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Privatization, 2005.
A look at both sides of the privatization issue, especially with regard to the privatization of Social Security in America.
1,501 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper presents arguments both for privatization and against privatization. The paper also cites situations and examples both in America and abroad as to why or why not privatization is a good idea and why it may or may not work. The paper begins with an explanation of what is meant by privatization.
From the Paper
"Privatization is defined as the altering of a public enterprise into a private enterprise (Scott). According to a book entitled Privatization and Economic Performance, Privatization is designed to ?improve industry performance by increasing the role of market forces.? (Bishop et al) In many cases, privatization comes about after there is a problem in maintaining the financing of the public enterprise. Such is the case with the issue of social security in the United States."
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Privatization, 2003.
An analysis of privatization, or "contracting out", including the effects of privatizing social services.
913 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The author writes this essay comparing and contrasting three works, including that of Ronal Moe, around the idea of privatization, or "contracting out." The author also expresses an opinion of the effects of privatizing social services. Although the federal government has given many of their programs to the private sector, history reveals that the idea of privatization has not always been widely accepted. Nevertheless, the "movement" seems to allow the government to cut costs, all the while, weakening their power over these programs. The writers of the three works discussed would debate these issues. Despite the private sector's efficiency, privatizing social services could have a negative effect on disadvantaged clients.
From the Paper
"There has been continued debate over the issue of the privatization of public administration. Privatization can be generally defined as "any public policy decision that involves a reliance on a private means to achieve a pubic end." In Ronald Moe's "Exploring the Limits of Privatization," he examined the need for mutual coexistence and linkage between the public and private sectors while describing the limitations of privatization from a legal perspective. In "The Privatization of Correctional Facilities," Quinlan, Thomas, and Gautreaux provided an overview of the theory and the history of correctional privatization as an introduction to detailed information for the procurement and contracting process in the area of corrections. Both of these works can be compared to that of the "State and Local Fiscal and Privatization Trends" where Chieppo, Montague, and Savas discussed the experiences of different states and their desire, or lack thereof, to privatize government agencies. These three writings are similar in content; however, there are some portions where the ideas of they contrast."
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The Price of Privatization, 2006.
An examination of the effects of privatization of public companies in the United Kingdom.
1,567 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author looks at the effects of privatization of public companies in the United Kingdom. The author reminds us that with the election of a conservative government over two decades ago, they were all for open market philosophy. Hence the start of privatization of large companies. The author talks about the first few large companies that were privatized. As a result he believes that the market is much more competitive and has produced a better quality of managers, better financial stability, and greater customer-oriented skills. He states that while other European countries are still floundering with their government controlled monopolies, the UK has proven how well privatization works for everyone. The paper also looks at the opponents of privatization who say that regulators are consistently pressed by these growing private companies. He gives an example of the private water and electricity companies that raised their prices so high that there were deaths from the winter's cold and an increase in diseases carried in the water. In conclusion, the author gives us his opinion that privatization is unacceptable, and affects the lives of so many people without a second thought.
From the Paper
"One of their main concerns is the rising threat of monopolies
taking over the companies, and even proponents of privatisation
conclude that what really matters is competition in this system. (see
Footnote 1) Cable and Wireless and British Petroleum are fine
examples of this mistrust, since they have a plethora of power and
wealth. Another concern the antiprivatisationist have voiced is the standard of the workers in these privatised companies that have
shown to diminshed."
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Public vs. Private Education, 2006.
A proposal for a research study regarding the benefits of private versus public education.
13,000 words (approx. 52.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 247.95
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Abstract
This paper serves as a proposal for the study of research findings on questions relating to the overall quality of public schools and private schools in America. The author has devised a research study,which is to include the collection of data from a broad spectrum of relevant sources, such as current students of public and private schools, parents and guardians of students in public and private schools, teachers and administrators from public and private schools, graduates and alumni from public and private schools, and finally the general public. The questions the research study is to focus on are: (1) Which type of school is perceived as providing the highest quality education to students? (2) Which type of school is perceived as being the best value? (3) How should public and private schools co-exist and function within our society? and (4) Which subsets of the population (current students, former students, parents of students, school staff, and others) hold which opinions? This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter summarizes the purpose of the research study and defines public and private education. The second chapter is a literature review, detailing previous research and then suggesting that this body of work is insufficient to fully address the question of public vs. private education. The third chapter presents the methodology of the author's study, including how the population sample is to be chosen, what questions are to be asked of that sample population, and how the results of this survey are to be calculated.
Outline:
Chapter One
Introduction
Background of Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose
Significance of the Study
Research Questions
Assumptions and Delimitations
Definitions
Summary
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Chapter Three
Methodology
Research Design
Site Setting
Population
Sample
Measurement Methods
Procedure
Ethical Considerations
Summary
List of Appendices
From the Paper
"As this first chapter has demonstrated, there is a great deal of research that must be conducted in the area of school and education. The current educational system is divided into two major subsections: private schools and public schools. Public schools are funded by taxes and regulated by the government, while private schools are independently run and funded, with different laws and regulations for each of them in every school district and state. However, it is obvious that both of these types of schools are still experiencing difficulties and have not become ideal institutions as of yet. There are many social factors which are affecting and being affected by the state of the schools, and it is important for the future of youth and society as a whole that the educational system be properly evaluated so that improvements can be made. Public schools and private schools both demonstrate some positive traits as well as some negative. In order to get a complete image of the current state of public and private schools, the opinions, experiences, and suggestions of all related populations must be taken into consideration; current students of public and private schools, former students of public and private schools, parents of students of public and private schools, staff of public and private schools, and people who do not attend, work at, or have children in school all must have input into a complete survey of the school situation."
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Estonia and Privatization, 2006.
This in-depth paper examines Estonia's privatization program which has made the Baltic state a model for private enterprise reform.
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This well researched paper details Estonia's economy as well as its program of privatization for more than 400 major enterprises which leads the Baltics in the number of wide-scale privatizations. Although Estonia is still a young and immature economy, its prospects could turn out to be far more superior than expected. The writer also discusses how Estonia's small-scale privatization and later globalization of the economy began as a part of the larger reform movement in the era of Soviet perestroika.
From the Paper
"Though it is a young, immature market economy, Estonia is still just that - a market economy. Its prospects could further turn out to be superior than is conventionally expected. Perhaps an analogy - for all of the differences - of Japan's economic miracle is relevant. Indeed, the basis is arguably in the process of being laid for an economic miracle - a chudo. The region possesses an emerging educated population with considerable skills. For the first time in over seven decades, its scientific and technical capabilities are linked to the marketplace - something heretofore impossible. A post-communist generation has emerged, eager to partake in the building of a modern industrial country."
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Privatization, 2003.
A public policy critique of different views of privatization.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper critique three articles about privatization from the perspective of privatization. Topics covered by the articles are: the privatization of municipal services in large cities, the mythology of privatization in contracting for social services and the failures of privatization.
From the Paper
"The major research questions Van Slyke examines in his discussion of privatizing social services are whether and to what extent they are conducted in a context of free competition and whether the public entities in behalf of which these services are provided..."
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Privatization of Health Care, 2007.
This paper explores the merits and drawbacks of privatizing the Canadian health care system.
1,763 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how reform of or even an alternative to the Canadian universal health care system is needed because of serious inefficiencies, such as emergency departments and family doctors who work only limited hours. The paper looks at the positive and negative aspects of privatization. The paper concludes that there are alternatives to privatization for enhancing healthcare efficiency. The paper maintains that instead of insisting that privatization is the only viable option, the solution seems to lie in the expansion of public-private partnerships.
Outline:
Introduction
Medicare and American Privatization
Positive Aspects of Privatization
Negative Aspects of Privatization
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Privatization is regarded by critics as a commercial and destructive takeover of Canada's valued health care system. The US model of care is privatized but has proven to be both very costly and inefficient. There are both positive and negative aspects to privatization, and the central problems appear to be associated with control and motive. On the other hand, as ideal as it may appear, the Canadian universal health care system has been marked for years by problems between the federal government and the ten provinces related to financing and delivery (Editors, 2000). The topic of privatization was chosen because the debate has surfaced again in the past decade. The US model may be inefficient and costly, but medicare is not merely similar but is dividing federal and provincial governments. According to Lewis and Donaldson (2001, p. 926), "a decade of turbulence has transformed Medicare from icon of Canadian values and organizational know-how to an apparent state of crisis"."
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Airport Terminal Privatization, 1998.
Offers a comprehensive look at privatization of airport terminals in North, Central and Latin America.
3,943 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
Until recently, national governments of most countries have long been the sole owners and operators of their domestic and international airports. At present, a growing number of countries have been exploring ways to more extensively involve the private sector as a means to provide capital for development and improve the efficiency of all airport operations. This paper outlines the reasons why privatization is taking hold, how it may be financed, who is taking part in this strategy, who benefits from privatization and the time frame for privatization projects.
The paper makes use of tables.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Airport Terminal Operations - Past and Present
Problems
Business Foundation and Mission for Growth Expectations
Focus of Privatization
Marketing Edge
Benefits
Limitations
Where Privatization is Taking Hold
Facilitators of Change
Streamlining the Process of Changeover
Financial Objectives
Paying for the Metamorphosis
Raising Capital
Market Promotion and Acceptance
Target Market - Concessionaires
The Benefactors - Good Business Breeds More Business
Airlines and Other Service Providers
Labor and Workforce Efficiency
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The costs involved with basic ATO are relatively fixed. In government operated airports, there is generally no correlation to the potential amount of retail sales revenues, travel volume and pedestrian traffic.
Besides federal grants, other major sources of funding for airport development are passenger facility charges, bonds, and airport revenue. With FAA approval, airports can collect up to three dollars in facility fees from each traveler. In the United States, the FAA administers federal grants that are made available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund to help support capital development projects that enhance airport capacity, safety, security, and noise mitigation. Most grants are allocated on the basis of a legislated apportionment formula and set-aside categories earmarked for specific types of airports or projects. Also, the FAA also has the discretionary authority to allocate the remaining funds on the basis of needs identified by airports. With FAA approval, airports can charge facility fees from passengers as well.
Financial analysis, retail planning and economic impact studies all help to combine philosophies on what approach to take when finding the money and resources to make the plan a reality."
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The Privatization of Correctional Facilities, 2002.
Presents the pro and con arguments regarding the use of private contractors to construct new correctional facilities.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 75.95
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Abstract
Those in favor of privatization argue that use of private contractors will lead to cost efficiency in the design and building of new facilities. Those who are against privatization, argue that it is that very independence of the contractors which will lead to higher costs since the profit margin now needs to be factored in as well as the possibility of "low balling" and other disreputable practices. This paper intends to examine both sides of the argument in terms of quality, cost, flexibility and accountability. However, it will also be argued that privatization is a step backwards in terms of societal, and governmental responsibility.
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Private Military Companies, 2006.
A review of private military companies in relation to defense reform and global determinants.
6,309 words (approx. 25.2 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 147.95
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Abstract
The objective of this paper is to conduct a research study of private military companies since the events of September 11, 2001.The paper further discusses the effects of 9/11 upon defense reform in the context of global factors or influence.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Present Day Private Military Company Activity
Problems with Private Military Company.
The UK's View of Hiring Private Military Companies
View From the Crown of Private Military Companies
PMCs - The Role of Private Military Companies
Determinants of PMC Growth
Market Force A Determinant
Geneva Guidelines on Defense Budgeting
UK Guidelines for Defense Reforms
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Historically, private contractors and others provided transportation and engineering needs as early as the American Revolution. In 1798 Congress passed legislation that served as guidelines for procurements of the military and the contracts were won through a bidding process with restrictions. New technologies created a demand for the private military companies as time went on. Kidwell states that: "Two overarching themes currently characterize the military management field - the process of rationalization and cyclical patterns of readiness. Rationalization refers to centralized planning (generally at a high DOD level) and systematic application of business management techniques." (nd) Cyclical patterns of readiness, according to Kidwell, refers to "the tendency- first noted by Emory Upton in the 19th century - of the US to demobilize and deemphasize military expenditures and modernization until the next conflict begins and the demand for military power is immediate. Upton referred to this phenomenon as 'chronic unpreparedness although the process more closely resembles a continuing cycle." (nd) The PMCs offer a "full range of provider, consultant, and support functions in OIF and OEF." (Kidwell, nd) DynCorp is a service company operating in 15 different industries. "
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Privatization to Reduce Taxes, 2001.
This paper examines privatization as a solution to lower government spending and to better serve citizens.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The author describes how privatization can help reduce taxes. Concerns of privatization are addressed such as cost, improving benefit to citizens, reducing paperwork and red tape within the agency, and creating job opportunities in the region. The paper also addresses the controversy surrounding privatization including debate over security federalization and efforts to privatize as well as the involvement of politics. The author finds that the issue of the success of privatization is still questionable and it depends on the government's implementation.
From the Paper
"In the past two decades increasing bureaucracy and bloated budgets have prompted some governmental groups to look for solutions to keep spending on target and to better serve citizens. One of the solutions tried numerous times and in numerous ways is the privatization of various services. Although privatization has been around in some form for centuries, it's only been in recent years that it's picked up so much popularity -- and so much controversy. From golf courses to schools, prisons to water authorities, there isn't an area that the government hasn't attempted to fix through the involvement of private companies."
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Privatization of Health Care, 2007.
This paper explores the issues regarding privatization of the Canadian healthcare model.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the American system of medicare and the Canadian healthcare model. The paper discusses the arguments for and against privatization of the Canadian system. The paper shows how the Canadian health care system is not perfect but contends that adopting the American model simply will add to the problems of cost and inefficiency. The paper maintains that what is needed is a comprehensive reform of the medicare system in Canada, with a more efficient use of resources.
Outline:
Introduction
The American System of Medicare
The Need for an Alternative in Canada
Arguments against Privatization
Arguments for Privatization
A Hybrid Health Care System
From the Paper
"The general consensus about privatization is that it is a threat to Canada's health care system. The common argument in Canada is that, in order to have a better health care system, the trend of privatization needs to end and public delivery of health care has to be expanded (Eggertson, 2004). Meanwhile the Canadian system is far from perfect with long wait times, problems of accessibility, and unfairness. Alberta Premier Ralph Klein, for instance, believes in privatization because healthy people deserve a tax break compared to those who are a drain on the health care system (Eggertson, 2004). One alternative to the Canadian system might be the U.S. system of medicare. However, the American model is known to be extremely costly and inefficient."
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Public and Private Conversations, 2002.
Shows how gender and power play an important role in determining the experiences of interpersonal communication, comparing public and private conversations.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Gender differences in interpersonal communication has been studied in the contexts of power and social roles. This essay considers the kinds of speech that take place in interpersonal communication where public and private conversations are compared. Two different research studies are examined for understanding how public and private speech can be studied in research settings and for establishing a difference in the experiences of public and private conversations. Gender and power play a substantial role in determining the experiences of interpersonal communication, where women are subordinated in both public and private contexts of speaking. The difference is in the awareness of the role being played in conversations, where women are less aware of their role in public speech and more aware of their role in private speech.
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Public-Private Partnerships, 2008.
This paper provides a cross-country analysis of the private sector's development in developing countries.
4,961 words (approx. 19.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 125.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the development of the private sector in various countries and its impact on poverty, with special reference to the formal private sector. The paper discusses the role of individual, small and medium enterprises working in the large informal sector as engines of development. The paper focuses on the need for a pro-poor dimension in public-private partnerships (PPPs) with lessons from certain case studies. The paper then explores the limitations of the existing PPPs for service delivery in urban areas. Finally, the paper looks at the challenges lying ahead for PPPs in the water and sanitation sector in India in terms of involving the various stakeholders at the planning stage. The paper appends explanations of indexes used.
Outline:
Part-I: Formal Private Sector & Development: An International Perspective
Part-II: The Need for a Pro-Poor Dimension to PPPs: Some Examples
Part-III: Challenges for PPPs in India's Urban Infrastructure Development
Developing Inclusive Public-Private Partnerships in the Delivery of Water and Sanitation Services
The Potential Roles of Independent and Small-Scale Service Providers in Redefined PPPs
Hindrances
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As per the FDI Confidence Index Survey conducted by A.T. Kearney in the year 2004, corporate investors now see macroeconomic and political risks as less threatening and perceive greater profit opportunities and reduced risk in the world's leading emerging markets. A fundamental shift in the outlook and perception is underway. At the turn of the century, the world is caught in powerful crosscurrents and many of the predominant trends manifest themselves in seemingly contradictory ways. For example, never before in human history has so much wealth been created so fast. Never before in human history have so many had it so good in terms of housing, food, comfort or use of new technologies. Today even in low-income countries large number of people have access to television, running water, electricity, healthy nourishment, vaccines and are better off than the middle-class of a century ago. Wealth is increasing -but so is inequality. Economic growth is rapid but poverty is persistent and misery endemic."
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Hydro One Privatization, 2002.
Examines the privatization of Hydro One in Ontario, Canada.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the neo-conservative ideology of privatization in light of the privatization of Hydro One in Ontario, Canada. The paper looks at the negative impacts of privatization and examines efforts to stop the proposal.
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