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Privatization In Eastern Europe and Latin America, 1995.
Examines global background, Western models, telecommunications, impact on economies, role of governments, external debt, reform, goals and politics. Includes charts.
4,950 words (approx. 19.8 pages), 40 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"PRIVATIZATION IN EASTERN EUROPE AND LATIN AMERICA
Introduction
This research examines the process of privatization of economic enterprises in Eastern Europe and Latin America. Where appropriate, privatization efforts in Argentina and Brazil are highlighted when considering privatization in Latin America, and privatization efforts in the Czech Republic and Poland are highlighted when considering privatization in Eastern Europe. Privatization efforts in these regions are compared with similar efforts in other regions, and where possible the privatization of telecommunications services is highlighted. The effects of privatization on the economies of the countries discussed generally and the effects on the foreign debt levels of these countries are discussed."
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Cultural Patterns in America and Latin America, 2002.
A comparison of cultural patterns in North and Latin America.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
A 8-page paper outlining the cultural patterns that are existent today in America and Latin America and comparing how their differences could be resolved through common ground rules of interpersonal communication.
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Eastern and Western Europe: A Political Comparison, 2002.
An analysis of the differing cultures and mentalities and politics of Eastern and Western Europe.
1,502 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Eastern and Western Europe have always been different from each other, both politically and socially. Clear distinctions have always been drawn between the two areas. It shows how from their ancient beginnings, shrouded in the mists of history to modern times, Eastern and Western Europe have followed different paths in their development. Even today, the political and social climate in these two areas is distinctly different, and it is obvious to a traveler that they are in one or the other without being told. This paper explores the divergent developments of Eastern and Western Europe and looks for the various factors that contributed to the different paths each region has taken.
From the Paper
"Eastern Europe is a region that traditionally encompasses all of the land from the Balkans to Czechoslovakia to Poland. Eastern Europe today is just beginning to recover from decades under Communist rule, and capitalism is beginning to re-emerge. There is a highly concentrated number of working class people in Easter Europe, one of the highest concentrations of any area in the world. However, despite this high concentration of working people, there is still a large amount of collectivized state property, a remnant of communism. Any strike or disruption in the workforce in Eastern Europe is automatically a political situation, because the employer is the state. There is also a high degree of pollution in Eastern Europe, caused by the rapid push toward industrialization forced on it by the communists. This pollution has lead to environmental degradation and a high number of people operating at less than optimal health in the region. Eastern Europe today is struggling; it is not thriving, but it has not yet bowed down its head in defeat."
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The Traditional Economies of Central and Eastern Europe, 2002.
A look at the advancements made by the economies of Central and Eastern Europe in the transition from communism to capitalism.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper will look at the advancements made by the traditional economies of Central and Eastern Europe, and the difficulties they still face. In the end, it is clear that the transition from communism to capitalism has enjoyed several successes. Using the yardstick of appearances, evidence of this can be seen in the huge advancements made by many of the countries that now very much resemble those of Western Europe. Beneath this fragile fatade, however, it is most certain that the re-learning process involved with transition still has significant obstacles ahead of it.
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An Economic Analysis Eastern Europe and Russia, 2002.
Looks at Eastern Europe's and Russia's transition from socialism to capitalism by comparing and contrasting both types of systems.
5,150 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 187.95
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Abstract
There can be no doubt that the study of the transitional states of Eastern Europe and Russia pose an interesting case for economic analysis. The challenges that face these countries can only be understood through a synthesis of capitalist and communist tenets. This involves comparisons and contrasts between both systems. This study will forge down precisely this path, evaluating the experiences of the post-communist states. With the sheer expanse and intensity of the previous Soviet system, it will be shown that, not only has the transition from plan to market been difficult for the countries of East Europe themselves, but also for economists who try to observe progress from afar.
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Andric on Eastern Europe, 2003.
A look at the factors that led to great social, economic, and political changes in Eastern Europe after 1878, by analyzing Ivo Andric's "Bridge on the Drina".
1,236 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this paper, an overview is provided of the primary factors that led to massive social, economic, and political changes in Eastern Europe after 1878. This paper's thesis is that Ivo Andric's "Bridge on the Drina" and his account of Visegrad after the Austrian takeover in 1878 can be used as a means for documenting the transformations that occurred, as well as the factors that influenced the emerging changes.
From the Paper
"Andric uses Visegrad as the setting of the fictional account he provides of the nonfictional and historical transformations that occurred in Europe after 1878 that led to distinct differences in Eastern and Central Europe. The stone bridge at Visegrad with its elaborate design and arches offers a means of observing the long history of troubled relations and coexistence between the Slavic Muslims and the Serbs (Orthodox Slavs) living within Visegrad. Prior to 1878, the town of Visegrad, which lies directly east of Sarajevo, the Bosnian capital, had remained largely embedded in the traditions of the Ottoman Empire and of the eastern Bosnian region influenced by Muslim tradition. Innovations occurring in the Christian/Western world had not been adopted by the Ottoman Empire and Visegrad, as with other towns within the Balkan region, continued to reflect the characteristics of regional differences in languages, customs and loyalties."
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Ethnic Divisiveness in the New Nations of Eastern Europe, 2001.
A review of the challenges facing the new nations of Eastern Europe.
2,012 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the cultural, political, and social divisiveness that have resulted from a paucity of central governmental services in some of the new nations in Eastern Europe and provides an analysis of the causes for the violent confrontations that have taken place in the recent past.
From the Paper
"The breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 resulted in a number of newly independent nations, whose borders were frequently based on old geopolitical lines without regard for the ethnically based demographics involved. Without a central government in place in many of these regions of Eastern Europe, basic public services have failed, economies have faltered or collapsed and wars have broken out between ethnic factions within these countries."
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Soviet Union's Control of Eastern Europe, 2007.
This paper examines the Soviet Union's control of Eastern Europe during the years of 1945 to 1989.
2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores several of the key factors that contributed to the era of the Soviet Union's control of Eastern Europe and discusses them. The writer points out that more than a decade ago, the Soviet Union made the decision to completely dismantle its government structure and begin rebuilding. The writer then describes how the world watched in awe as the initial steps began and for the past 10 years has watched the Soviet Union struggle as it tries to find its way in the unfamiliar world of democracy. The writer concludes that the Soviet Union realized that it could not maintain success nor could it properly care for its people if it maintained its communist regime. The writer looks at how it dismantled its structure and provided freedom to the nations that it occupied for so long and at the same time has been working toward a democratic way of life.
Outline:
Introduction
How the Soviet Union Maintained Control
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The Soviet Union refused to allow any hope of independent political interests or parties. In addition, there was no criticism of the communist party allowed. To do so brought swift and severe punishment that could include prison or death.
Stalin also imposed his own ideals about economics. He created and designed a socialist economic model that the nations were expected to follow. All means of production and wealth were owned and controlled by the government. This meant that factories, farms, mines and any other method of making money was controlled by and owned by the government which was in turn ruled by the Soviet Union. This allowed the Soviet Union to maintain complete control over every aspect of those nations' economics."
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The Process of Institution Building in Eastern Europe and Ukraine, 2002.
A discussion of institution establishment and how it will bring positive change in Eastern Europe.
3,312 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 26 sources, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses the importance of institution building in Eastern Europe and the interaction between formal and informal rules as one of the possible explanators of encountered difficulties. The general situation in Ukraine is described, as well as the banking system.
From the Paper
"The collapse of the Soviet Union bloc created an institutional vacuum in the whole Eastern Europe. Institutional change was seen as a key factor in solving problems. Three crucial issues were on the agenda at the moment: what and how institutions should be chosen, and how quick this process should be, as there was no possibility at that time to identify alternative institutional arrangements and assess precisely their consequences. The transition from socialism to capitalism made institutional restructuring indispensable. After the expiration of the socialist legal framework, new stable rules were required for carrying out interactions. In the then absence of formal rules people fell back on customs and traditions.
The West perceived the end of the communist rule as a clear vote for the capitalism. But it also assumed existence of the rational utility maximizers who would easily identify new opportunities, assess their consequences and allocate scarce resources in the best possible way. In my view transitologists tended to focus on the future rather than the socialist past, but failures of institution building in Ukraine have proved these approaches to be unrealistic and inappropriate in tackling the restructuring of institutions in CEE because, given incomplete knowledge and uncertainty, the importance of transaction costs, was not paid adequate attention to. Transaction costs are costs of resources necessary for the transfer of property rights from one economic agent to another, they include costs of making exchange and maintaining institutional structure. The calculation of costs did not include the costs for convincing people that the legal system was credible and stable, the cost of new institution-building and the costs of making people understand why the institutional restructuring was necessary or what was required for it. Also, according to Bossak, the frequent changing of rules, insecure property rights and restrictions on asset trading also increased such costs."
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The Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, 2002.
Looks at the factors which contributed to the fall of the communist structure in Eastern Europe.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the fall of Communism in Eastern Europe. It identifies legitimation problems and economic problems that undermined the authority of these regimes. When this was coupled with the devolution of the Soviet Union, domestic opponents of the regime were able to assume power.
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From Communism to Capitalism in Eastern Europe, 2002.
Assesses the achievements and difficulties in the transition from communism to capitalism in Eastern Europe.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 19 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
The devolution of the Soviet Union and the abandonment of command economies throughout Eastern Europe was one of the most profound developments in the last half of the twentieth century. A dozen years after the 'transition' began the results are still both tentative and mixed. This paper assesses the process with a broad, holistic perspective emphasizing both economic and non-economic factors.
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Economic Development in Eastern Europe during the period 1918-1939., 2002.
This paper explains why economic development was such a crucial question in Eastern Europe during the period 1918-1939.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains why economic development was such a crucial question in Eastern Europe during the period 1918-1939. The three countries discussed are Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
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The Transitional Economies of Central and Eastern Europe, 2002.
Analysis of the difficulties associated with the reinorientation of the markets of Central and Eastern Europe.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
The objective of this paper is to highlight some of the difficulties and implications associated with the market economy reorientation of the transitional economies of the former USSR, particularly the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).
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EU Enlargement to Eastern Europe, 2006.
A look at some of the challenges and issues of the European Union's expansion to Eastern Europe.
2,062 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
When the Eastern European countries led by Poland decided to join the European Union (EU), the assumption was that they wanted to share the blessings of the free market being enjoyed by existing EU members. This paper discusses how economically, the Eastern European countries are a low-income region and how they are fighting issues such as unemployment and a low standard of living. It also examines how other EU members can show them how to potentially stimulate the growth of their own economies.
Outline:
Introduction
Poland's Problems
Migration
Agriculture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Eastern Europe is a low-income region of about 100 million people whose combined income will raise the GDP of EU by a mere 5 per cent. This is very much less than the result of previous EU expansions to the North and South. It is not only their low income levels that may bring deleterious effects to EU but also the fact that these countries are in the middle of a transition phase from a centrally planned to a market economy. In addition, the new members will have to cope with more EU regulations than before because of the recent creation of the Single European Market concept. "
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Advertising in Eastern Europe, 1991.
This paper examines advertising in Eastern Europe in 1991 because of the social and political changes occurring since 1989.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines the status of advertising in Eastern Europe in the contemporary time period. For about 40 years, advertising was not a part of the societal fabric in most of Communist dominated Eastern Europe. Thus, most of this research is concerned with events occurring subsequent to the summer of 1989.
The Background of Change for Advertising in Eastern Europe
That advertising may occur on a large scale in Eastern Europe in the 1990s is a function of the collapse of most of the Communist dominated governments in that region, and, in the case of the Soviet Union, to a liberalized approach to the function of marketing. That advertising will occur on a large scale in Eastern Europe in the 1990s will largely be a function of the successful ... "
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