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Problems of Aging, 2004. Discusses the problems faced by caregivers when caring for the aging population. 1,078 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 37.95 »
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Abstract The advancements in medical facilities have considerably increased life expectancy of Americans and, consequently, there is a surge in the aged population. Caring for the increasing ?aging population? has become an important issue in the health care field. This paper discusses some of the important aspects of caring for the old and the effects on the caregivers in a detailed manner. There are a lot of practical problems associated with old age caring. The paper discusses the financial burden, health impact, and time constraints on the caregiver.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Aging and Society's Outlook
Emotional Stress in Caregiving
Caregiving, Employment and Financial Aspects
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Another aspect that is attendant with the caregiving is the time and attention that the task demands. A survey conducted revealed that around 7% of informal caregivers had to quit their jobs, being unable to divide their time between caregiving and work. Even if they continue in their present jobs there is an observed fall in their productivity because of their constant preoccupation with the caring task. ?The aggregate costs of caregiving to US businesses in lost productivity are at least $11.4 billion per year,? [Salvatore J. Giorgianni]. About two out of five caregivers responded that the number of hours that they worked has been greatly reduced. About 40% of the caregivers had to take unpaid leave of absence of around 17 days a year, which reflects as 8% of their yearly work time. [Marc A. Cohen] In many cases, looking after seriously disabled and chronically ill elders would necessitate fulltime care. Quitting jobs added to the already mounting financial burden."
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Problems of Aging Population in America, 2005. An examination of how an aging population in America affects the social and welfare systems. 2,854 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 84.95 »
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Abstract Medicare and Social Security stand to be stretched if not fall into jeopardy if there are not some major changes in the policies that secure these parts of the American culture. The important thing is not to state the problems but come to some workable solutions. The problem is that many of the possible solutions could have unforeseen problems of their own that we won't be aware of for years to come. This paper explains some of these problems and solutions and gives suggestions to what might happen in the next 30 years following the trend of aging in America and its lasting economic effects.
From the Paper "United States is among many developed or industrialized countries that are facing a new economic challenge as the demographics of population shift. What has happened in the recent years is a trend that will continue and grow into the next few decades; there has been a growth in industrialized nations' elderly populations due to declining fertility rates and a rise in life expectancy. These growth trends are manifested in a slow growing population and labor force and an increase in the ratio between the elderly and those still working age. (Greenspan) In fact, in 2000 there were 35 million Americans or 12.4% of the population over the age of 65 years, and 4.5 million or 1.6% over 85 years old. By the year 2030 it is projected that the number of US citizens over 65 will more than double and those over 85 will be up to 9 million. (Brookings) Life expectancy in US increases and the retirement age seems to diminish, as some opt to quit working at 62 instead of 65, (with less benefits) and the aging US population is looking at 20 more years of living, consuming and sometimes needing regular expensive healthcare services after the more preferred retirement age. We in America have only just hit the tip of the iceberg with this issue as the baby boomers will not start hitting 62 until 2008. In the 30 years, following 2008 the number of 62 year olds will increase from 40 million, now, to 80 million, while the working force will only grow 12% compared to the boomers' double. (NBER)"
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To Age or Not to Age, 2008. This paper discusses plastic surgery, the media, and the public. 2,529 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 76.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer notes that those in the media and public eye are constantly scrutinized regarding their looks and their age. Women, more so than men, are expected to appear young and vibrant, and many have turned to plastic surgery to achieve this goal. More and more men in the media, however, are also jumping on the surgery bandwagon to compete with their younger male counterparts entering the industry. The writer discusses that this move toward plastic surgery is a wonderful method of turning back the clock on aging as long as it is a voluntary, informed choice, and not done with trepidation as a desperate act to restore youth. The writer argues that having cosmetic plastic surgery should remain a personal choice and whether one decides to alter, improve, or enhance their appearance should not be a reflection, either positively or negatively on their character, as it should not on the individual who decides to forego the procedure. Although those physically attractive people in the media and in society in general often receive preferential treatment and are perceived by others as more sociable and intelligent, it is not perception that is important, but how one feels about themselves on the inside that really counts. The writer concludes that this is what should lead us regarding any decision we should make about the media, plastic surgery, and our lives in general.
From the Paper "One such example of a female broadcaster who has refused to change her appearance is that of Stephanie Edwards, who had hosted the televised versions of the Rose Parade for many years and was the ongoing spokesperson for Lucky's Supermarkets in their broadcast and print advertisements. Her co-host for the yearly parades was a male game show host and media celebrity, Wink Martindale, who is now the spokesperson for Orbitz, a travel agency. While Stephanie's older co-host, Wink, continued to receive his 5-year contracts, Stephanie was given 1-year contracts instead. Additionally, her contract with Lucky's restricted her to radio spots only. Today, Stephanie Edwards is nowhere to be seen in television media, however, as stated Wink, looking as if he has had some "work" done himself, is successfully doing television commercials for Orbitz."
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Aging, 2002. This paper points out the many problems of the aging population. 835 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 29.95 »
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Abstract This paper states that the United States will be seeing a dramatic increase in the elderly population as the ?baby boomer? generation reaches retirement age. The paper explains that there is no evidence to show that the brain begins to show signs of wear in old age thus resulting in mental illness. The author concludes that the cost of medical care is a major problem for most older people.
From the Paper "Not all people age at the same rate. While living 65 years or longer may give a person a greater probability of contracting a debilitating, chronic disease, old age does not cause chronic illness. Living a great number of years just increases the probability of contracting one. It is necessary to distinguish what can be considered normal wear and tear on the body, or the natural result of aging."
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Ageism or Age Discrimination, 2005. A report focusing on the problem of age discrimination in the workplace and what can be done about it. 2,130 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 66.95 »
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Abstract This report looks at the general issue of age discrimination in the workplace, focusing more specifically on ageism as it applies to older individuals between the ages of forty and seventy. This issue is looked at in terms of existing studies on the issue and how it is being dealt with in a programmatic manner by organizations. That is, this report does not just look at the problem of age discrimination in the workplace, but also explores existing literature for solution based measures that can be used to advocate and recommend change. The report then goes on to make these recommendations, including the recommendation that organizations install programs that are respective of employee diversity to help educate people about the perils of ageism as it exists as a problem in our society.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Discussion of Findings
Recommendations
Conclusions
From the Paper "It is the main finding of the current report that in most cases, age discrimination in the workplace can be directly related to ageism in the society. Ageism is a type of prejudice that is leveled against people because of the sole feature of their age rather than about getting to know the person as a complex human being. Often when they have prejudiced attitudes, people will determine that everyone in a certain group defined oftenby physical characteristics is going to act the same way. One source of ageist attitudes therefore is prejudice against the older individuals in society. Prejudice against older individuals through ageism may manifest itself in a relatively harmless way or a way that actually harms the older individual, and this is a good reason that these stereotypes should be eliminated."
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Age Discrimination. This paper discusses problems of age discrimination in the workplace. 2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 5725 sources, APA, $ 65.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that older workers, who are generally considered to be better employees, but usually receive higher salaries than younger workers because of their longevity in the company, are being exccluded from the work force by U.S. businesses. The author points out that, while it is legal to fire or lay off people as a cost-cutting measure, business decisions, such as downsizings, job insecurity, increased use of part-time and contract employees, and greater reliance on automation have created a corporate culture that makes older workers expendable. The paper relates that, in Europe, this problem is being handled in a more humane manner and states that, with the shortage of warm bodies to fill entry-level jobs in the U.S., and with the problems of balancing Social Security, it is unlikely age discrimination would be a feature of U.S. work life if the American population, as a whole, was not so dedicated to extolling youth.
Table of Contents
The Current Extent of the Problem
History of the Problem
Chart: Older Workers vs. Younger Workers
How the Aging Employee Issue Is Handled Elsewhere
Conclusion
From the Paper "IBM-Big Blue-has also been in the 'older worker' hotspot, although allegedly for a retiree, rather than a worker, problem. In 1999, IBM was switching its pension plan to a cash-balance plan rather than a traditional plan. Dave Finlay was calculating his future pension benefits and realized that he would receive more than 30% less under the new plan than under the old one. Finlay ran a spreadsheet program to compare the old and new retirement benefits. After spending what he calculated to be bout 2,000 hours on the project, he posted his spreadsheet process on a Web site so that other IBMers to calculate their own benefits potentials."
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Privacy In The Information Age, 1997. Reviews the problems of privacy in the age of recorded information. Discusses concerns over abuse and the need for a comprehensive program of legislation to identify the problems, clarify the issues and offer a legal framework as a solution. 1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 55.95 »
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From the Paper "More and more people are concerned about the issue of privacy in an age in which virtually everything we do is recorded somewhere in a computer system. The potential for abuse is great. Congress has considered the issue, the courts have had to deal with it many times and will certainly have to address it in many cases in the future, and the public at large is convinced that there is a potential for abuse even if such abuse has not yet surfaced. Because of this concern, there is a need for a comprehensive program of legislation to identify the problem, clarify the issues, and offer a legal framework as a solution.
Anonymity on the Internet offers a form of privacy that is eagerly embraced by some and troubling to others. Part of the appeal of the Internet is that the user is anonymous if he or she wants to be. On-screen names are created and do not identify the user."
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Philosophy of Aging, 2004. Discusses the inevitability of aging and some of the changes that come along with aging as well as optimistic and hopeful philosophy that should be applied to the aging process. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 23.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents a philosophy of aging that emphasizes hope and commitment. Positive outcome of aged people staying productive, busy and engaged in meaningful ways. Importance of helping older individuals live in dignity in the final stage of their lives.
From the Paper "Aging is inevitable and is accompanied by many challenges and opportunities. Most elderly people, even those fortunate enough to live in advanced countries where high quality medical care is readily available and easily affordable, experience some decline in their physical functionality. Most also experience a series of losses that can include the loss of a spouse or partner, of friends, of an occupation that has helped to define the individual and of a certain amount of autonomy.Even among the healthy and somewhat..."
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Developmental Aging through the Cognitive Process, 2005. A research paper looking at three different ranges of the aging process. 4,390 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 115.95 »
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Abstract This study researches aging from the aspect of cognitive development, which includes all aspect of adult development including theory and research. This work is done from the view of a cognitive cohorts aspect inclusive of case studies, which state that this is from both the male and female perspective. Phases of Development are inclusive of mental, physical and emotional changes experienced by the aging individual. The three ranges covered in respect to developmental cohorts are those of Middle Age range 40-60 years of age, Older Mature Phase 60-80 years of age and Elder Range of ages 80 and beyond.
Table of Contents
Purpose
Introduction
Disease and Aging
Life Span
Molecular/Cellular Changes in Aging
Aging Theories
Accelerated Aging Diseases
Developmental Psychological Aspects of Aging
Developmental Cohorts
Facts of Aging
Cognitive Development
Piaget Theorist: Four States of Human Cognitive Development
Literature Review
Physiological Signs of Aging
Outward Signs of Aging
Adult Developmental Stages
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "Aging has many different variables and occurs at rates that are different among individuals and among species. Senescence is viewed by gerontologists as a "collection of degenerative entropic processes related only by the fact that the occurrence is over a period of time. One theory is the "Loose Cannon Theory" which proposes that an entropy-producing agent-free radical or glucose disrupts cellular macromolecular constituents over a period of time.""
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Sexuality and Aging, 2006. A look at the common issues and concerns of the aging population regarding the topic of sexuality. 1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 37.95 »
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Abstract This paper describes some of the key concerns regarding sexuality and aging, including misconceptions about sexuality and aging as well as the problems with sexuality that members of the aging population sometimes face. It also looks at solutions, treatments and techniques that can be applied to help address some of those problems.
From the Paper "Sexuality is a key part of human existence. However, when most people think of sexuality, they tend to ignore the fact that as one ages, there can be many issues surrounding the psychological, as well as physical aspects of sexual performance and experience. Unfortunately, is it common for lay people and physicians to gloss over or ignore the issues surrounding sexuality in the older population, yet it is a very important aspect of life. Although more research is being conducted into sexual dysfunction in advancing age populations, especially as the "Baby Boom" generation enters its twilight years, there is significantly more research as well as general attention that must be devoted to the issue."
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Successful vs. Unsuccessful Aging, 2002. A comparison of successful and healthy aging as opposed to unsuccessful and unpleasant aging. 1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 59.95 »
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Abstract This paper defines and clarifies the debate over different types of aging. Starting with the revolutionary work of Havighurst in the late 1960?s and incorporating research from the present day, this paper defines the three central components of aging: physiological, psychological (cognitive), and social. Numerous examples of both successful and unsuccessful aging across all three components are described, and backed by empirical research. No clear ?recipe? for successful aging can be given, but this paper is a thorough and modern overview of this facet of psychology as it stands today.
From the Paper "In the late 16th century the Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon set out on a quest to discover the fountain of youth. Intruding into uncharted and hostile Indian Territory, de Leon was struck dead by an arrow to his heart, at the age of 47. Today millions of Americans and billions worldwide are experiencing the golden years that evaded De Leon. But does older age necessarily equate to 'golden years'? Since at least the 1960s gerontologists have been developing conceptual frameworks, called schema, to describe ideal outcomes of the aging process. One of the most commonly used terms to describe good old age is "successful aging", often attributed to R.J. Havighurst (1961). This concept lies at the core of the practice of gerontology; the Havighurst article appeared as the first conceptual piece in the first issue of the discipline's prime publication, The Gerontologist. Defining 'successful' aging has been an issue of debate ever since. However, a complete definition must include at least three components: physiological, psychological (or cognitive), and social. It also must be able to be clearly distinguished from the opposite end of the spectrum, namely, 'unsuccessful' aging."
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Aging Work Force in America, 2005. Discusses the impact of an aging work force on the American economy, focusing on federal government employees. 3,854 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 105.95 »
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Abstract The work force in America is rapidly aging. This rapidly aging work force creates challengers for organizations that must manage an aging work force. This paper explores the challenges of managing an aging work force within any given organization. It focuses on the fact that many older Baby Boomers are retiring, while others are choosing to work well passed the retirement age. Managers must devise ways to manage such a work force. Employers must understand the challenges that may arise, as an aging work force becomes part of the fabric of the organization. If employers do not attempt to understand and implement solutions for managing an aging work force, their organizations will suffer greatly. The paper begins by explaining why the aging work force is such an issue in the current work force.
From the Paper "The organization that we will focus on during the course of this discussion is the federal government. Many employed by the federal government will either reach retirement age or be eligible for retirement. These retirements will create a huge disparity within the federal government and will bring into question how an aging workforce should be managed. As we all know, changes in technology and communications have created varying skill sets amongst the generations. For instance, many baby boomers came into the workforce when mainframe computers were the newest technology. On the other hand, today?s generation is configuring wireless networks that can be accessed anywhere at any time. On the other hand, the aging segment of the workforce also has valuable work experience that cannot easily be replaced. They also possess managerial and leadership skills that the younger generation has not yet acquired. For this reason, many employers both federal and private have been attempting to keep and recruit retired persons or those close to retirement."
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Aging in Ethnic Cultures, 2006. This paper discusses the problems of the elderly from ethnic cultures, especially immigrants. 2,430 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 74.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that the elderly Asian immigrant culture and other older people from immigrant and refugee groups are very traumatized and vulnerable because they not only face the struggle of aging but also psychological problems such as family disintegration and loss, marriage dissolution, racial prejudice and discrimination. The author points out that the problems of the elderly immigrant Latino population are similar to the problems faced by older Asians. The paper relates that elderly African-Americans are faced with the legacy of racism and the belief that blacks somehow are carriers of more disease than whites, which has prevented many elderly black patients from getting the care they deserve. The paper has many quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Asian and Latino Elderly People
Dementia
African-American Elderly and Issues Surrounding their Care
From the Paper "As to Puerto Rican immigrants in Spanish Harlem (New York City), an article in the University of Maryland publication, suggests that the elderly Puerto Ricans say that though they are concerned with crime in their neighborhoods, and loneliness, "health is their number one concern." When an elderly Puerto Rican in Spanish Harlem is disabled and cannot leave home, "a group of women comes to visit to help them say prayers." Many Puerto Rican immigrants "cope" with loneliness "by playing dominoes on the sidewalk, erecting small altars in their homes, visiting spiritualists, or listening to Latin music.""
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Teenage Drinking Problems, 2004. An examination of the different trends in teenage drinking problems in the United States and Germany. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses whether drinking problems in the United States among teenagers are more prevalent than in Europe because of the later drinking age laws. This paper explores the problem among German youths and suggests that German young people face many of the same problems that many young Americans do and that problems stemming from alcohol consumption have not been eliminated in Germany by looser age rules.
From the Paper "In the United States, those who will develop the habit of drinking too much alcohol typically begin this pattern by late adolescence. This behavior often peaks in their early twenties, and often declines after that, although some people continue to exhibit problems with alcohol consumption throughout their lives (Muthen & Muthen, 2000). Both men and women follow this pattern although young women typically do not consume as much alcohol as young men of comparable ages (Muthen & Muthen, 2000). Those numbers do not demonstrate the level of alcohol consumption, nor the age at which it may begin, however. Some research shows that in the United States, by 10th grade, 80% of American teens had tried alcohol, and one-third had participated in heavy drinking in the month prior to being interviewed by the researchers (Barnow et. al., 2002). In another study, nearly one-third of the teens interviewed typically got drunk when they drank and acknowledged that their drinking was making problems for them (Barnow et. al., 2002)."
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The Aging Baby Boom Generation, 2005. This paper is a literature review of peer-review journals and professional publications to explore the impact of the aging baby boomers on the future healthcare system. 8,185 words (approx. 32.7 pages), 46 sources, APA, $ 175.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that the aging baby boom generation, who are characterized by prevention and wellness values resulting in longer life expectancy, will have a significant effect on the number of elderly needing long-term healthcare services. The author stresses that the Medicare system does not provide protection against catastrophic or long-term events, many drugs and prevention services, all of which will be needed by the aging baby boom generation. The paper concludes that, along with the concern for this cohort, there is the continued need for the entire population--the rich and the poor, the young and the old--to have healthcare coverage; the social system may offer the most adequate solution.
Table of Contents
The Problem
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Importance of the Study
Scope or Delimitations of the Study
Review of the Literature
Introduction
Overview
Aging Trends For Baby Boomers
Future of Healthcare Funding
Future Healthcare Costs
Future Healthcare Funding
Changing Ratios Between Current and Future Funding Contributors
Access to Services
Medicare, Current Access to Care
Changes Needed for Care Access
Healthcare's Future
New Demands For Care
Quality of Care
Baby Boomers Define Care
Current Changes and Future Possibilities in Care Quality
Baby Bloomers Are Dissatisfied
Baby Bloomers Want More
Long-term Care
More Information Availability
Alternative Therapies
Summary
Conclusion
Implication of the Study
Position of the Author
From the Paper "Baby boomers have redefined quality of care, demanding preventative measures for optimal health. This generation demands more service, more information, and more options. Since they are the largest buying population, they have changed the healthcare system and will continue to do so. Among the changes needed is improvement in long-term-care coverage. Private insurance for this coverage has increased but presents problems such as how to market a high-cost policy to those with little money. Public-private partnerships are another alternative. However, this type of assistance may end up raising Medicare costs without offering enough assistance to the public. Social insurance is also discussed. In this case the costs would be disbursed among the total population, including those 65 years and older."
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