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Procedural Rights, 2006.
Discusses three cases where a person's procedural rights were violated.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three cases where a person's procedural rights were violated. In one, an illegal, warrantless search and seizure violating 4th and 14th Amendment rights; in the second an illegal warrant issued on information from an unproved informant violating 4th amendment rights, and in the third, a violation of 5th amendment rights in four cases where suspects were interrogated without being mirandized.
From the Paper
"Mapp v Ohio Criminal Procedure Constitution and Society: In this case the police went to Mrs Mapp's residence on a tip that a suspected gambler involved in a bombing was residing there. They did not have a warrant so she refused to let them in ..."
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The Bill of Rights, 2006.
A review and discussion regarding the U.S. Bill of Rights.
1,841 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the U.S. Bill of Rights. According to the paper, the Bill of Rights defines procedural rights added to the Constitution. The paper discusses how, under the Fourth Amendment, individual's are protected against unreasonable search and seizures without probable cause. The paper goes on to say that the Fifth Amendment ensures due process, and prohibits self-incrimination and double jeopardy, fair compensation for private property taken by the government and indictment by grand jury. The paper also reviews the Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Amendments.
Outline:
Introduction
Fourth Amendment
Fifth Amendment
Sixth Amendment
Seventh Amendment
Eighth Amendment
Modifying the Eighth Amendment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Upon founding a new country, we would insist that this right be kept. It is necessary for there to be a system that embraces due process. A speedy and public trial will ensure that the accused doen not spend an unreasonable time in jail prior to trial. This could be considered torture, especially if the accused is innocent."
"The Sixth Amendment is a right that allows for all people to be considered equal under that law until proven otherwise. When determining whether to take a man or a woman's right to life and liberty, there has to be a strict standard that is followed to ensure that those rights are not taken away unnecessarily."
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The Ninth Article of Bill of Rights, 2005.
This paper discusses the Ninth Article of the Bill of Rights, commonly known as the seventh amendment, which grants citizens a right to jury trial in civil cases according to common law procedures.
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the biggest issue concerning the Seventh Amendment is the division of powers between the jury and the judge; the Court has declared it constitutionally correct for a judge to express his opinion on the facts presented during the case with the condition that these facts are eventually referred to the jury. The author points out that an indirect change to the article was made during Colgrove vs. Battin, when the Court decided that it was permissible to have a jury consisting of six persons instead of twelve. The paper relates that the re-examination or review clause is not restricted to federal courts only but covers state as well as Supreme Court; however, it also is stated that in cases where the Court finds violation of constitutional rights, facts can be reviewed and re-examined.
From the Paper
"The right can be waived by the parties themselves. The parties may submit the case to the jury and ask for waiver of their right to a jury. This can be done by presenting a statement of facts to the court. Congress had provided for waiver of right before Federal rules were adopted and had allowed "for the trial of issues of fact in civil cases by the court without the intervention of a jury, only when the parties waive their right to a jury by a stipulation in writing.'' Even after the adoption of Federal Rules, this right is still granted but there is a specific procedure to follow."
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U.N. Human Rights Commission Implementation Flaws, 2002.
Discusses various problems connected with implementation frailties and exposes the consequences of such weak strategies.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
Human Rights Commission was formed by the United Nations to monitor the activities of member states especially the ones with poor human rights conditions. But over the years, it has been noticed that United Nations has failed to exercise its influence on countries that have been blatantly violating provisions of human rights Charter. When we delve deeper into this issue, we learn that the real cause of this failure is inherent flaws in the implementation strategies. Not only has the organization failed to make its various operations more efficient, it is also been accused of granting membership without following proper screening procedures. The paper discusses these problems and others.
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Property Rights in the Digital Age, 2005.
An analysis of the need for global harmonisation in international copyright laws and procedure in the digital age.
11,081 words (approx. 44.3 pages), 34 sources, APA, $ 218.95
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Abstract
Information Technology communication brings with it the challenges which have beset the human race since their initial attempts to interact upon a social and trading basis. This paper examines the idea that intellectual property throughout the world needs to be harmonised with the protection of a creators rights protected by a more codified international agenda.
Outline
Introduction: Why the Harmonisation of Copyright Laws and Systems is Important Especially in the Digital Age
The Main Issues of Current Copyright Protection in the Digital Age The Transformation of International Copyright Through International Treaties
The Obstacles in the Way of a Global Copyright System
Conclusion: The Future of International Copyright Laws -Further Harmonisation
From the Paper
"Information Technology communication brings with it the challenges which have beset the human race since their initial attempts to interact upon a social and trading basis. As democratic governance involves public debate and open decision-making, the organisation of interests groups, and the free exchange of ideas, opinions and information is essential. To a greater degree than ever, open media provides a critical measure of progress towards democracy. Access to information and the right to freedom of expression are central elements in ensuring the voice and participation necessary for the development of a democratic, civil society."
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The Rights to Access and Privacy, 2005.
This article discusses the legal limitations on photojournalists.
1,328 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This article reflects the legal limitations faced by photojournalists in their work. The writer maintains that the area of law which applies to photojournalists is quite complex and constantly changes in order to meet the changing needs of society. The writer notes that as a general guide, the most common of these legal restrictions can be divided into five categories: access, privacy, libel, procedure and copyright. However, a photojournalist's ability to take newsworthy photographs most specifically depends on the limitations in the rights to access and to privacy. The writer discusses the law on this matter and the paper mentions different cases regarding photographs in journalism.
Contents:
Introduction
Part I: Right to Access
Part II: Right to Privacy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"However, like Gabriel Tait, photojournalists, despite any status as members of the press, can be arrested if they are believed to be interfering with an emergency or a government operation. Courts have long since established that journalists have limited access to certain areas, which can generally be divided into the two categories of public and private property.
Public property such as public schools, fire departments, and post offices are under the control of government agencies. Photography in areas such as these is prohibited unless permission is expressly granted to the photojournalist. In courtrooms, however, while under government authority, the limitations on press coverage of court proceedings is varied from state to state. The choice was given to each individual state's higher court to "promulgate standards and guidelines regulating radio, television, and other photographic coverage of court proceedings" in 1982 by the American Bar Association."
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Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge in Mathematics, 2002.
A look at how theoretical difference can be extended to the understanding and solving of actual mathematical problems.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper is written on conceptual and procedural knowledge in mathematics. Procedural knowledge-or more appropriately skills-refers to the ability to physically solve a problem through the manipulation of mathematical skills: with pencil and paper, calculator, computer, etc. There is thus, in a theoretical sense, a difference between conceptual and procedural knowledge in mathematics.
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Family Presence during Procedures, 2004.
An examination of the issue of family presence during medical procedures.
2,052 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that one of the central problem areas in nursing is dealing with family presence in medical and procedural situations. This area is particularly problematic when the procedures involve critical and terminal health care issues. Various perspectives and studies state that the presence of family members at procedures can be both advantageous and disadvantageous in terms of medical and health care. The situation may also be compounded by ethical and moral considerations in the case of critical, terminal health care situations, such as resuscitation, where the family may feel that they have a moral right to be present during any procedures. This paper provides a critical overview of the development of these different views through a synthesis of the wide range of literature on the subject. The paper provides a clear exposition of the problematics of the issue of family presence, as well as an overview of the possible solutions to this often controversial issue.
From the Paper
"The history of hospital policy towards family presence has been generally to prevent or to frown upon the presence of family members at critical procedures. However, this view has been reassessed in recent years and there is nowadays a strong trend towards the inclusion of family members in some procedures. Many researchers and nursing professionals see the presence of family members as a positive factor in the healing and health care process. However, there are many other studies which refer to the negative aspects of family presence. These studies point out that the nurse is often placed in a situation, when there is no specified policy, which requires delicate decision making. The nurse may find that he or she has to decide between the desires and demands of family members and medical and ethical requirements."
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"Criminal Procedure for the Criminal Justice Professional", 2005.
This paper is a book review of John Ferdico's "Criminal Procedure for the Criminal Justice Professional".
2,545 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, according to Ferdico, the law of criminal procedure can be described as rules designed to balance the important government functions of maintaining law and order and protecting the rights of citizens. The author points out that the "plain-view" doctrine is the procedure or rule that guides the officer in making a search of an individual or their property and in making an arrest of an individual; items in "plain view" or out in the open for view, may be seized by police in evidence in making an arrest for illegal possession of drugs and weapons. The paper concludes that Ferdico not only understands but also explains thoroughly arrest, questioning and processing procedures as well as the trial and case proceedings which are required by law enforcement, prosecution and defense in the 'criminal court procedures'.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Right to a Fair Hearing/Trial
Double Jeopardy
Arrest Warrant
Probable Cause
Use of Force
The Standard of "Reasonableness"
Plain-view Doctrine
The Carroll Doctrine
Escobedo and Miranda
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ferdico relates that there exists a conflict since the more "emphasis on maintaining law and order" ends up involving "greater intrusions" in the lives and in relation to the rights of the individual. In other words, policies of the government that are originally focused toward protection of the individual and maintaining law and order in the community may very well result in increased breaking and disrespect of the law that sought to protect. Ferdico next gives the history of the development of U.S. law relating the historical facts concerning the U.S. Constitution and the accompanying Bill of Rights. The laws governing rules and procedures and protecting the rights of the individual are based on the principles of Constitution in the United States of America, which is a country governed by democracy."
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The Federal Sentencing Guidelines and Procedures, 2002.
This paper creates a paradigm of our criminal justice system, the federal sentencing guidelines and procedures.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes and examines the multitude of issues related to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines and Procedures. The author discusses issues concerning crime in general and gives an overview and evaluation of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines and Procedures. This paper concludes with recommendations for resolving the crime problem and improving the Federal Sentencing Guidelines and Procedures.
From the Paper
"Since the early 1970s, no public problem has worried Americans more persistently than crime. When individuals are asked in opinion surveys to list the problems that concern them most, the threat of crime typically comes at or near the top of the list. However, when the same people list the issues on which they will decide which candidate to vote for, crime usually comes behind half-a-dozen other subjects. The most likely explanation for why individuals are so concerned about crime is that crime extends wide and far, impacting individuals and society on an emotional, financial, and physical level. Additionally, crime intrigues academics as well as politicians because despite the vast expenditures on multiple programs and theories, there has not been any concrete, tried and proven answer regarding how to solve crime."
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Workplace Grievance Procedures, 2008.
This paper explores formal and informal grievance procedures in the workplace.
1,758 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper defines a grievance as an expression of dissatisfaction or a complaint about an employment or workplace situation by a staff member, a group of employees or a union. The paper then discusses formal and informal grievance procedures and details the steps involved in investigating a workplace grievance. The paper also looks at a grievance complaint filed by a Potts Point Deli employee and discusses the subsequent investigation and outcome.
Outline:
A Grievance
Formal Grievance Procedures
Informal Grievance Procedures
Steps Involved in Investigating a Workplace Grievance
Cost of Unresolved Grievance
The Potts Point Incident
From the Paper
"A Grievance is an expression of dissatisfaction or a complaint about an employment or workplace situation by a staff member, or a group of employees or a union (NSW Department of Commerce 2007). It can be against the employer, a fellow employee, or may be related to perceived unfair treatment, health and safety issues, a workplace conflict, harassment, and/or bullying. In fact, such behaviors such as workplace bullying can garner "legal claims that may be initiated by bullied workers" (Cooper, Einarsen, Hoel, & Zapf 2002, p. 400). Additionally, Australia's federal Sex Discrimination Act 1984 prohibits sexual harassment in the workplace, defined as unwelcome sexual advances, or request for sexual favours, or unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature toward the harassed person (Cooper, Enarsen, Hoel, & Zapf 2002, p. 402)."
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Attorney Disciplinary Procedures, 2006.
A discussion of the role of the State Bar in attorney disciplinary procedures.
2,260 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at possible reforms to improve attorney disciplinary procedures. The paper points out that the American Bar Association has a code of professional responsibility by which attorneys must abide. Some of the general principles this code addresses are individual justice, distributive justice, truthfulness, and trust worthiness. The paper concludes that actively becoming aware of unethical procedures in law, along with participation of the public in the awareness, can help resolve some of the problems.
From the Paper
"One particular unethical conduct that states bars will not tolerate include lawyers who do not pay child support. In the Atlanta Journal Constitution it was reported in May of 2005 an attorney was ordered to pay $29,100 in monthly child support. This case marked the highest child support judgment ever issued to date for Georgia (Cook). Under OCGA 1968-28 the lawyer's license to practice law can be suspended. Once the attorney has met requirements of Bar Rule 1-209, their suspension will be revoked (Unknown 1). In this particular case, the attorney had "estimated stakes in his law firm to be worth over $20 million" and the courts made sure he paid every penny of child support to his children."
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CPR Procedures and Family Presence, 2005.
A research proposal on the issue of family presence during CPR procedures.
1,889 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to study the topic of CPR and family presence from a perspective of a medical wellness need from both a nursing and physician point of view. The paper also researches the area of patient response to family involvement in CPR actions along with the primary objective of family presence during CPR procedures.
Problem Statement and Rationale
Research Question
Proposed Testable Hypotheses
Proposed Research Design
Investigative Variables
Research Assumptions
Definition of Terms
Sampling Procedure
Measurement Instrument
Study Limitation
Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations
From the Paper
"The practice of medicine is oftentimes a stressful encounter, a grueling practice, and a crucial time wherein split second decisions must be made. As such medical practitioners are oftentimes at odds not only with respect to the type of patient resuscitation needed but also who should perform the procedure and who should be present during the life-threatening situation. Agreement on any one of these tenets has never been totally garnered nor has there been any significant research investigation particularly into the concept of family presence during CPR. "
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Statistical Procedures, 2008.
A discussion of the content of "Statistical Procedures and the Justification of Knowledge in Psychological Science," written by R. Rosnow and R. Rosenthal, analyzed through three readings of the article.
1,182 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents three readings of the article, "Statistical Procedures and the Justification of Knowledge in Psychological Science," written by R. Rosnow and R. Rosenthal. It provides a quick overview of common problems in the first reading, discusses the problems that they highlight in the second reading and discusses the suggestions that they propose in the third reading.
Table of Contents:
First Reading
Second Reading
Third Reading
From the Paper
"On a positive note, Rosnow and Rosenthal offer a number of suggestions for improving academic research. First, they claim that meta-analysis is needed in order to determine the true relationships behind data, and not just new interpretations. The process for this is outlined as one in which researchers check each other's work and run new quantitative analyses on the same data in order to determine whether the data is in fact valid. The effort here should be to further research, not to nit pick. They point out that researchers should "cumulate data not conclusions." In doing so, they argue, researchers will improve the general condition of the professional approach to data because they will be forced to justify their own data in stronger terms (as others will be checking them). They also conclude that researchers will have to do their own legwork in compiling the reviews of literature and presume that this will help further the field as a whole because researchers will not rely on surface analysis and narrative reviews, but will instead apply more rigorous methods of analysis."
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?Procedures in the Justice System?, 2002.
An analysis of the book "Procedures in the Justice System" by Gilbert Stuckey et al., focusing on the theme of cruel and unusual punishment.
916 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Gilbert Stuckey et al.'s book "Procedures in the Justice System" which explores the underlying philosophy and history behind the concept of justice in depth. The paper shows how the authors endeavor to create a deep understanding of the American justice system and the need for law and order for all. The author of the paper surmises that the American justice system is a double-edge sword in dealing punishment that fits the crime and that there is room for improvement so that the system doesn't unintentionally work against the victim. The paper also focuses on cruel and unusual punishment.
From the Paper
"Our justice system is the mechanism for deterring crime?or so we think. Let's look at the facts. More than 1.5 million people are incarcerated in the United States today, .4% of the population Today, 25% or more of California inmates are incarcerated for drug related crimes. In the 1980s alone, 8% of the incarcerations were drug related and 57% were for violent crimes. And the statistics go on. So how effective is our justice system? Are we too lenient? Or are the loopholes of some of our laws preventing us from really curbing crime."
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