| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "PROFESSINAL FOOTBALL GAME": |
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"Inside Game/Outside Game", 2005.
A review of David Rusk's book, "Inside Game / Outside Game: Winning Strategies for Saving Urban America".
1,481 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how Rusk's book is an insightful and well-researched addition to the current understanding of urban management and public administration. The writer explains that Rusk argues convincingly that improvement in inner city neighborhoods can only come from a coordinated effort that includes regional approaches to reducing suburban growth, the concentration of poverty, and financial differences.
From the Paper
"In Inside Game / Outside Game, Rusk argues for reform of metropolitan regions based on the interrelationship between urban management and management of other, outside concerns, like taxation, suburban growth, and housing practices. Rusk argues that revitalization of neighborhoods, affordable housing, preservation of open space and fiscal policy reform are closely related. As such, changes in factors like taxation or housing practices can have a profound effect in urban neighborhoods."
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Football, 2002.
A descriptive story on a typical football game in Alabama
944 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the magnitude of importance football has in the American South. The paper uses many adjectives pertaining toward the subject.
From the Paper
"It is third down and long. The quarterback is under center, and his receivers are split out wide. He takes the snap, fakes the hand-off, and drops back into the pocket. He surveys the defense, and fires a perfect strike into the back of the end zone for the game -winning touchdown. Victory! Daleville High School defeats Enterprise High School for the first time ever. His teammates hoist the quarterback onto their shoulders, and jubilantly carry him off the field. Abruptly, the dream changes. He drops back in the pocket, releases the ball, and it is intercepted. Suddenly, the young man awakens and gratefully realizes he is only dreaming. With sweat beading on his forehead, he props back on his pillows and contemplates the next night?s big game. (Deep in Southeast Alabama the magnitude of the football rivalry between the Daleville Warhawks and the Enterprise Wildcats can be understood through the sights, sounds, and smells.)"
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Football Morals, 2005.
A look at fair play and cheating in football with direct reference to Arsenal Vs Manchester United, 25th November 2004.
2,229 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper examines two major incidents that had a profound and negative effect on the football match Arsenal vs. Manchester United, 25th November 2004 and its outcome. It looks a how the first is the continuous intentional rule violations that the Manchester United players were guilty of, which dramatically reduced the footballing standard of the game. It also discusses the manner in which the game was won, a penalty decision.
From the Paper
"When we advance our investigation into intentional rule violations further, we find that some forms of it are classified as cheating. According to Loland "cheating is an attempt to gain an advantage by violating the shared interpretation of the basic rules of the parties engaged without being caught and held responsible for it. The goal of the cheater is that the advantage gained is not eliminated or compensated for". Most commentators find cheating both logically and morally completely unacceptable since it is an exploitation of those who are competing in good faith by intentionally trying to gain an illicit advantage. The incompatibility thesis states that it is logically impossible to win games if you cheat."
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The Markets and Football, 2006.
A look at market efficiency and the national football league.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines the market efficiencies that can be seen in the national football league. In particular, he looks at the wagering systems that are used. He examines a few case studies, and uses these to try and explain how the odds and efficiencies of the markets are determined. He especially relates all of his points to wagering on football games, looking at all of the elements which will add to efficiencies of betting. Further to this, the author looks at the stock market, taking certain examples to emphasize his discussions. In conclusion, the author summarizes the two main theories of market efficiencies, the random walk theory and select strategies.
Table of Contents
Efficiency and Football Wagering
Additional Evidence of Inefficiency
From Bachelier to Bookmakers
From the Paper
"After noting that totals bets tend to attract more attention when two high-scoring teams are playing each other, Paul and Weinbach point out that "rooting for scoring tends to be easier than cheering for a lack of scoring." With these two factors in mind, the authors theorize that bettor psychology may push totals too high, making the "under" a consistently profitable wager. To test this hypothesis, Paul and Weinbach examine the entire sample of NFL totals from 1979 to 2000. And as the table below indicates, the under indeed won with a frequency that calls the efficiency of the totals market into question - particularly in games where the total was significantly higher than average."
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The Commercialization of Football, 2003.
An analysis of the benefits of the commercialization of football.
2,046 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the commercialization of football has benefited the game and pushes players to being the very best. It looks at how it has improved the quality of the game and given talented players the opportunity to make the most of their capabilities, with the final benefit going to national teams because of the experience that players have gained from training and playing with the best clubs in the world.
From the Paper
"The commercialization of football teams is not only important for the team itself, but it is important from the economic point of view. As Kevin Roberts says in the "Global Game," which was published by Football Culture, "in our shrunken, money-driven world, talent is the most prized commodity of them all" (Roberts qtd in "The Global Game"). The player who has this "commodity" has the right to sell it to the highest buyer. Professional sports are an area for very great business profits. In 1996, it was calculated that the people spent over 25 billion dollars a year on sports goods and "sports related expenditures" (Linberry 19). This figure does not include the sales profits made from marketing products during sporting events or through the backing of a popular athlete (19)."
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Football in Canada and the U.S., 2005.
A look at the Canadian Football League (CFL) compared to the American's National Football League (NFL).
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The differences between American football and Canadian football differ in all areas almost making them completely different games. It explains that the CFL has been misinterpreted as not on the same level as the NFL. In Canada, the CFL is highly regarded and considered a much better game to watch than the NFL. The writer compares certain rules and formats which highlight these differences. It shows that with the differences in play and the rules highlighted, the NFL format seems to be the easier of the two to play.
From the Paper
"If the offensive team loses a ball during play or fumbles the ball, the last team to posses the ball before going out of bounds gains possession in the NFL whereas the last team to touch the ball before it goes out of bounds gains possession in the CFL. A touchdown is scored when any player enters the end zone with the football. If the offensive team chooses, they can get close to the end zone and kick the ball for a field goal. A missed field goal in the CFL is considered live and if the ball is not returned out of the end zone the kicking team receives a point called "rouge" <http://www.football.com/rulesdiff/index.shtml>. The team coming out of the end zone with the missed field goal attempt can return the ball all the way for a touchdown or take possession where the player was downed."
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Mass Media and Professional Football, 2005.
This paper discusses the influence of mass media on professional sports, focusing on football. Includes three-page outline.
3,775 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
The research studies the changes that have developed in sports over the past decades and argues that globalization and capitalism are responsible for this change. The mass media has brought these matches into the homes, and this means that the excitement of viewing them live is no longer just limited to those who can afford a ticket or find one. In this way, especially with the development of satellite channels, the whole world is the audience of a football match. This has placed tremendous pressure on the players to perform to the best of their ability and more. The paper shows that media coverage of sports may have caused many players to retire early or to live insecurely due to death threats against them or their families, but it appears to have improved the quality of such games as football. To prove this, the writer look at statistics on the performance of the top players before the media age and top players in this media age. It proves that media has improved the quality of sports, but has removed from it the idea of clean competition and even player loyalties to their clubs or national teams. These players now go after the highest bidder, and it is difficult to keep track of who is playing for which side. Accordingly, the media has transformed sports into a financial game, and it is no longer an athletic one. As a support for the argument that money rather than playing well for the love of the sport itself is the main motivation of the performance of players and clubs, the writer finds statistics on the profits that clubs make through winning and the losses that they suffer by getting beaten. Furthermore, it finds statistics on the salaries of the top players and how their performance affects the terms of the renewal of their contracts. Additionally, the writer finds out how much sponsors and advertisers pay for the presence of their ads during games or their logos on the players' clothes.
From the Paper
"We are now living in a world of instant media communication in which the way that different countries and people interact with each other has greatly changed. The mass media has entered every area of life and covers almost all events, whether large or small. Sports are one area that has received a great amount of media attention, and that attention has changed the nature of some sports such as football. Essentially, that change can be described as the internationalization, or the globalization of football in the sense that the characteristic of the national team has changed forever through the inclusion of foreign players. Media's concentration on football and its live coverage of games has globalized this sport, or made it international. The consequence has been the improvement of the quality of the game, and the potential development if closer cultural understanding between different ethnic groups as a consequence of the diverse ethnic composition of teams and supporters. Some, however, such as the anonymous author of "An English Case Study," published in The Economist, argue that globalization has weakened the development of local footballer talent in countries as the United Kingdom but, on the contrary, the import of foreign talent has improved the performance of many teams, increased their clubs' profits, and uplifted the quality of the game, further rewarding deserving players with experience and money."
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Football in the Sultanate of Oman, 2008.
A research paper analyzing the influences, problems and developmental issues associated with football professionalism in the Sultanate of Oman.
9,694 words (approx. 38.8 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the problematic issue of the professional football industry in Oman. The paper relates that, today, professional sports are a multi-billion dollar global industry, and professional athletes stand to earn enormous sums participating in a wide range of sporting events. Top among these professional sports, of course, is the most popular sport in the world, soccer, or football as it is known outside the United States. The primary importance of professional sports, though, relates more to the social and cultural impact that these events can have in galvanizing an entire nation to become one in their support for their teams, and emotions run high as these competitions become the source of fierce international rivalries. In this environment, there is much at stake beyond the economic impact of professional sports, but the influences and typical problems encountered among professional athletes as they gain prominence in their respective sports remains an understudied area in general and particularly as they apply to the Sultanate of Oman today. This paper researches the position of the football professionalism in the Sultanate of Oman and identifies the factors and issues that affect the development, management, and marketing of this sport today. To this end, a critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly, organizational and governmental literature is accompanied by a survey of young people in Oman concerning their perspectives and attitudes towards professional football. Salient conclusions and recommendations are provided in the concluding chapter. Several appendices, tables and charts are included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Because soccer represents such an important component of many nation's economy and international prestige, understand how young people view these events is just good business sense from a marketing perspective. Moreover, gaining additional insights into what compels some young players to become professional athletes can help sports medicine providers develop more timely and improved regimens to help these young players accomplish their professional goals. Although these issues are clearly important ones, they remain understudied in the peer-reviewed literature. For instance, Karen and Washington (2001) emphasize that despite its economic and cultural importance in the social realms, sports in general remain a relatively neglected and undertheorized area of sociological research today. Likewise, Beam, Serwatka and Wilson also note that, "Past applications of the multidimensional model of leadership and its associated scales to the intercollegiate setting have yielded some interesting but incomplete results" (p. 3). Therefore, this study will fill in some existing gaps in the extant literature concerning how young people regard professional sports in general and professional football in particular."
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Italy?s Serie A Football Team, 2004.
A history and overview of Italy?s Serie A football team.
7,419 words (approx. 29.7 pages), 30 sources, MLA, $ 163.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Italian Football League, or ?Lega Calcio?, dates back to 1946 and describes what comprises the teams of Serie A in Italian football. It identifies the business drivers for the sport, the characteristics of the teams, the motivation of sponsors, and the formula for revenue. It also looks at how the business model has changed over time from a customer-centered model to a shareholder-driven one and how nowhere was this more evident than during the postponement of the 2002-2003 season because of pay-per-view contract issues.
Outline
Italy?s Serie A Football League: A Brief History
Italian Serie A and B
The Business of Football
Sponsorship
Shirt Sponsorships
Player Contracts
Wages
Revenues
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix A ? Sports Classifications
From the Paper
"With the advent of television, a venue for was created for pro football players to showcase commercial products. In 1951 Stanley Matthews (the first pro football player to be knighted) received ?20 a week from CWS (Co operative society) for sporting football boots. At this time, however, most players were tied to their clubs, bound to a maximum wage and abiding by the retain-and-transfer contract system, necessitating that they keep their ?day? jobs. When England hosted the World Cup Finals in 1966, the ceiling for the maximum wage was lifted. It was at this time a mascot entered the fray, the tournament was effectively ?branded?, and the first superstar, George Best was born. (Critcher, 1991) An official song was created for the tournament, replica ?World Cup Willy? Lions were sold, and approximately 400 million people world wide watched the TV coverage."
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Football in America, 2002.
Shows how football in the United States has become a cultural icon.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of football in the United States in terms of its impact as popular culture. It traces football's origins and the reasons for its current prominence. It identifies ways in which football both preserves and transmits fundamental popular myths about everything from gender roles to diplomacy.
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The Science of Football, 2005.
This paper examines and explains the physics of kicking a football.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper handles the physical issues of drag and terminal speed within the context of throwing and kicking a football. The paper approaches the topic as if the world on the surface of the earth is a uniform fluid and anything moving through this fluid is subject to the force of drag. Accordingly, the paper explains that moving footballs must deal with these forces in specific ways in order to travel the greatest distance.
From the Paper
"Any time an object moves through a fluid it is subject to a retarding force acting opposite to the direction in which it is traveling. This force is called drag and since our atmosphere is essentially a fluid, every object we observe to be moving relative to the atmosphere is experiencing drag. Generally, drag tends to reduce the speed of any moving object and in some situations is just considered to be friction. However, quite unlike friction, "The drag force increases as the speed of the object increases," (Tipler 133). In fact, "At low speeds, the drag force is approximately proportional to the speed of the object; at higher speeds, it is more nearly the square of the speed," (Tipler 133)."
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Financial Status: Sheffield United Football Club., 2002.
This master's paper begins by introducing the Sheffield United Football Club and goes on to discuss its current financial position.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This master's paper begins by introducing the Sheffield United Football Club and goes on to discuss its current financial position in the light of latest figures from 2002 financial statements. The paper ends by giving recommendations regarding the same.
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Football in American Society, 2002.
A look at the positive impact of football as a sport on American society.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper will highlight some of the ways that football influences society and its frame of mind. By revealing the nature of the sport, the way that the media uses it in the field of society, and how the sport is a way to teach children how to become more athletic will be shown here. By revealing these differing aspects of the sport, we can see not only how the sports functions in society, but how the sport itself runs in light of this reflection. By revealing the violent nature, which can sometimes be negative, we can also show, for the most part, how it can have a positive affect on the peoples of the American society.
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Anthropological Ethnography: The Ritual of Football, 2006.
A discussion regarding the impact of the football culture.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the sociological and anthropological implications inherent in the commonplace ritual of a youth football match. Particularly, the paper describes a recent match involving two teams that coincidentally happened to have certain ethnic majorities on their roster. The paper examines why winning this match was so important to the parents and families of the children, and the paper also looks at the social organization, cultural economy, language, and semiotics of the soccer match ritual with an eye towards determining the greater truths and significances it holds.
From the Paper
"It is often said that to truly understand cultures (and human beings more generally) it is necessary to review the rituals in which they participate. The following paper will focus upon one such ritual - namely, the ritual of the local soccer or "football" game which so often takes place at the near-by park or recreational center. In so doing, the paper will explore the social organization, cultural economy, language and semiotics of the ritual with the hope that the reader will be left with a better understanding of the deeper significances and structures which turn the every-day soccer or "football" match into a rich harvest for cultural anthropologists."
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A New Football Stadium for Guildford, 2005.
A contemporary planning issue for Guildford, England and a proposal for a new football stadium.
2,421 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the wider issues of interaction between public, planning and politics and views the interaction of the three within the context a controversial development proposal - plans for a new football stadium in Guildford. The main inputs from politicians, the people and the planning system are discussed at various stages at the planning process.
From the Paper
"Guildford is a town that has seen the relative decline of its football abilities. The application was made as a direct response to the wish of AFC Guildford to progress to the Nationwide Conference League. The club currently play on the pitch at the centre of the running track at the Spectrum Leisure Centre. The track however is not capable of being upgraded to the requirements of the Conference football league. There is an area of green land adjacent to the Spectrum Leisure Centre, which it was felt could possibly accommodate better facilities. With these historical and practical issues in mind the planning application for a new stadium was submitted in February 2004. The stadium would be built by the Trinity Investment Co. Ltd on behalf of AFC Guildford. Such a large scale and controversial issue could not be decided within the normal eight week deadline. The application was concluded in January 2005."
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