| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "PURCHASES": |
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Green Purchasing, 2008.
A research paper that presents an overview of "green purchasing," i.e. sustainable purchasing, environmental sourcing and buying green, from the organization's perspective.
7,301 words (approx. 29.2 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 162.95
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Abstract
This research paper is an exploration of the historical and current state of corporate consumerism regarding environmentally friendly or green purchasing for the purchasing professional. It develops ideas and concepts and explains several key terms and processes which corporations and individual purchasing agents may implement to further the goal of green corporate purchasing. It also demonstrates ways in which purchasers can find information and better understand the varied aspects of green purchasing, following several different applied methods of green buying to the conclusion and comparing and contrasting them. The paper points out the governmental aspect of sustainable purchasing, looking at varied ways in which governments have sponsored and or implemented legislation that demands standards for sustainable purchasing. It also includes a description of an environmentally preferable purchasing model policy.
From the Paper
"One of the first goals of establishing a supplier's sustainability relationship management program is to develop a sense of purpose for the organization. The organization itself must be living up to a certain code of conduct with regard to environmental goals in order to utilize supplier's commitments as a key in such a goal. In other words the company must determine what about "green" production is important to them in order to determine what is important to them in a supplier. Once this has been determined then the company must succinctly express such details in suppler communications and research. Some companies have taken to asking suppliers to agree to a set of standards. "
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Purchasing Strategies for Accountability, 2006.
A paper discussing how to formulate a purchasing strategy for an organization that actually supports the profit center and primary line of business of that organization.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formulation of a unified purchasing strategy for a given organization. Particular emphasis is given to the integration of a statement of work (SOW) into the unified purchasing strategy in a way that ensures both optimum performance and contractor compliance. Additionally, the SOW should be organized around a performance orientation and the entire purchasing strategy needs to be integrated into the business strategy of the organization itself.
From the Paper
"Purchasing strategies should, ideally, be linked to overall corporate strategy and organizational objectives as they are outlined by the enterprise's executive leadership. The implication is that purchasing strategies are a component of overall strategy development and not simply tasks that are left to low-level management to simply figure out. The corporate mechanisms that should be utilized to develop purchasing strategies that match these formulaic criteria are use of a steering committee that would outline the project management oriented research, benchmarks and milestones involved in the process as well as formulate a definitive set of objectives (Lowson, 2002)."
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Purchasing Power Parity, 2007.
This paper discusses the role of the theory of purchasing power parity (PPP) in the real world.
1,110 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the theory of purchasing power parity (PPP) means that, in an ideal world with an efficient market, the same goods should have the same price universally. The author points out that the PPP, which is loosely explained as the Big Mac index, also means that a consumer good sold in practically every part of the world, takes the place of the commodity basket; therefore, a Big Mac being sold in the United States must have the same price as Big Mac sold in Australia. The paper relates that recent data cannot fully support the theory of the purchasing power parity and the law of one price because, in the real world, there are trade barriers, free competition and differences in price levels in different countries, which create difficulty in testing the PPP through government-published price indexes.
From the Paper
"The proper estimation of purchasing power parity is made difficult because there is no uniform price level. Also, different people in different countries have varying commodity baskets, which also make the scenario more complicated. Add to this the factor of the varying availability of different goods in certain countries, and the fact that there aren't just two countries that come into play in the economic world."
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Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), 2008.
This document discusses purchasing power parity (PPP) as it relates to exchange rates.
2,055 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the example of the Starbucks Index to demonstrate PPP by taking the average price of a cup of Starbucks' coffee in U.S. dollars and factoring the cost in five separate markets. Additionally, the knowledge gained from this exercise as well as additional research and observation is used to make general observations regarding foreign exchange rates and their importance to internal economies as well as to international industry competitors that must repatriate funds.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology and Results
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another reason firms seek to expand PPP is because this makes those markets more attractive for FDI since this climate essentially aligns their markets more efficiently with internal production. The fact is that not all FDI is meant or intended to achieve gains in production efficiency or market access. Often, firms implement FDI project because they do already have an established market and wish to move their production and manufacturing facilities closer to that market irrespective of overall cost estimates. While the production costs may be more efficient, this is not necessarily the primary motivator."
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Cognitive Dissonance and Purchasing, 2008.
This paper discusses the effect of cognitive dissonance on purchase decisions.
2,169 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that marketers need to understand the role of involvement and habit, information processing and the concept of life values in consumer behavior, as well as cultural determinants. The behavioral sciences such as sociology and psychology are paramount in achieving this goal. The writer points out that consumers' demand for an exciting variety of new products puts ceaseless strain on companies to constantly try to understand consumer behavior. The writer explains that marketing products thus becomes pointless if the marketers are unaware of the consumers' needs and wants. The writer maintains that without the knowledge of the varying areas of behavioral sciences it would be difficult for marketers to identify the characteristics of their consumers and they would be unable to achieve maximum sales and product potential.
Outline:
Introduction
Elements of the Decision-Making Process
Example of Cognitive Dissonance
Characteristics and Effects of Cognitive Dissonance
How to Use Process to Drive Buyer's Actions
Customer Satisfaction and Purchasing Behavior
Expectation Disconfirmation Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are five elements of consumer behavior that lead to a purchasing decision. The first element is problem recognition; the consumer comprehends a need, difference between a perfect and a genuine situation. The situation can be as simple as seeing there is no bread left. Second information search, the consumer is looking for value. This is where clarification of options is revealed to the consumer and many involve internal and external search. Next is assessment of other possibilities. What standards will be used and what is the perceived value in making the purchasing decision. Fourth is the decision to purchase. This involves when, to buy, who to buy from, or if to buy at all. When to buy will come from influences like store atmosphere, time, is there a sale happening, and the shopping experience. Who to buy from will depend on the terms of the sale, past experience with the seller, and the return policy. If all the factors do not fit what the consumer is looking for the consumer may and will chose not to buy. Fifth is post-purchase behavior. Once the consumer makes the decision to purchase, he or she will compare the likelihood the buying decision meant expectations, this will leave the buyer either satisfied or dissatisfied."
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Post Purchasing Behavior, 2007.
A marketing strategy to counteract cognitive dissonance in purchasers of Disney mobile phones.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how consumers of all goods and services frequently experience what is known as cognitive dissonance, or post-purchase anxiety. The paper analyzes how this is especially prevalent with purchases, such as cellular phone agreements, that require the consumer to buy into a contract of some duration. The writer proposes that the fact that the Disney Mobile phone involves the buyer's children, and is marketed on the basis of improving child safety, only increases the consumer's perceived stakes in the act of consumption, and raises the risk that the buyer may feel more potential anxiety after getting the phone. The paper includes a marketing strategy to counteract this anxiety.
From the Paper
"Simplifying the decision making process at this stage is also a positive goal, because remorse in the post-purchase process tends to be greater if the consumer is exposed to many different options. Stressing the uniqueness of the Disney phone because of its parental screening devices and added entertainment components is an excellent strategy to help the likely target parental consumers feel better about their purchase. This will make them less apt long for another type of cell phone, or worse, to wish that they never bought a cell phone for their children at all. The superiority and uniqueness of the brand must be conveyed during the early decision-making process. Reducing later cognitive conflict in the pre-purchase stage is of vital importance because early apprehensions the greatest source of dissonance post- purchase."
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Purchasing Furniture, 2006.
This paper examines the processes involved when a consumer buys furniture.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how furniture buying holds the same general purchase decision process as other items. The first step in the furniture buying process, for a consumer, is problem recognition. In this step, the consumer recognizes their need or desire for a piece of furniture. This can be triggered by something internally, or an external stimulus, including; a change within their own home, an in-store furniture display or even an advertisement. The paper explains that this motivation to purchase a piece of furniture may be either rational or emotional. Once this need or want is identified, the consumer then begins an information search on possibilities of how to fulfill this need or want.
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Purchasing Power Parity Model ( PPP ), 2002.
Discusses the validity of the PPP hypothesis.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Discusses the validity of the PPP hypothesis. Theory of PPP. Underlying basis of the PPP model. Rates of inflation and long-range exchange rate changes. Assumptions of the PPP model. Problems associated with use of the model. Contends that long-run analyses tend to support the PPP hypothesis, but not short-run analyses.
From the Paper
"THE PURCHASING POWER PARITY MODEL: COMPARING MacDONALD WITH ZHOU AND MAHDAVI
Introduction
The literature contains mixed results relative to the testing of the validity of the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis. Few studies have found evidence to support the theory in the short run, while the results of tests of the PPP hypothesis based on long-run data produced mixed outcomes, with a majority of the studies supporting the hypothesis for long-run projections. The studies with opposing results are the MacDonald (1995) study, which supports the PPP hypothesis for long-run projections, and the Zhou and Mahdavi (1996), which does not support the PPP hypothesis for long-term projections. This paper compares and discusses these two studies."
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Purchasing & Contracting, 1989.
Discusses public sector issues, definitions, organizational factors, productivity, contract management, standardized procedures, goods & services and decision making negotiations.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 20 sources, $ 103.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the process of contracting for goods and services in the public sector. Of particular interest are the prerogative of public performance, contract changes, contract default, contract termination, and the role of contracting in the public sector.
Contracting in the Public Sector
Contracting in the public sector is a part of the purchasing function. Purchasing always involves the acquisition of goods and services. In the public sector, purchasing almost always involves the acquisition of goods and services by an organization, for consumption by the organization, in the servicing of its client group.. In private-sector organizations, (...)"
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Just-in-Time Purchasing, 1992.
A look at the system of buying to improve effectiveness and efficiency including definition, techniques, implementation, quality control, scheduling, inventory and advantages and disadvantages.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Just-In-Time (JIT) purchasing is a system of buying which improves effectiveness and efficiency. As noted by D. Jerry Bowman (1991, February) in the journal Industrial Engineering, companies implementing JIT methods usually achieve "improved productivity and profitability" (p. 38). According to Ansari and Modarress (1990), the definition for Just-In-Time purchasing is reflected in its name. Thus, in implementing the JIT concept, "materials are purchased or parts are produced in an exact quantity and just as they are needed" (p. 27). One of the major goals of JIT purchasing is to reduce the amount of inventory which is maintained at the manufacturing plant. At most, the JIT philosophy calls for only a few weeks' worth of production inventory. Ernest Raia (1990, September 13), in the journal Purchasing, has claimed that the ultimate goal of JIT purchasing..."
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Purchasing a Home, 1990.
Discusses the specific steps involved in buying a house. Devises a strategy for acquiring the house you want.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
" Buying a house is a process involving a number of specific steps, some of which may be optional but all of which should be considered by the buyer in devising a strategy for acquiring the house that he or she wants. The strategy must begin with the decision to buy a house and continue through to taking possession and paying off the mortgage.
Warner, Serkes, and Devine (1990) make a good point when they note that two of the most important steps begin with the decision to buy a house--deciding what sort of house you want, and determining what sort of house you can afford. The two must be matched until the buyer understands the type of house sought and the price he or she is able to pay for it. The authors offer this advice: "Trust yourself, not experts" (p. 2). In order to do this, though, you have to be certain of what you want and have..."
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How to Purchase the Safest Luxury Vehicle, 2006.
This paper contains detailed information and suggestions on purchasing a new automobile while focusing on specific safety features.
1,060 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The writer of this report specifies what consumers look for when considering the purchase of a new vehicle. This paper examines and rates the various luxury automobiles on the market today. While durability, fuel efficiency, invulnerability and appearance are what people are drawn to, safety is still the number one consideration when purchasing a new car.
This paper also contains a test results chart.
Topics covered in this report include:
Introduction
Comparisons
Vehicle Cockpit
Safety
Price
Engine and Power
Overall Driving Experience
Summary
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"Safety equipment on the Suzuki includes dual air bags along with four three-point safety belts. Each seat has four head restraints that do not lock in their raised position. The Infiniti is equipped with dual air bags and four three point safety belts. The four head restraints are high enough even when lowered and they lock in place. Lexus comes with dual air bags and three-point seat belts with adjustable height positions. The head restraints on the Lexus are fixed and are high enough."
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Self-Definition Through Purchases, 2007.
A narrative essay on the self-definition that comes from purchasing personal items.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the way that purchases contribute to a person's self-definition and feeling of worth and belonging. It discusses the writer's most recent purchase of more than $100 dollars and what this item means to him. Furthermore, the writer describes how this item contributed to his self-definition and from where in society the definition attached to this item comes.
From the Paper
"Before the Industrial Revolution peoples' identity was defined by their relationships with others. This is because it was not very easy for the average person to acquire a great deal in the way of material possessions. However, after the Industrial Revolution, when material possessions became more readily available for the common man, the way people defined themselves and others in society began to change. "With the easy availability of goods, people became more inclined to define themselves by what they possessed and the elusive merry-go-round quest for status accelerated" (Monczunski, p. 2). One reason for this change could be based on the belief that with material possessions readily available, the people who work the hardest or are the smartest will obtain the most possessions, working hard and being smart being considered positive characteristics of the most worthwhile people."
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Why Consumers Purchase Products They Never Use, 2002.
This paper is a report of a class marketing research project which asked why consumers purchased produces that they never used.
2,205 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper is a research project that asked the respondents to go to their garage or basement, locate one product they purchased six months or more ago and not used recently and then asked why they purchased the product. This paper reports that unused household and automotive purchases are made for specific reasons, indicating that the motivating factor in purchasing most of these products is an occurrence or planned occurrence in the home. The author points out that a significant number of respondents said that unused products were purchased to have them on hand because they were either staples or emergency need products.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Survey of Related Literature
Methodology and Results
Synthesis
Conclusions
From the Paper
"They [reporting on a literature review of a study about unused food products] found that the majority of unwanted food and pantry purchases were made for a specific reason, rather than on impulse or marketing enticements. These purchases went unused because the specific reason or event for which they were made never happened. Though the study does not go into detail on the topic, it is also stated that at least some purchases went unused because the consumer did not like the product upon trying it. Because the consumers making disliked purchases must have been somehow enticed to try initially the product, this group of responses would indicate that marketing was the determining factor in making the purchase."
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"The Louisiana Purchase" by Thomas Fleming, 2005.
A review of the book "The Louisiana Purchase" by Thomas Fleming.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper provides both a summary and an analysis of Thomas Fleming's book 'The Louisiana Purchase', a book detailing the history of the purchase of Louisiana by the United States. According to this paper, Fleming examines the process that led to the purchase of the Louisiana territory from its inception to the very end.
From the Paper
"The Louisiana Purchase added over 830,000 square miles of land to the territory possessed by the United States, virtually doubling the country's size. The land that was added would eventually be divided into a number of the current southern, Midwestern, and western states. Such an extensive addition to a country does not happen overnight, nor can it happen without collaboration between many people. The Louisiana Purchase was no exception. Thomas Fleming's book, 'The Louisiana Purchase', looks at many, if not all, of the factors that went into this massive undertaking."
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