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Psychotherapy with Elder Patients, 2002.
Examining the effectiveness of psychotherapy in elderly patients.
1,951 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of psychotherapy with elderly patients in nursing homes. The writer explores the issues of confidentiality, cognitive understanding and the benefits of therapy for the elderly. It asks whether this form of treatment is necessary and effective and if the age of the patients presents a barrier.
From the Paper
"Advances in medical science now allow people to live longer than ever before. With the longevity however, comes a higher incidence of several things including the need for nursing home care, the need for mental health services and the need for a combination of them both. Nationwide, nursing homes are filled to and beyond capacity, which often translates to understaffing of employees. The elderly population of the United States, particularly those in nursing homes is often overlooked when it comes to mental health issues. Many times symptoms are attributed to the aging process, if they are noticed at all by a harried staff member who takes a cursory sweep through the patient?s inpatient records and compares them to the patient?s present state of mind. The need for psychotherapy in the elderly population has historically been ignored or overlooked. However, recent studies had attention have place a focus on the need for mental health care in the elderly, including those who reside in nursing homes."
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The Psychotherapy of Viktor Frankl.
This paper discusses the psychotherapy of Viktor Frankl, the man who brought existentialism to the field.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, having gone through truly agonizing and painful experiences in Auschwitz from 1943-45, Viktor Frankl founded a new school of psychotherapy that focused on meaning of life and man's connection with the soul and universe. The author points out that Frankl's theory of psychotherapy gave birth to the school of logotherapy, which at its core, is his theory that "will to meaning" keeps a person alive and serves as the primary motivating force. The paper relates that logotherapy assists patients in developing a systematic meaningful story from which to draw answers to their numerous queries; the patient, who wants to know why he should not commit suicide when there are so many problems can be helped to see that his question contains a glimmer of hope.
From the Paper
"While his theory has often been criticized for being reductionist, Frankl has also been widely appreciated for his work on existentialist psychotherapy. His reductionist view of man's existence led him to declare that "Man is nothing but a complex biochemical mechanism powered by a combustion system which energizes computers with prodigious storage facilities for retaining encoded information."
From this view came into being another related theory by Frankl as he assumed that "all cultural creations of humanity become actually by-products of the drive for personal satisfaction.""
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Psychotherapy, 2003.
This paper discusses the main schools of psychotherapy.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the concepts of psychotherapy, aims and practices of the main schools of psychotherapy including their positive aspects from a therapeutic context. The author compares the differences in methodology, ideology and aims of the psychotherapy schools of Freud, Jung and Adler. The paper examines talking therapies especially the way the individual and the therapist approaches the therapy within the context of each school of psychotherapy.
From the Paper
"Gorey defines psychotherapy as the provision by qualified practitioners of a formal and professional relationship within which clients can profitably explore difficulties and often painful emotions."
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Integrative Psychotherapy, 2005.
This paper discuses integrative psychotherapy and its application to client therapy.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that integrative psychotherapy involves a practice of psychotherapy, which asserts the intrinsic value of each individual in terms of their emotional, behavioral, cognitive, physiological and spiritual dimensions of life. The author points out that integrative transactional analysis theory is formed by theories of motivation, personality and methods. The paper describes the therapy of a 50-year-old insurance company woman executive, who, after therapy, came out of her dejection and gave up her childhood script thoughts.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Integrative Psychotherapy
Theories of Integrative Psychotherapy
Development of Child's Personality
Child Ego State
From the Paper
"Though the defensive mechanisms even out and look after the individual, this steadiness limits the naturalness, familiarity, and suppleness so necessary for development. Categories of specific methods include the processes of inquiry, attunement, and involvement. The process of inquiry includes the therapist being open to finding out the client's viewpoint while the client concurrently finds out his or her sense of self with each of the therapist's knowledge improving statements or questions. Attunement is a two-phase process which starts with empathy that is, being responsive to and recognizing with the other's sensations, needs, or feelings and the communication of the sensitivity to another person. Therapeutic involvement is inclusive of 'acknowledgment, validation, normalization, and presence' reduces internal defensive processes."
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?Existential Psychotherapy?, 2002.
Analysis of Irvin Yalom's approach to addressing the critics of psychotherapy.
836 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Yalom's book, "Existential Psychotherapy", and how he responds to criticisms aimed at the field of psychotherapy. It discusses the merits and qualities of the book and argues that book successfully dismisses the complaints against psychotherapy. The paper contends that Yalom's use of analogies, clinical studies, research, and his own hypotheses and conclusions, convincingly ties psychotherapy and existentialism together.
From the Paper
"A constant complaint about psychotherapy from experts in other fields of study is psychotherapy?s so-called ?narrow focus.? For instance, psychotherapy, critics complain, does not deal with the grander issues of fear of life and death. Irvin Yalom?s book, ?Existential Psychotherapy,? dismisses these complaints by gearing his successful book around the four ultimate concerns of life: death, freedom, existential isolation and meaninglessness."
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Theories of Psychotherapy.
This paper compares two theories of psychotherapy: Joseph Weiss' Control Theory versus Aaron Beck's Cognitive Therapy.
2,645 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, because the Freudian model did not fit all patients into in the manifestation phase or, in many cases, the circumstances surrounding their resolution; psychoanalysts Joseph Weiss and Aaron Beck devised alternative therapy theories. The author points out that Weiss' Control Theory combines the origins of psychological pathology with issues of just "how" the patient interacts within therapy to form a more useful and therapeutically successful model. The paper relates that Aaron Beck, in his work treating patients suffering from depression, devised another theory, known as "Cognitive Behavioral Theory", in which the patient's internal thoughts, belief system, attitudes and perceptions influence both the emotional characteristics of the patient and the strength under which the depressed patient struggles.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Control Theory
Role of the Therapist
Cognitive Therapy: Beck
Role of the Therapist
Comparisons
Conclusion
From the Paper
"If, as Weiss asserts, the patient is imbibed with a subconscious drive to master his or her psychopathology, then the role of the therapist in working with the patient is to uncover his or her patient's specific and individual internal "plan" to resolve their issues. In so doing, the therapist becomes a kind of facilitator, allowing the patient's internal drive toward health to resolve the problem. In order for the therapist to be an effective facilitator, however, he or she must clearly understand the issues of "control and mastery" involved."
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Psychotherapy, 2006.
This paper discusses the field of psychotherapy, especially as applied to depression.
1,935 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that psychotherapy is the treatment of psychological disorders by employing psychological methods, which include a personal relationship between a client and a trained therapist, Psychotherapists can be psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers or marriage and family therapists. The author points out that psychotherapies can be classified into four perspectives: psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral and cognitive. The paper relates that the ideal therapist must have intelligence, enough flexibility to make use of a wide range of psychotherapeutic models tailored to the severity of the patient's depression and basic humaneness, which means that he or must be able to admit errors, tolerate frustration and refuse to judge a patient by appearance, age or social class.
Table of Contents:
Define and Overview
Depression
Cognitive Therapy
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Characteristics of Ideal Therapist / Best Treatment
Beneficial / Conclusion
From the Paper
"Depression is characterized by sad mood and the inability to experience pleasure from activities one previously enjoyed. Depressed people exhibit symptoms such as withdrawal, inactivity, decreased/increased in appetite, experiencing difficulty in sleeping and feeling of hopelessness for the future, hence, contemplate that life is not worth living. When these symptoms are severe, persistent, and interfere with the person's daily functions, then the person is diagnosed as having major depressive disorder.Major depressive disorder is associated with high mortality."
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Counseling and Psychotherapy, 2002.
An examination of the difference between counseling and psychotherapy.
1,874 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper proves that there are several differences between counseling and psychotherapy. While counseling and psychotherapy have several different elements, the following information also shows the reader that there are some areas where the two overlap.
From the Paper
"In lay terms counseling can be described as a face to face relationship, having goals to help a client to learn or acquire new skills which will enable them to cope and adjust to life situations. The focus is to help a person reach maximum fulfillment or potential, and to become fully functioning as a person. Definition of Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is the process inwhich a therapists assists the client in re-organizing his or her personality. The therapist also helps the client integrate insights into everyday behavior. Psychotherapy can be defined as "more inclusive re-education of the individual" (Brammer& Shostrom,1977). Objectives of counseling The objectives of counseling according to the Committee on Definition, Division of Counseling Psychology, American Psychological Association are to "help individuals toward overcoming obstacles to their personal growth, wherever these may be encountered, and toward achieving optimum development of their personal resources" (Arbuckle, 1967)."
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Psychodynamic, Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 2002.
A discussion on the main schools of psychotherapy and their positive aspects in the therapeutic context.
3,420 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines how psychotherapy can be used in many different situations, depending on the needs and desires of the patient. The writer examines several different approaches to psychotherapy based on different viewpoints or beliefs of the originators of the therapy. This paper examines the theories and approaches of Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler and Carl Jung. In addition the way in which the ideas of Albert Ellis and others were added to and developed into different approaches to psychotherapy, will also be examined. The writer examines and divides the psychotherapeutic approaches of the above theorists into three main categories- psychodynamic, behavioral and cognitive.
From the Paper
"The term psychotherapy encompasses many different forms of therapy. The first modern form of psychotherapy was called the "talking cure". Psychotherapy had its early beginnings when psychologists, priests, etc. attempted to determine the causes of the person's emotional distress by talking, counseling, educating and interpreting dreams and behavior. These practices however fell into disrepute. The many varieties of therapy practiced today still are characterized by their common dependence on verbal exchange between the counselor or therapist and the client. Psychotherapy can be defined as a means of treating psychological or emotional problems such as neurosis or personality disorder through verbal and non-verbal communication."
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"The Talking Cure: The Science Behind Psychotherapy", 2002.
The paper reviews the book "The Talking Cure: The Science Behind Psychotherapy" by Susan C. Vaughan.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the suggestion raised in the book about a possible relationship between psychotherapy and neurobiology. It delves into Vaughan's methods of psychotherapy and looks at her lack of scientific evidence in her proposals.
From the Paper
"In her book, The Talking Cure: The Science Behind Psychotherapy, Susan C. Vaughan MD. employs the knowledge and experience that she has gained in the fields of science and psychoanalysis, and combines them to propose an informative and innovative theory on the possible existence of a relationship between psychotherapy and neurobiology. Vaughan has earned her credentials and expertise as a research fellow of the National Institute of Mental Health and a senior candidate at the Columbia Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research in New York City, allied to her continued studies into long-term psychotherapy and psychoanalysis at the New York State Psychiatric Institute. In addition to The Talking Cure, Vaughan has published two other books, Half Empty, Half Full, Understanding the Psychological Roots of Optimism (2001) and Viagra: A Guide to the Phenomenal Potency-Promoting Drug (1998), and her articles have appeared in publications such as, the International Journal of Psychoanalysis, The American Journal of Psychiatry, and The New Yorker."
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Treatment Planning in Psychotherapy, 2007.
This paper discusses the importance of treatment planning in psychotherapy.
2,301 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the critical elements of treatment planning in psychotherapy. It also provides a hypothetical case and proposes a treatment plan for the incumbent. Issues addressed include the importance of treatment planning and vital aspects of a quality treatment plan. The author concludes that ultimately a good treatment plan can be evaluated by examining the patient's response to treatment goals and outcomes.
Outline:
Treatment Planning Defined
Relevance of Treatment Planning in Psychotherapy
Treatment Plan Overview
Stages of Treatment Planning
Characteristics of a Good Treatment Plan
Hypothetical Treatment Case - Depression
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Bray, Falvey & Hebert (2005) define treatment planning, as a "frequent and universal judgment task" often required of mental health practitioners interested in promoting positive patient outcomes. During the treatment planning and conceptualization process, clinicians work to help problem solve and predict outcomes for patients using various clinical judgment strategies (Bray et al. 2005). This process while complex allows favorable outcomes for a majority of patients and improves clinical performance thus is vital to the success and well being not only of patients but also of the caregivers working with them (Bray, et al. 2005). "
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The Existential Approach of Psychotherapy, 2002.
An overview of counselling and psychotherapy known as the "existential" approach.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 18 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the development of psychotherapy and counselling as an existential therapy. The paper covers the grounds in regard to its historical development, principles and modern standing in the field of psychiatry.
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Psychotherapy Integration, 2004.
Compares and contrast three psychotherapy techniques.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three psychotherapy techniques, Technical Eclecticism, Cyclical Psychodynamics and Problem-Centered Therapy (family and marriage therapy), looks at how each model works and looks at similarities and differences between the models.
From the Paper
"According to Lazarus, personality is formed, maintained and changed by classical and operant conditioning modeling and vicarious learning, thoughts, feelings, images and sensations and by unconscious processes. The multi-modal approach to psychotherapy assumes that unless several discrete but interactive modalities are assessed treatment is likely to overlook significant concerns. Multimodal Initial interviews of patients and the use of a Multimodal Life History Inventory provide an initial review of a client's significant behavioral affective responses."
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Psychotherapy Method, 2002.
Question and answer approach to discussing the psychotherapy method.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Paper in which writer answers various questions regarding an varied approach to psychotherapy and practice.
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The Creators of Psychotherapy, 2005.
This paper discusses the work of the three major creators of psychotherapy: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Erik Erikson.
1,990 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Sigmund Freud, considered to be the seminal figure in the creation of psychotherapy through his technique of psychoanalysis, pioneered the underlying theoretical perspective of the id, the ego and the superego, which are still applicable today; however, many more contemporary psychologists discredit his theories as a sort of self-focused sexual mayhem plagued in a latent way by the romanticism of his era. The author points out that Carl Jung shares many of his underlying concepts with Freud's basic philosophies; however, Jung was more spiritual in his pursuit of meaning than Freud, who detested religion and saw it as a unproven illusion. The paper relates that Erik Erickson, also a follower of many Freudian principles, established his own psychotherapeutic theories of social development that, during childhood, after establishing a sense of self-regulation, individuals must begin a process of struggle and change, which continues throughout childhood and into adulthood.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Early Work of Freud and Jung
Early work of Erickson
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The individuation process was also seen by Jung to be potentially induced by trying to make a connection in the individual between their conscious and unconscious self/selves, through analysis and deliberate action. Jung favored this form of coaxing out the individuation process in an analytical setting. Obviously, this process does not occur
during early childhood, and is seen by most to have its roots in the second half of an individual's adult life. "Perhaps Jung's most original contribution is that of the collective unconscious and archetypal patterns and images that arise from it. " Jung was also somewhat strict about the individuation process being facilitated only by his own methods and descriptions and was distrustful of other methods such as yoga or other eastern paradigms of awareness and enlightenment as being legitimate."
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