| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "PRO SOCIAL BEHAVIOR": |
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Pro-Social Behavior, 2004.
An analysis of pro-social behavior with relation to the actions of witnesses to an emergency situation.
1,422 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the facts regarding the murder of Kitty Genovese in New York City in 1964. The paper explains that this murder prompted many social psychologists to consider the nature of emergency helping behavior, since thirty-eight of Genovese?s neighbors witnessed the attack without intervening. The paper identifies five elements that determine whether a person will offer assistance in an emergency situation. These conditions are: 1) the event must be noticed by the bystander; 2) it must be interpreted as an emergency by the bystander; 3) the individual must take personal responsibility for offering assistance; 4) the bystander must know how to help; and 5) he or she must be able to implement the decision to offer aid.
From the Paper
"In the case of Kitty Genovese in New York City, interviews with the witnesses after the fact showed that everyone noticed the emergency. (Smetana et al., 1983). Since the young woman was attacked and murdered in the middle of the night, in most cases, neighbors were awoken and some even stayed by their windows for the duration of the attack, which lasted almost an hour. (Smetana et al., 1983)
Having noticed an emergency in the first place, the second condition that determines emergency helping behavior, according to Darley and Latane is the correct interpretation. If the event is not interpreted as an emergency, then no help will be offered. One aspect of this correct interpretation is correct perception. Bystanders have to know that what they are witnessing is an emergency. If gunshots are misinterpreted as a car backfiring, then there will be no perception of an emergency, and no bystander intercession."
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Pro-Social Behavior, 2005.
A look at different theories regarding the motivations for an individual's behavior.
989 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the by-stander effect, cognitive neo-association theory, and authoritarianism and social dominance orientation theories and describes their implications for aggressive behavior, as well as how they relate to societal phenomena such as prejudice, altruism, and social loafing.
From the Paper
"Prosocial behavior, as the name suggests, is behavior that is ultimately beneficial to others. Any act that is carried out with an end to helping someone else instead of oneself is prosocial behavior. If the behavior involves no gain to the individual, and in fact, may involve a personal cost, this behavior is considered altruistic. There is some debate over whether true altruism exists, or if even seemingly unselfish behavior is really motivated by a desire to impress, or feel good about oneself."
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Unethical Behavior of Pro Athletes, 1999.
Examines causes & effects of criminal, immoral & violent behavior, focusing on the rewards for such behavior.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
" For many professional athletes, unethical behavior has become the norm. Whether they are trying to sneak in a punch, shouting obscenities, fighting, throwing tantrums, or biting off opponents' ears, professional athletes are, increasingly, behaving like undisciplined children. Behavior in which the individual's interests are placed before everyone else's, behavior that violates the rules by which the game (or business or profession) is to be conducted, and behavior that violates the rights and interests of others, is unethical. In professional sports, such behavior is, increasingly, rewarded, applauded, and expected. And, it is seldom discouraged in any effective manner.
This growing problem stems, in large part, from the overwhelming commercialization of professional sports in the last few decades. Today, athletes are better paid, owners make bigger.."
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Adolescent Television Behavior and Actual Behavior, 2002.
Examination of adolescent behavior as depicted on television; compared with actual adolescent behavioral patterns.
4,838 words (approx. 19.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
This study uses content analysis to examine adolescent television drama program behavior as compared to actual adolescent behavioral statistics from the National Center for Health Statistics. Issues of sexual behavior, alcohol usage and drug usage were analyzed. This work contributes to cultivation theory; the culmination of similar messages on fictional adolescent television drama programs re-enforces impressions that are not based on reality.
From the Paper
"Media can be described in many ways and forms. It is the dissemination of news, events, and information as well as a portrayal of America. It contains movies, sitcoms, dramas, comedies, news, and world events that all shape our reality of what the world is. Television more specifically is so popular because its function is to be a mirrored image of what America is, its beliefs, and ideas. Because it performs this function, it is considered entertainment. This industry is a multi-billion dollar industry that centers around two words: money and people. It does not necessarily have to be accurate for people to believe it. People will believe what they find to be interesting whether it is true or not, based upon no actual proof. This is why the media can get away with straying from the truth, because people do not care whether what they absorb is true. Truth is a very powerful concept that most people take too lightly. Most people will not admit that what they watch on television, hear on the radio, or read in the newspaper affects them. However, it has been proven through the cultivation theory that this effect is present, it does occur, and it subsequently affects the way a country perceives itself. This is how the media ultimately controls the power of thought."
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Pro-Life and Pro-Choice Groups, 1999.
Analyzes the groups based on social movement theory. Discusses Composition, organization, priorities, goals and leadership.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 8 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
"American society produces numerous social movements to address perceived problems affecting segments of the population or the population as a whole. For a social movement to occur, the following must take place: 1) some members of society must share a grievance they want to correct; 2) they must have hope and think there is a possibility of success; 3) there is often a precipitating event that ignites these grievances and convinces the people that the time for action has arrived; 4) people are recruited through a network of attachments.
From the Paper
"American society produces numerous social movements to address perceived problems affecting segments of the population or the population as a whole. For a social movement to occur, the following must take place: 1) some members of society must share a grievance they want to correct; 2) they must have hope and think there is a possibility of success; 3) there is often a precipitating event that ignites these grievances and convinces the people that the time for action has arrived; 4) people are recruited through a network of attachments. For a social movement to succeed, the following must occur: 1) it must achieve an effective mobilization of people and resources; 2) it must withstand or overcome external opposition; 3) the fate of the movement depends on enlisting external allies from other major groups; 4) the movement will tend to be embodied in ..."
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Abortion - Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice, 2002.
Discussion of the issues on both sides of the abortion debate.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is on pro-life vs. Pro-choice of abortion. Abortion laws date back to the early 19th Century. Most abortions became illegal during the 20th Century.
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Pro-Life or Pro-Choice?, 2000.
This paper considers both sides of the abortion debate and the ethics surrounding each viewpoint.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the continuing pro-life versus pro-choice arguments surrounding abortion in the United States. It examines both sides of the debate including the ethics involved. It shows that the notion of legal abortion as a necessary evil is based on a series of myths widely disseminated since the 1960s. These myths captured the public mind and have yet to be rebutted. It shows as an example of one of these myths, where it is believed that one to two million illegal abortions occurred annually before abortion legalization, when in actual fact there were far fewer.
From the Paper
"It seems that Americans want to oppose abortion and yet keep it legal. The public debate on this subject has reached an impasse, yet the issue continues to be debated (Kavanaugh 1997). While there is little change in public opinion, it does not mean that the abortion issue is going to lessen in intensity any time soon. There are many reasons for this, but the abortion issue is not going to recede in intensity any time in the near future. While there are many reasons for this, the most important might be simply that "the majority of Americans morally disapprove of the majority of abortions currently performed," as University of Virginia sociologist James Hunter concludes in his path-breaking 1994 book, Before the Shooting Begins: Searching Jar Democracy in America's Culture Wars."
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Pro-Choice vs. Pro-Life, 2001.
This paper explores the debate on the issue of abortion in the United States.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the debate between the anti-abortion movement - "National Right to Life Committee" and the pro-abortion group - "National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League".
From the Paper
"Every year for the past 28 years, Washington D.C. has been invaded twice yearly by two opposing forces; the Pro-Choice advocates and the Pro-Life lobby. Since the 1973 Roe vs. Wade Supreme Court decision that legalized abortion in the United States, these two opposite sides have actively campaigned to either reverse this decision or have it upheld and strengthened, respectively. Two of these interest groups have gone so far as to establish Capitol Hill offices to promote their agendas- The National Abortion and Reproductive Rights League and the National Right to Life Committee."
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Pro-Choice or Pro-Life?, 2004.
A philosophical approach to the abortion debate.
2,065 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the philosophical and moral consequences of the choice to abort a child and leans to the pro-life side by arguing that it is morally harmful to terminate someone's life and alienate the opinions and role of the father in the act.
From the Paper
"Utilitarianism is a theory that states action is perceived as right or wrong depending on the consequences of that action (Boss, 2004). Utilitarianism should not be considered because it fails to take seriously the distinction between persons. Different people have different needs and different goals. Utilitarianism alienates us from our personal responsibility for our actions, but also from our moral sentiments and conscience (Boss, 2004). It is hard to say whether we can say that not have an abortion is for the greater good of the community because in some cultures, like China it is not considered bad and is encouraged to keep the population down."
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Peer Reinforcement and Punishment of Sex-typed Behaviors in Children, 2003.
An analysis of research on sex-typed behavior in children from a behavior analytic perspective. Reviews a number of studies done on this subject and interprets them using behavior analytic concepts.
2,857 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
A number of studies on sex-typed behaviors in children are summarized and analyzed using concepts from the psychological perspective of behavior analysis. Specifically, peer reinforcement and punishment of sex-typed behaviors is examined. It is argued that peers are an important factor in the socialization of children into gender-specific roles and that most gender differences are not innate, but rather are formed through the mechanisms of reinforcement and punishment.
From the Paper
"The question of how children learn to behave in gender-specific ways is one for which many different explanations have been offered. There are evolutionary psychological, social-cognitive, and numerous other approaches. In this paper, I will address this issue from a behavior analytic perspective. By applying the principals of behaviorism, the processes by which children learn gender-appropriate behavior can be better understood. Specifically, I will investigate how peers reinforce and punish sex-typed behaviors in children, and how different behavior analytic concepts can help explain the results of some of the studies done in this field."
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Behavioral Management for Early Childhood - Pre-K, 2008.
This essay discusses the issue of maladaptive behavior in the early educational setting. Specifically, it looks to identify maladaptive behaviors, apply current theories and correct these behaviors.
5,203 words (approx. 20.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper looks into the issue of increasing violent behavior among young school age children, while asserting that there is growing evidence that early intervention by schools to correct maladaptive behavior may result in decreased violent behavior as these children grow older. Furthermore, this paper looks at the issue from the view of early childhood professionals, stating the importance of recognizing these aggressive behaviors and managing them properly. The paper discusses the differences between normal maladaptive behavior from pathological behavioral disorders as well as the theories that govern a child's development of behavior and how these are applied to the current knowledge of managing behavior. Lastly, the paper discusses methods or models that are used to correct these behaviors.
Outline:
Introduction
Normal Misbehavior and Disruptive Behavior in Preschool Children
Theories in Child Behavior Development
Management for Normative misbehavior among Preschoolers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the two cases presented by Goodwin et al (2003), these preschoolers were seen to manifest with behavioral problems due to reasons that could and were remedied by the Childreach program. Three-year old Kelsey had been acted out aggressively because of feeling of isolation. She appeared to have problems with excessive nasal discharge secondary to allergies. Breathing through her mouth made her drool as well. She also had a problem with controlling her urinary impulses as she suffered from toilet training delays as well. Because of this, Kelsey was isolated by her peers and she was often ignored. Kelsey began to seek attention by physically hurting her peers. This kind of reaction did not make her popular but it did get people's attention. The Childreach program helped her improve her hygiene and social skills. Addressing these two issues had allowed Kelsey to have friends. In another case, Richard was referred to the Childreach program due to defiance, opposition, and aggression. It had been found that Richard's language skills was delayed by 18 months and his aggression was rooted from his frustration from not being able to follow, or appropriately respond to his environment. Therefore, his inability to communicate properly was addressed, and both parents and teachers were taught better ways to communicate with him."
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temporarily unavailable
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Theories of Social Behavior, 2002.
Contrasts the primary theories of social behavior: behaviorism, functionalism and sociobiology.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The theories discussed in this paper represent most of the spectrum of materialist (i.e. non-mentalist) thought about human society. The paper contrasts the work of BF Skinner, Marvin Harris, and Edward Wilson in behaviorism, functionalism, and sociobiology, respectively.
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Ethical Behavior in Organizations, 2002.
An in-depth discussion of the importance of ethical behavior in the business world and how this should be the responsibility of every organization.
7,521 words (approx. 30.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 165.95
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Abstract
This analytical research report discusses the debatable issue of the much-needed ethical behavior in working milieu. The research paper highlights the fundamental characteristics, a well-drafted research design, a separate section of suggestions; a works cited page and an appendix featuring important data and relevant diagrams pertaining to the organizational behavior theory and the underlying ethical issues.
Ethics And Organizations
Ethics and Ethical Behavior: A Challenge for Organizations
Unethical Behavior in Organizations
Reasons for Unethical Behavior in Organizations
Prevalent Justifications of Unethical Behavior
Results from Baucus and Near?s Research Model
Social Systems and Behavior
Need for Organizational Behavioral Theory
What is Organizational Behavior?
Purpose of Organizational Behavior
An Overview of Organizational Behavior and its Cardinal Components
Basic Models of Organizational Behaviors
Pragmatic Suggestions for Amelioration
Future Direction
Works Cited Page
Appendix
Figures
From the Paper
"Individuals working towards a common goal for personal as well as combined benefits form institutions popularly called ?organizations? or ?associations?. These firms or companies formulating and providing a challenging and a learning working environment, also consist of moral, social as well as professional values, rules and regulations that all the employees at all levels have to abide by. This is essential for an efficient organization to remain profitable on long-term basis. For the same matter, an individual working for an organization must have the ethical and social values similar to that of the organizations in order to generate the desired result. Because if their values are incompatible, neither the organization nor the individuals working for it can benefit, paving way for the ethical issues to emerge and providing leeway for affected productivity to dominate the working set-up (Drucker: 65)."
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Cognitive-Behavioral Modification Program, 2002.
Presents a cognitive-behavioral modification program designed to modify "couch potato" behavior.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
"Couch potato (cp)" behavior is operationally defined as sitting and watching TV. The goal of the program presented in this paper is to modify this behavior towards participation in an exercise program. A self-observation log demonstrates "couch potato" behavioral antecedents, an operational definition of the target behavior and behavioral consequences. Cognitive-behavioral modification is discussed and the program is stated. Effectiveness of the intervention is then discussed.
From the Paper
"Week one would consist of new thoughts such as "TV is not the only way to relax, this is a lie, the truth is that TV is contributing to my fatigue." Positive affirmations were to be employed as immediate and continuous reinforcements, such as "I'm feeling better each day with my new activities. I'm doing a great job." TV watching was to be cut down to half hour periods per week day and two hour periods for weekend days. Stimulus control was employed and junk foods were to be removed from the premises to avoid visual cues leading to poor eating behaviors. New foods were to be purchased, such as fruit juice in place of alcoholic beverages, nuts and fruits in place of chips; actual changes in meals would be dealt with later. Lifestyle changes for the first week would include using the stairs at work and school instead of the elevator, since walking up stairs is found to burn twice the calories of jogging behavior and it would serve as an aerobic exercise activity."
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