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Psychology: Client Needs, 2007.
This paper identifies specific client concepts within social work and psychology to shows why clients needs to be recognized as having personal needs.
947 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that associations between a client and a social worker or specialist require identification of the specific needs unique to the client. The paper describes concepts such as resistance and defense and transference and empathy, which can be changed according to the needs of the client. The paper shows how the client must be approached as an individual with personal problems and given aid according to the type and nature of these problems.
Outline:
Introduction
Resistance and Defense
Transference and Empathy
Interpretations
Working Through
Jung's Analytical Psychology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The concept area of resistance and defense is used to explore how a client copes with stress, especially in scenarios in which conflict is found. Resistance and defense are sometimes defined as "coping strategies" as these are behaviors that the client manifests in order to create a desirable outcome, but this is a misleading term. Rather, resistance and defense are barricades enacted by the client to avoid facing issues or dealing with circumstances that cause some form of personal stress."
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Personal Theory of Psychotherapy, 2007.
A discussion on cognitive behavioral theories and an examination of the author's personal theory of psychology and approach to client-therapist relationships.
2,367 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the author's foundation theories in a multi-modal treatment of the client's mental problems. The paper examines how, if the root of a problem is found in early childhood, and has expressed itself then or later in an adult, then the author may treat the condition with the techniques of K. Egan and other cognitive-behavioral theories.The paper includes an analysis of Egan's theory and a brief overview of cognitive-behavioral theories. The author displays his own preferences for how he would approach the client-therapist relationship.
From the Paper
"The Egan model is particularly helpful for clients who are still in the early stages of personality development, especially younger people. This model helps him or her work on things in the recent past or in the present. The next step would be to choose the strategy that is best for him or her. Finding their particular talents, resources, style, temperament, and timetable is a valuable exercise for the future. It involves asking: "What actions are best for me?" It might mean introducing the idea of strategy, and to involving the client creating a list of pros and cons of possible results of different actions."
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A Bio-Psychological Assessment of Jim, 2005.
This paper presents a study of a client's behavior in light of his psychological problems.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study of Jim. The writer points out that Jim has consented to having his personal data used in this case study and that external permission has also been granted to interview Jim and to collect his data in a case study. The writer discusses that Jim has psychological problems and has manifested AIDS, both of which minimize his coping abilities and happiness.
From the Paper
"'Jim', not his real name, is a client who has been active at "Michael's House," which is a fictional name given to a community care center where the writer has been active as a social worker. Jim has consented to having his personal data used in this case study. Permission has also been granted from the department supervisor to interview Jim and to collect his data in a case study. All names and other identifying information have been changed as to reduce Jim's social vulnerability. It is necessary to explore the past behaviors of the subject in order to create a context in which current behavior occurs. Hepworth et al. find that "brief excursions into the past may be productive and enlightening" as a strategy to define why the decisions made in the past affect current behaviors, decisions, and outcomes."
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The Clinician and the Client, 2007.
This paper examines the topic of psychotherapy and looks in particular at the relationship between clinician and client.
2,127 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the clinician/client relationship, created through the use of psychotherapy, is highly important when it comes to bringing about a radical transformation within the client. The writer points out that with reflective listening, the client is made to understand his/her problems from the bottom up and thus be convinced that the clinician truly cares about his or her mental predicament. In addition, the writer shows that reflective listening also creates a kind of symbiotic balance in which both client and clinician exist and function as one entity. With motivational interviewing, the process is relatively identical except for the direct focus upon creating motivation for positive change within the client. Thus, the writer demonstrates that psychotherapy, especially when based on the client-centered techniques of reflective listening and motivational interviewing, can bring about dramatic change in a person and result in a much better lifestyle for the client, yet only when the clinician is highly-skilled in the art of human relationships.
Outline:
General Definition
Psychotherapy--The Clinician Viewpoint
The Client Viewpoint
Client-Centered Psychotherapy
Reflective Listening
Motivational Interviewing
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"For the clinician, whether a psychotherapist or a psychiatrist, there are three main goals to be accomplished during a session or a series of sessions with a client. First, the clinician must do everything within his/her ability to alleviate psychological pain which often comes in the form of distressing feelings or emotions, such as anxiety or depression, or in the form of symptoms like phobia, obsessions, compulsions, inhibitions, panic attacks, psychologically-based physical problems, sexual problems and types of mental derangement which prevent the clinician from accomplishing any or all of these traits. Also, the clinician must be able to set the client at ease, either through emotional comfort or by creating a new sense of happiness in the areas which are disturbing to the client."
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Selection of Clients for Group Therapy, 2006.
A comparison of the selection of clients for group therapy as opposed to the selection of clients for individual therapy.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Unlike therapy and psychological assessments at the individual level, an entirely new level of complications emerges when we deal with those same disciplines at the group level. For the practicing psychologist at the individual level, one needs only to agree to meet with the client and then proceed to do so according to the individual needs and capacity of the client. However, when one considers the group environment, wherein the psychologist collectively works with several patients who are also encouraged to work with one another, client selection in particular can be made all the more difficult. This paper compares the differences for the practicing psychologist in client selection at the individual level vs. the group level. The paper points out that all the the process is more complicated at the group level, there are also benefits to be had in the group session such as more voices and more interaction, which can be especially helpful in socialization cases or for mood improvement.
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Projective Testing and Client-Centered Therapy, 2004.
Questions the move in psycho-therapy of combining projective testing with client-centered therapy.
5,500 words (approx. 22.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
The work of Carl Rogers has contributed in substantial ways to the development of psychotherapy. There exists an extraordinarily extensive amount of writing about the value of his research, his clinical work, his methods, his style, and his profound impact on therapy. This paper poses the question, ?Could interpretation of projective testing aid the process of reflection and clarification of communication between client and therapist during client centered (Rogerian) therapy??. The paper provides a critical analysis of Rogers?s work and into ?projective testing? itself. There are many forms of projective testing and diverse opinions with reference to projective testing. This paper critiques and analyzes several of them, using existing research in order to best formulate an informed answer for the central question being posed.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Carl Rogers?s Life and the Seeds of his Interest in Psychology
Client-Centered Therapy and Listening to the Client
Professional Responses to and Critiques of Client-Centered Therapy
Process of Reflection and Clarification in Client-Centered Therapy
Projective Measures / Projective Testing: an Introduction
The History ? and Methods of ? Projective Testing
Six of the Best-Known Projective Tests
Zeroing in on Spurious Therapists and Rorschach Projective Testing
Rogerian Reflection and Projective Testing
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Sir Francis Galton is generally given credit for devising the first projective test, which the British explorer and intellectual researcher developed in 1879. His test consisted of a word-association challenge; subjects were given a set of words and asked to produce a ?first response? to each word. Following Galton?s work, Carl Jung ? a Swiss psychiatrist and renowned prot?g? of Freud ? utilized a word-association test in combination with blood pressure measuring devices to detect what he called ?complexes.? Those complexes were ?constellations of feelings and thoughts organized around an emotionally charged issue? (Lilienfeld). And Jung believed that a ?delayed or physiologically pronounced response to a word? can indicate the existence of a complex."
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Client Centered Therapy, 2005.
An examination of the strength of client centered therapy.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 8 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses client centered therapy, a concept that was developed by Carl Rogers throughout the 1940s and 50s. The paper explores how the focus of the therapy is on the client, as the therapist allows the client to discuss issues within his or her life. Through the client's own words he or she is capable of discovering answers to life issues, being supported by the therapist through questions and answer, clarification of thoughts, or restating situations. The paper further discusses how client-centered therapy is a non-directed approach in which the therapist allows the client to talk and discuss answers by themselves.
From the Paper
"Events in life can often lead the individual to doubt whether he or she has any control over the present or the future. As conditions mount at different crossroads of existence, the feeling or powerlessness begins to extend into every realm of being. This was the condition of this writer's world a few years ago after a painful divorce and the death of my father. It was at that time, therefore, that counseling seemed the only method of recovery. The initial point of attending therapy was to be capable of handling that moment in time. What was discovered, however, was that I had not lost the power to control my world; I had only briefly lost my way."
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Psychological Assessment, 2005.
Explains the meaning and significance of psychological assessments.
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
Psychological assessment is a broad term referring to a variety of procedures and instruments that psychologists use to diagnose clients and ascertain their progress in therapy. This paper provides an overview of issues related to psychological assessments, including definition and different types such as testing.
From the Paper
"Assessments enable psychologists to label their clients using aids like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). However, when using labels, counselors have to be careful to not pigeonhole or otherwise be biased. Labels are helpful in offering some clear-cut solutions for specific problems, but labels can and should change over time as the client progresses with therapy. Assessments should be always be used with the ultimate aim of improving a client's life."
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Attorney-Client Relationship, 1990.
This paper discusses the attorney-client relationship: Definitions, theories and techniques of interviewing clients, counseling, legal analysis, objectives, communications and objectivity.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"An attorney's obligation to a client includes his or her duty to understand, counsel and solve the client's problems--not just the client's legal problems or the case. Interviewing and counseling are more than two simple steps in the "lawyering process." Whether the client is involved in a civil or criminal matter, the interviewing (the task of gathering information) and counseling (the task of formulating solutions) processes are the cornerstone of the attorney-client relationship.
Attorneys need to establish effective relationships with clients, learn how clients view their problems, goals and expectations and assist them in understanding to make informed choices. If an attorney does not have a good relationship with the client, the relationship will not enable a successful conclusion to the matter."
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The Counselor-Client Relationship, 2007.
A discussion of the impact counselor gender has on the counselor-client relationship.
2,274 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes several studies regarding the influence of gender on the counselor - client relationship. In particular, the studies draw attention to the importance of looking at gender in the counselor-client relationship and its impact on behavior change. In particular, the author uses the stages of changes of the transtheoretical model to explore the ability of a client to change. The theory is described at length and according to its various stages. The paper concludes with a consideration of male psychotherapy clients and their perceptions and willingness to change.
From the Paper
"Research studies with respect to gender in counseling vis-a-vis the impact of a counselor's gender in a client's ability to change have been sparse and equivocal showing a need for further research in the area. Of the studies that have been done with respect to the impact of gender in counseling focused on matching counselor and client based on a number of variables such as ethnicity, gender, and language (Hall, Guterman, et al., 2002). Such studies usually focused on only one ethnic group. Some studies focused clients' preference for specific counselor characteristics. Other studies focused on predicting client expectations in counseling (Robitschek & Hershberger, 2005). There have also been studies investigating the interaction of male clients' characteristics and male counselors' gender role conflict as a basis for counselor bias (Wisch, 1997). Wisch (1997) noted a number of theoretical works that point to the significance of a counselor's gender as a potential influence on the counseling process."
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Client Profile, 2005.
A discussion on the difficulties on constructing a client profile.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses one of the aspects of social work that is extremely challenging, which is to create a profile of a client in a manner that is readable and conveys the circumstances of the client that has contributed to their status as an at-risk individual. It explains that while it is easy to create a profile that explores the problems faced by the client, it is difficult to create one in which a rationale for the client past present and future decision making processes are evident.
From the Paper
"One of the aspects of social work that is extremely challenging is to create a profile of a client in a manner that is readable and conveys the circumstances of the client that has contributed to their status as an at-risk individual. However, while it is easy to create a profile that explores the problems faced by the client, it is difficult to create one in which a rationale for the client's past, present, and future decision-making processes are evident. In order to better understand the client's motivation, it is necessary that these processes be fully explored and integrated into the client's case profile. This current paper is a practice exercise in exploring the motivation of a fictional client, Clarice, and the conditions of her case, and is written in the first person. The Setting The setting in which the client was approached is Leeward Hall, an ..."
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A Psychological Case Formulation, 2007.
This paper analyzes and suggests appropriate treatment in the case of Susana Kaysen, a real person who wrote the memoir "Girl, Interrupted", which was made into a motion picture.
3,760 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that psychotherapy case formulation, which is a hypothesis about the causes, precipitants, and maintaining influences of a person's psychological, interpersonal and behavioral problems, is vital for clients; however, it is not routinely utilized and rarely integrated into the written record. The author posits that Susana's diagnosis is chronic post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD ) (Axis I) and borderline personality disorder (Axis II). The paper explains that the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) will prove helpful in appraising Susana's social, psychological and occupational functional abilities for planning her treatment, measuring her treatment's impact, and projecting the expected outcome of her treatment. The paper includes many quotations and tables.
Client Biography: Susana's Story
I See . . .
Strengths and Weaknesses: Susana's Sustenance
Recognizing Strengths
Identifying Enemies
Nature of Functioning: Susana's Perceived Abilities
Frequent Flashbacks
Diagnosis: Susana's Inquest
Beautiful Skin: "Disfigured" Inside
Global Assessment of Functioning Scale.
Treatment Plan: Susana's Path Back to Sanity
To Get Rid of the S . . .
From the Paper
"Susana reportedly experiences ongoing conflict with her mother and father, as evidenced by numerous negative remarks about them. During Susana's early childhood, an incident occurs where she is injured and has to wear a cast for several months. She recalls being placed on a board for one trip with her family. At one point, Susana states that she does not want to "end" up like her mother. At her high school graduation ceremony, when Susana remains affixed to seat while her name is being announced, Susana's parents contribute her lack of responsiveness to "another one of her stunts," ..."
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Client/Server Computing, 2006.
A look at the history of client/server architecture.
2,197 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of client/server computing from its inception in the 1980s as a reference to personal computers on a network. It charts its development over the past couple of decades and concludes that client/server still remains the only and best architecture for taking advantage of the Internet and other new technologies that come along. It also contends that regardless of what comes, client/server computing is likely to remain the underpinning for most computing developments over the next decade.
From the Paper
"Although both the mainframe and file server-based systems continue to provide service to business, they fail to provide a truly scalable framework for building competitive business solutions. The major factor is that logic must be executed on either the mainframe in a centralized architecture, or on the client in a file server-based architecture. Because of the limitations of mainframe and file sharing architectures, the client/server architecture emerged. This approach introduced a database server to replace the file server. Using a relational database management system (DBMS), user queries could be answered directly. The client/server architecture reduced network traffic by providing a query response rather than total file transfer. It improves multi-user updating through a GUI front end to a shared database. "
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Evaluating New Clients, 2002.
A study into the way new clients are evaluated in health and fitness studios.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
An essay which examines the process by which new clients are evaluated in health and fitness facilities by trained staff and/or personal trainers. It begins by examining the various measurement tools for carrying out client evaluations and then goes on to discuss practical strategies for implementing the results of those evaluations into an overall fitness program for clients.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, evaluations are common in all sectors of the health and fitness industry, including "corporate, commercial, clinical, and community" (Grantham et al. 474). Evaluations are also an on-going phenomena. That is, an initial evaluation will not be the first and last word in how a client's fitness regime is developed. Certainly, as time goes on, a given client's level of fitness and corresponding health-related needs will need to be monitored, re-evaluated, and constantly altered, wherever the need arises. A steady health and exercise regime will result in enormous changes to a client's physical body. With those changes in mind a new set of objectives, or a new dimension to the exercises, can be more easily integrated into the overall program."
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| Term Paper # 36370 |
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