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The Globalization of Latin America, 2002.
This paper discusses that Latin America, a hybrid culture of traditions and modernities on a heterogeneous continent, is being changed by the process of globalization.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that globalization in Latin America uses many methods to build an autonomous modern culture rather than traditional evolution from traditional cultures to modernity. This paper presents the primary role of information and communication technology in generating and promoting hybrid cultures, economic growth and new forms of political participation and community. The author points out that Latin America is among the fastest areas for growth for the internet which brings the rest of the globe to this continent.
From the Paper
"Everyone, even skeptics, is amazed by the capabilities of this information access power. A single keyword can bring in many thousand sites on almost any field of concern ? food, travel, business, persons, entertainment, most anything. Web surfers can also choose the language of the material they are looking for. What used to be confidential communications can now be accessed, viewed and even downloaded. What does this magnificent voyage through cyberspace mean to Latin America? Everett begins with Francisco Sagasti?s notion of a ?global fractured order? in evaluating the implications of the internet on Latin America. Sagasti views the current age as characterized by a global but not integrated order. Through it, most people get in touch with one another, while simultaneously maintaining differences between groups of countries. Through it, a large portion of the world?s population is separated and deprived of the benefits gained by scientific advances and technological progress. Everett states that information does not always insure progress, nor integration assure equality."
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Globalization in Latin America, 2002.
This paper outlines the concept of modernization in Latin America, using the work of Garcia Marquez? ?One Hundred Years of Solitude? as an example of a modernist movement.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The following paper discusses the way in which Cancilini and Marquez both merely opened up the ideas of modernization in the midst of dark culture of the Latinos to make them realize that it is not about urbanization or industrialization. According to the author modernism or modernization is dependent on the ability of a nation to become receptive to liberal ideas, weigh the consequences and learn to appreciate their roots to integrate it in their futures.
From the Paper
?Cancilini summarizes modernization as ?we have had an exuberant modernism with deficient modernization. We have already seen this position in the citations from Paz and Cabrujas. It also circulates in other essays and in historical and sociological studies. Given the fact that we were colonized by the most backward European nations, subjected to the Counter Reformation and other antimodern movements, only with independence could be begin to bring our countries up to date. From then there have been waves of modernization.? Unless Latinos realize that liberalism is not only essential for their modernization, they will not be receptive of modernism. The world may have advanced manifolds in liberalizing its nations but the Latinos are still struggling to accept their status. One of the main causes as outlined by Cancilni is the fact that despite their constitutional freedom, the nations were still experiencing the vagaries of hundred years of imprisonment by the Europeans.?
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Globalization in Latin America, 2002.
A look at the effects of globalization on education and identity in Chile.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper details the processes of globalization and modernization which have emerged in the last two decades in Latin America. In particular, the outstanding effect of the cultural dominance of the global cultural affecting the cultures and education systems of Chile.
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The Problems of Globalization in Latin America, 2002.
A study of globalization in Mexico.
4,800 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that the most crucial globalization-related process in Mexico is the proliferation of maquiladoras - instruments for the exploitation of Mexican workers and the Mexican environment by multinational corporations. The paper concludes that globalization may be less to blame that the fact that the Mexican elites have been willing to pay any price to attract investment.
From the Paper
"Latin America presents a whole range of 'third world' countries which have adopted policies which have made them much more open to global capitalism. In almost every Latin American nation during the course of the 1980s, the economy was decisively altered on the assumption that participation in the global economy was the key to a steady rise to 'first world' status. However, not one Latin American country has made the leap. Mexico, whose efforts began in 1982, deserves attention as the country where such efforts have been consistently tried for twenty years. Mexico has been described, with justice, as 'a country living on a faultline of globalisation' (Loyes)."
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Environmental Problems in Latin America, 2008.
This paper looks at the pressing environmental issues of genetically modified crop cultivation and deforestation in Latin America, as well as possible solutions.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Latin America has been struggling with some serious environmental concerns over the last two decades. Air and water pollution, pesticide abuse, soil degradation and deforestation are some of the pressing issues in this part of the world. Furthermore, this paper looks at the case of Argentina to see how the country, which has been struggling through an economic crisis, has seen the bitter end of an environmental catastrophe, and its efforts at redeeming the situation. The drastic effects of genetically modified crop cultivation (in particular GM Soya) and deforestation, the two most important environmental issues, are assessed in this essay.
Outline:
Introduction
GM Soya (A boon or Bane?)
Deforestation
Solutions to Environmental Problems
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The FSC, developed after the Rio Digenero summit in 1992, focused on the increased global requirement and the depletion of natural resources. FSC is a non-profit organization that offers environmentally sound solutions for managing forests around the world. Asides playing an active supporting role in developing the national and regional forest management standards, the FSC also works with local certifiers to ensure FSC compliance standards are met. In Argentina, the FSC is playing an active monitoring role, and thus the rapid deforestation activities from the paper and other industries, which were thus far unchecked, would now be carefully monitored and assessed for their environmental impact. The Success of the FSC initiative can be attested by the fact that six plantation companies in the country namely Santa Barbara SRL, Faplac, Fiplasto, Forestal Las Marias, Lipsia, Tabepicua, and the Union Bank of Switzerland have become FSC certified bringing a total forest area of around 131,000 hectares under the FSC certification process."
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Cultural Patterns in America and Latin America, 2002.
A comparison of cultural patterns in North and Latin America.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
A 8-page paper outlining the cultural patterns that are existent today in America and Latin America and comparing how their differences could be resolved through common ground rules of interpersonal communication.
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Income Disparities in Latin America, 2002.
This paper discusses income disparities in Latin America: The history, main causes, the different countries, high-income disparities, ethnicity and gender, and possible solutions.
5,725 words (approx. 22.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, although inequality and high levels of income disparity represent major challenges confronting economists and leaders in many parts of the world, the problem is particularly severe in the Latin American countries. The author believes that the root of this phenomenon lies in the region's colonial history and the exploitation of the indigenous population as slave labor for agriculture and tapping the mines. The paper concludes that these stubborn patterns of inequality can be overcome if determined efforts are made to open political and social policies to all and to provide access by the poorer sections to social services. Footnotes.
Table of Contents
Income Disparities in Latin America
Measuring Inequality: Some Recent Studies
Latin America: How Unequal?
Income Disparity in Latin America: Getting Worse?
Is Poverty and Income Disparity Related?
Historical Roots of Inequality in Latin America
Comparison with Colonization of North America
Persisting Patterns of Inequality
Social, Economic and Political Changes in the 20th Century
Roles of Race, Ethnicity and Gender in Income Disparities
Racial Identification
Ethnic Identification
Identity Formation and Discrimination
Assets of Households
Access to Services
Average Incomes
What do the Race and Gender-Related Income Statistics Mean?
The Consequences of Inequality
Considered Unfair
Results in Greater Poverty
Affects Economic Growth
Current Backlash
Solutions for Reducing the Inequality in Latin America
More Open Political and Social Institutions
More Equitable Economic Institutions and Policies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Poverty and income disparity are not the same concepts. Poverty may decline in a country or region where income disparity is increasing. However, experience has shown that such a situation occurs rarely and inequality and poverty are closely related. This is because in a growing economy with stable levels of inequality, poverty invariably falls. As a result the Latin American region showed significant reduction in poverty levels in the 1970s, when its economies were growing with a corresponding drop in inequality. On the other hand, the 1980s saw a fall in incomes and more unequal income distribution?resulting in accelerated increase in poverty."
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"Open Veins of Latin America", 2005.
An analysis of the book by Eduardo Galeano about the economic situation in Latin America.
1,222 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The central thesis of Eduardo Galeano's 1971 work of poetic, economic nonfiction, "Open Veins of Latin America" is that the cash crops and natural resources of Latin America have provided the fundamental tools for the rich nations of North America and Europe to grow richer, at the expense of the poorest of the poor of Latin America. This paper examines the book and shows how Galeano speaks of the colonial powers as "the winners" and Latin America as "the loser" because of its subsequent political instability after colonial economic exploitation.
From the Paper
"At times, Galeano makes great philosophical leaps, and because his analysis is more poetic than statistical, one must as a reader essentially 'go on a ride' with him, and accept some of his sweeping assumptions about the world. However, the ride is ultimately an enriching one. The world cannot sustain itself, if we all remain focused on selfishly profiting our own nations, as was typical during the colonial era. It is no longer sustainable for a national community to focus on enriching itself with greedy policies, because we as a world have come to see that everyone is affected by such an attitude, from our air, water, soil, and the whole of our environments."
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Market Analysis of the Internet Industry in Latin America, 2002.
A thorough and in-depth report of the internet industry in Latin America, focusing on knowledge needed by the potential investor.
16,587 words (approx. 66.3 pages), 48 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The paper begins with a review of the history and development of the internet. This review deals with the technological development of the internet, as opposed to the applications of the technology. In the second section, the internet is reviewed as an industry. The essential structure of the industry, the functioning of electronic commerce (e-commerce) within this structure, and variations in the Internet industry among global regions and countries are covered. The following section looks at information on and analysis of the region itself and the internet industry in Latin America. Information on and analysis of those internet companies already active in the Latin American internet industry are found in presentations in this following section. In the next section, data relevant to firms participating in 2000 in the internet industry in Latin America are presented. Firms are discussed within the context of their industry participation: (1) ISPs and horizontal portals, (2) vertical portals, and (3) e-commerce firms. The major emphasis, however, is placed on the ISPs and horizontal portals group, as it is this group within which most of the publicly traded internet industry companies in Latin America are to be found.
Introduction to the Report
Report Contents
Introduction to the Internet
Section Preview
History of the Internet
Development of the Internet
Section Notes
The Global Internet Industry
Section Preview
The Structure of the Industry .
E-Commerce
Industry Variations by Global Region
Section Notes
The Latin American Internet Industry
Section Preview
Development of the Industry
Issues Relevant to Future Growth
Industry Variations by Country
Section Notes
Players in the Latin American Industry
Section Preview
ISPs and Horizontal Portals
Vertical Portals
E-Commerce Firms
Section Notes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"This report is designed to provide the investor considering entry into the Internet industry in Latin America with the information needed to make an informed decision on the issue. To provide a logical flow of information to support an integrated assessment process by an investor, this report is structured in major sections, each of which provides information relevant to the investment decision in a sequence that leads from a basic familiarity with the Internet and the Internet industry to an in-depth review of the major players in the Internet industry in Latin America. To facilitate an investor?s review and analysis of the information provided in this report, major sections and their sub-sections are identified both textually and numerically in the Report Contents page which follows this Introduction to the Report. Sources of information presented in this report are identified through the use of a notation system. For the convenience of the reader of the report, notes are located at the end of each major section of the report and are identified as Section Notes. A Bibliography of all sources cited in the report is presented at the end of the report."
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Latin America and the U.S., 2004.
By examining various events in recent history, this paper looks at whether the relationship between the U.S. and Latin America is a healthy relationship.
1,987 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between the U.S. and Latin America, through discussion of the following case studies: Cuba and the U.S. trade embargo; Mexico and the use of U.S. branch plants (or maquiladoras); Colombia and the U.S.A. war on drugs; Brazil and the U.S. environmental standards in the rainforest; Panama Canal and U.S. actions regarding U.S. involvement; and the Chile-U.S. fair trade agreement. The paper finds that the relationship between the U.S. and Latin America is not a positive one for Latin America.
From the Paper
"The issue of Cuba has been a thorn in the side of the US since the Cuban missile crisis. Currently, the US imposes a trade embargo on Cuba, and all of its products. This, coupled with Russia?s disengagement from Cuba, has caused huge economic problems for Cuba, which is rich in natural resources, including sugar and tobacco. Without outlets for its products, Cuba is unable to maximize its profits from its natural resources, and remains a poor country. Yet, it is a country with an excellent health and education system, which is the envy of many developing (and even developed) nations: the socialist government ensures that those resources the country does have are used wisely, to the benefit of the majority of the people on the island."
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Latin America's Colonial Past, 2004.
This paper reviews "The Colonial Heritage of Latin America" by Stanley and Barbara Stein.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes "The Colonial Heritage of Latin America," by Stanley and Barbara Stein who argue that many of the characteristics and limitations of Latin America have their inception during the colonial period and have been altered only slightly with the passage of time and increasing technology that enables better contact with the rest of the world. The paper discusses the suggestion that Latin America is a continent that has only been able to inadequately fulfill its development potential, based on the limitations of the persistent characteristics of its colonial past.
From the Paper
"In "The Colonial Heritage of Latin America," Stanley and Barbara Stein argue that many of the characteristics and limitations of Latin America have their inception during the colonial period and have been altered only slightly with the passage of time and increasing technology that enables better contact with the rest of the world."
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The U.S. in Latin America, 2003.
An assessment of the success of President John F. Kennedy's Alliance for Progress in Latin America.
3,296 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how as early as 1958, the Milton Eisenhower report criticised U.S. behavior on Latin America and how Latinos accused the U.S. of denying them credits in the desired volume, of fixing prices to their detriment, of neglecting the necessity of social reform and of supporting the region's dictators. It looks at how under the pressure of the Cuban Revolution, John F. Kennedy launched an unprecedented development programme for Latin America which took into account Eisenhower's demands. It discusses the Alliance for Progress that Kennedy launched to help Latin America in the 1960s. It evaluate its failure by the 1970s and examines the reasons for that failure, with particular reference to Frei's Chile.
From the Paper
"Idealism and liberalism would soon be replaced by realism in the White House. The Kennedy administration?s passion for the development of Latin America, strongly influenced by the realities of Fidel Castro in Cuba, was replaced, after JFK?s assassination, by Lyndon Johnson and his Latin American Affairs chief, Thomas Mann. Both men saw Latin America from the position of Texan oil entrepreneurs, ?Mexico and the rest?. As LaFeber argues Mann was, ?the perfect choice to dismantle the Alliance at the same time Johnson continued the old Kennedy rhetoric?. If the Alliance contained fundamental flaws under Kennedy?s idealists, then once the realism of Johnson and Mann, followed by the globalism of Nixon and Kissinger, came to power, the last chance for the Alliance to prove a success was extinguished."
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Latin America, 2007.
A discussion of economic and political interests in Latin America and a history of the Latin American revolutionary movements.
1,498 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of Latin American revolutionary movements and the circumstances that have shaped Latin America since the arrival of the Europeans. It discusses the role of the United States in Latin America, particularly its economic and political interests. The paper ends by discussing, briefly, the role of women in the Latin American revolutions.
From the Paper
"The history of Latin American revolutionary movements is one of repeated social and political fragmentation. Of course, this is true of most revolutionary movements in world history; however, the unique circumstances that have shaped Latin America since the arrival of Europeans have placed their independence movements in the midst of heated struggles between the imperial powers of the world. As a result, the varied socioeconomic structure of many Latin American nations has generated intense hostility between the social elites, the working class, as well as outside political and economic forces. Nevertheless, one of the recurring themes in Latin American history is the emergence of a powerful labor movement; far more influential than those in the United States, and accordingly, threatening to American business interests."
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The Economy of Latin America and the Caribbean, 2004.
An analysis of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC).
2,591 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), which has been the main source of information and analysis of that area. A subsidiary organization of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, it was founded for the purposes of contributing to the economic development of Latin America and to reinforce economic relationships among the other nations of the world. The paper explains that the organization is guided by rules that govern its purpose. The paper outlines and examines these mandates: reinforcing economic relationships among the member countries and with the other nations of the world; promoting economic and social development; gathering information by organizing, interpreting, and distributing information about the region; providing advice to governments; promoting and executing cooperation for member country developments; organizing meetings, workshops, and conferences; and communicating global concerns to the region and regional concerns globally.
From the Paper
"Social development was later included among ECLAC's primary objectives. Over the past fifty years, ECLAC has primarily provided research and analytical data on the social and economic state of Caribbean and Latin American countries. ECLAC's research covers a huge range of issues. They have conducted research on topics from fishing to taxation. The ECLAC's commander-in-chief is the Secretary General, and consists of many different divisions, units, and offices for all types of information, research, and services."
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Dependency and Marxist Theory in Latin America, 2004.
An overview of how dependency and Marxist theories have had an effect on the economy of Latin America.
2,936 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how both dependency theory and Marxist theory suggest reasons why Latin America and similar areas in the world have not achieved the same level of economic development as the developed world and how each theory has then been used as a reason for making changes to effect greater levels of development. It considers the history and political and social structures in Latin America and looks at how the way these theories have affected Latin American economies and their citizens.
From the Paper
"Development and underdevelopment are seen in terms of dependency theory as part of the same process and not as separate entities. Dependency theory was fashioned to explain the patterns of development in Latin America and held that this development had been conditioned by the incorporation of the region into the capitalist mode of production. The dependency of the Third World on the developed capitalist nations involves an interaction that explains the economic and social-class formations that have emerged in places like Latin America and also the structure of trade, technology, and investment between the developed and the developing world (Topik, 1987, pp. 554-555)."
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