| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "PUBLIC POLICY FORMULATION": |
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Public Policy Formulation, 2004.
A look at the role that public opinion plays on policy formulation.
2,938 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between public opinion and policy formulation and shows that
public opinion generally leads policy formulation rather than the other way around. The paper includes comparison of policy formulation in the US, the UK, and in Canada.
From the Paper
"The relationship between public opinion and policy formulation is a fundamental question in our understanding and evaluation of representational democracy. If a system is to qualify as democratic rule by the people then policy must have some positive relationship to public opinion embodying the will of the people in some concrete rather than purely abstract or symbolic way. Otherwise, democratic institutions would be mere window dressing. On the other hand, from at least the time of Edmund Burke in the..."
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"An Introduction To Public Policy" by Charles O Jones, 2000.
A review of the work on how public policy is formulated, focusing on social programs (public housing), in second half of the 20th century.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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Abstract
A review of the work on how public policy is formulated, focusing on social programs (public housing), in second half of the 20th century.
From the Paper
"Every traditional introductory civics text used to have some form of explanation of "How a Bill becomes Law." A chart or diagram would trace the passage of a bill from introduction, through referral to a committee, passage on the floor, conference committee, and so on to the president's desk. A realist (not necessarily a euphemism for cynic) might wish to respond to this with an outline showing how the political process of making a law actually works: How sufficient attention and interest is generated to put a matter on the public agenda; how support is marshaled to ensure that a bill is voted out of committee rather than buried there; how follow-up effort is needed to see that a program, once authorized, is subsequently funded, and so forth."
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Presidential Policy Formulation, 2004.
Political briefing and position paper intended to aid President George W. Bush in policy formulation.
5,393 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
This is an all-inclusive paper dealing with a wide range of issues, such as the American economy, in general, and discussing issues, such as budget deficits, tax cuts, medical assistance and benefits for retired people, the weakening American dollar, allocations for the military, intelligence and homeland security, job growth, and the regime and policies of free trade. With regards to security, it features the recent American initiative on the war on terrorism. The issues of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and nuclear proliferation are also discussed, as well as the aspect of the ?future?, as it was viewed from the era of the Vietnam War. Furthermore, the relevance of the Cold War is outlined as a great American victory. Compelling issues, such as the role of oil, OPEC, the Middle East, and the socio-political and economic situation after the incidents of September 11 are also addressed. Additionally, the role of the United States government is outlined and made easy to understand.
From the Paper
"The appreciable factor in the entire issue is the surplus which is estimated at 5.6 trillion dollars spread over the next ten years. There is also a projection of a 500 billion dollar from Medicare surpluses. The democrats on the other hand intend to spend the entire Social security and Medicare surpluses towards paying off debt. This however cannot be a favourable idea since it leaves the government with no table funds. A better and agreeable solution would rather be paying up a whopping 80% of the debt, subtracting 2 trillion dollars from Social security surpluses and using the remaining 600 billion dollars as an investment into the promising avenues of the stock market. Thereafter, a reserve account can be created to haul in the funds that have come by way of medical surpluses which amount to 500 billion dollars added up with an extra 340 billion."
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?Making Public Policy?, 2003.
A book review and analysis of Steven Kelman?s ?Making Public Policy?.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Steven Kelman?s concept of the public spirit in making public policy in his book, "Making Public Policy: A Hopeful View of American Government". It shows how the book outlines the trials and tribulations of the US government over the years whenever it has endeavored to formulate public policy by illustrating the factors driving a government to make effective public policies.
From the Paper
"Public policy making for a nation requires extensive experience as well as the primary knowledge of the existing system. For the United States, public policy process is the responsibility of the government as well as the political bodies. It is due to this fact that one observe differences in opinions as to which party works for the interest of the people and which must have more attention - that is, whether the government should concentrate upon national interest or individual interest, states interest as opposed to international interest or should it concern itself with allocation of resources to the various department of the US government."
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Canadian Public Policy, 2002.
Answers the question: Who or what are the major players in the formulation of Canadian Public Policy?
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the major decision makers in Canadian public policy. It looks at the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, the bureaucracy and interest groups/lobbyists.
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Foreign Policy Formulation, 2007.
A look at the the key factors that influence foreign policy decisions with reference to the foreign policy of Britain and Germany.
959 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the varied and numerous factors and actors in international relations that influence foreign policy formulation in Britain and Germany. Transnational Organizations such as the UN and the EU are covered, along with NATO's role post WWII. Concepts such as 'chequebook diplomacy' are explained and also the emergence of a new national German interest post 9/11 is examined.
From the Paper
"The Anglo-American relationship is reputed to be the strongest bond to have existed between two independent sovereign nations, certainly in terms of foreign policy harmonization. The UK claims "a special relationship with the United States, not shared by others" (Kenneth Younger, 1964, p104), throughout Europe, although Germany shares some common interest with her through NATO, having occasionally stoically exhibited this commitment. "Germany prefers to compromise its tradition of military restrain, rather than weakening its reputation as a reliable partner within NATO" (Volker Rittberger, 2001, p179), as German participation in Kosovo demonstrated."
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Public Interest or Public Best Interest, 2002.
A study of the topic of what is the 'best public interest' compared to 'public interest' and the role of the public administrator.
1,810 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper shows the difficulty the public administrator is faced with when deciding what is the ?public interest? or ?public best interest? and that sometimes the administrator has to make decisions based on the community ?best? interests or the ?objective control of administration?. Sections of the paper include: Pluralists and the Public Administrator, The Public as Consumers, The Public as Represented, The Public as Client and the Public as Citizen.
From the Paper
"Other examples can be commercials. If a child sees cereal with a toy in it, he/she will beg and cry until the mother buys the cereal. The mother may know this is not the ?best interest? of the child because it lacks important vitamins or may be full of sugar. The commercial has placed value on knowing children will see the commercial and will talk their parents into buying it. The interest of the children is met, but not the ?best? interest of the children."
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"Public Administration & Public Affairs "( Nicholas Henry ), 1996.
Critical review of work on public management methodologies & techniques & policy formulation & implementation.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
" The purpose of this research is to review the book by Nicholas Henry, entitled Public Administration and Public Affairs (1995). This review will analyze the central themes of the work and address its strengths and weaknesses.
Henry begins by explaining the role of public bureaucracy and public administration in democratic society. He notes that bureaucracy and democracy are in fact antithetical. Bureaucracy tends to be hierarchical in nature and elitist. Democracy, on the other hand, tends to be egalitarian in nature. But in order for a democratic society to function properly, the bureaucracy and democracy must be reconciled (p. 1). Bureaucracy represents the technological elite, the body of persons skilled in how to get things done. The democratic mass is charged with determining the direction of public policy, but it is the skilled.."
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The Shift from ?Old Public Administration? to ?New Public Management', 2002.
This in-depth paper seeks to clarify, thoroughly explain and critically debate the idea as to whether there is a shift from old styles of Public Administration to new styles under the name New Public Management (NPM).
10,115 words (approx. 40.5 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 204.95
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Abstract
The main tenets of NPM are explored and their application to the U.S., New Zealand, and the U.K. is documented. The application of the NPM to developing countries of Africa, Latin America, South East Asia and the Anglophone Caribbean is also evaluated for their strengths and weaknesses.
From the Paper
"Like the Traditional bureaucracy, the New Public Management approach is yet another ?problem-solving tool? in the schema of public administration, that has emerged with a style of ordering the delivery of public goods and services, however, with a different method in mind. In discussing the so-called ?shift? from Old or Traditional forms of Public Administration, or as some such as Christopher Hood term it, Progressive Public Administration, quite a number of circumstances, situations, contexts as well as a variety of explanations should be proffered and assessed. One needs to critically examine the concept of a shift to New Public Management. The term ?shift?, if one is not careful, could indicate a sharp distinction in the change from Old to New styles of Public Management, or a leap from one paradigm to the other excluding essential features of the old, by replacing such features of the old with the new. This is certainly not the case. It should be noted tentatively, that New Public Management, as Hood, Patrick Dunleavy and others will later confirm, not only exists alongside other aspects of the traditional Model, but also that other features of other ?Intermediate Models? such as those of the Management, Comparative Development and the influences of earlier Market Models, still persist alongside NPM."
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Advertising vs. Publicity in Public Relations., 2002.
A comparison of the importance of advertising versus publicity in the PR world.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper will seek to understand the differences between the advertising aspect of Public Relations, and the publicity aspect of the PR world. By understanding the differences, we can see how both serve a specific function in PR.
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Public Space and the Public Individual, 2002.
A review of the book "Writing/Interviews" by the artist Richard Serra.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay is a review artist Richard Serra's (1994) book, "Writing/Interviews". At the heart of the book is a broad social question about the identity of the public, and the location of public space. This essay considers the political conflicts that emerge in relation to Serra's destroyed public installation, "Tilted Arc." This controversy works as a profound metaphor that concerns the relationship between the public and the institutions that design space for the public. It is a question of ownership and basic issues of freedom, and how these are woven into the social structures that organize public movement and perspective.
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Methodology of Policy Analysis, 1997.
Examines theories & practical considerations in formulation of public policy: state & federal rights, example (environmental policy), social & economic costs & benefits.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"METHODOLOGY IN POLICY ANALYSIS
Introduction
This research reviews factors that are included in policy analyses. These factors, together with the approach to their assessment, constitute the methodology of policy analysis. Where appropriate, practical examples are used to illustrate the methodology of policy analysis.
Policy Analysis: The Concepts
Policy analysis is the application of a variety of political and cognitive strategies to the formulation of a public policy (Starling, 1993, p. 11). Policy analysis is not based in a single discipline. Political, organizational, sociological, technological, and economic issues are addressed in most policy analyses. ?In policy analysis one of the keys to judging expert .."
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Public Relations, Publicity and Advertising, 2002.
A comparison of the three fields.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper defines and differentiates between public relations, publicity and advertising.
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Communications Decency Act, 2001.
An examination of the public policy formulation process as applied to the Communications Decency Act of 1996.
1,757 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the formulation of the Communications Decency Act and identifies policy windows, policy entrepreneurs, and systematic agenda influences that contributed to the process. The paper examines how the systems, pluralist, rational-comprehensive, and elitist models of public policy formulation can be applied to the policy.
From the Paper
"The 1990s saw the development of the Internet, a communications breakthrough that brought government regulation into an uncharted new territory. Suddenly, Congress had to deal with an issue that previously didn't exist: the exposure of children to online pornography. Congress's answer to this problem was The Communications Decency Act, a federal regulatory policy intended to protect children from "indecent" and "patently offensive" material on the Internet."
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