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Priming Effect of Media on Political Perceptions, 2000.
Analysis of an article on the theory that media coverage affects perceptions of President's performance, focusing on the Iran-Contra scandal.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
" Krosnick and Kinder (1990) conducted a test of their theory of "priming" in a study based on data gathered by the 1986 National Election Study (NES). The data was compiled in the period preceding and following the 25 November 1986 announcement by the Reagan White House that funds secured from the sale of arms to Iran had been diverted by members of the President's National Security Council (NSC) to the Contra forces fighting to overthrow the Sandinista government of Nicaragua. Priming deals with the effect of news media attention to certain stories on individuals' assessments of the President's performance and had, according to the literature reviewed here, been supported by experimental tests. The authors felt that the fortunate chance of a major scandal occurring in the midst of a major information gathering initiative provided them with a rare opportunity to..."
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Media Owners and the Political Marketplace, 2004.
This paper discusses the economic relationship of media owners to the political marketplace consisting of government, politicians, and citizens.
1,375 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the political/governmental complex ensures the press will cast it in a favorable light through interlocking spheres of influence; economically, the press needs the government as it once needed the citizenry. The author points out that high-powered and celebrity journalists are the current go-betweens for the political powers and the market. The paper concludes that if the media owners put public service above profits, and if the political marketplace were not a single-product company, profits might happen both for the owners and for the stakeholders in the political process.
Table of Contents
The Situation Today
Good Old Days
Back to the Future
From the Paper
"By the time of the Civil War, the relationship between the politicians, the press and the populace had begun to change, and again, economics was the crux. Mainstream political interests were motivated to suppress anti-slavery publications. For economic reason, it was important for both Northern Whigs and Northern Democrats to demonstrate to their Southern copartisans that they were not harboring those opposed to slavery. And, since getting elected required appealing to all parts of the nation, as now, it was necessary for politicians to pander to political sensitivities of influential regions out of proportion to numbers of voters found there."
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Media & Political Parties, 1996.
History of news media & TV coverage of U.S. politics, debates, campaigns, bias, equal access, advertising.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The media in the time of the writing of the Constitution was a much smaller and more timid institution. Today, the media has become dominated by the electronic media, and especially by television, which has become powerful in ways not envisioned by the Founding Fathers. Television has become the conduit of choice for political candidates, and this has altered the style of the political debate, leading to the sound-bites and attack ads that have been so criticized in recent years. Television did not set out to shape the political debate and did not intend to cheapen that debate as seems to have occurred. It might be argued that the media lacks power because it does not seem to be in control of the capabilities it wields, but those capabilities are themselves considerable and have had a massive influence on how Americans conduct themselves in elections and between..."
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Media in the Political World, 2001.
3,670 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 8 sources, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses how, why and when TV caught on with the political world, and why people choose the media as an alternative source of information to politics. The author also talks about a few infamous TV ads and debates that set a precedent in American politics and examines the ongoing debate over negative political advertising.
From the Paper
"Since the inception of free media back in the very first days of our country, politicians quickly learned that they would need to learn on how to use the media to their advantage. When major newspaper companies surfaced in every major city, politicians realized that they would have to place advertisements in all of the major newspapers to be a serious candidate in an election. Newspapers were the first dominant source of political advertisements. After newspapers, radio took over as the dominant source, and finally TV. Radio caught on quick, but it was not as effective as TV soon proved to be."
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Media and Political Power, 2002.
Argues that the mass media is not a major instrument of the ruling power.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper will show that the media is not a major instrument of power which rules because the audience of mass media is more sophisticated than generally acknowledged, and they have demonstrated the capacity to reject messages broadcasted, particularly through advertising, in mass media.
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The Influence of Mass Media on Political Decisions, 2006.
Examines the role that the mass media has on the general public's decision to vote.
2,197 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines mass media coverage of election campaigns and, in particular, Presidential election campaigns and looks at the influence the mass media has on voters' decisions. The paper contends that, when it comes to election campaigns, presidential candidates concentrate their mass media efforts on assuring that members of their party get out and vote, on trying to get members of an opposing party to switch to the candidate of the other party and on trying to capture the independent voter.
From the Paper
"We will examine two political decisions in America- the decision to run for office, namely the Presidency, and- connected to that decision, the decision to vote by the general public. In both cases, the mass media- especially television, holds the key. The mass media today contradict the notion that America is a nation of free, and independent thinkers. It is unfortunately true that 250+ million Americans are, for the most part, not only uninterested, but uniformed about the democratic processes that their ancestors fought and died to preserve. Rather than keeping up with current events, especially now in an election year, at best people tune in for 30-second sound bites on the nightly news (whose ratings are slipping year after year). The fault- for the most part- may lie with the media."
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Media And Politics: Strange Bedfellows, 2002.
A brief look at the role media plays in political campaigns.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a look at the impact media has on political campaigns. Using a published study that researched this impact the writer of this paper seeks to explore the many avenues that the campaign is affected and how powerfully affected it is.
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Media and Politics in America, 2002.
A look at the influence of the media on politics in America.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the negative and positive influences of the media on US political culture. It addresses both current concerns about media accuracy in even reporting and the undeniably militant slant of the mainstream media, as well as the importance of a media system independent of the government, and how important our media's freedoms are to the survival of our democracy.
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Mass Media and Politics, 2004.
A review and analysis of M. Parenti's book about media and politics, "Inventing Reality".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes M. Parenti's book, "Inventing Reality". The paper explains that the book is about the impact of major American corporate print and broadcast organizations on the political process, and the impact of politicians on the media.
From the Paper
In "Inventing Reality", Parenti analyzes the impact that the news media, specifically the major American corporate print and broadcast organizations, have on the political process as well as the impact that political power holders have on media-organization policy and operations. The fundamental theme is that the news media make a project of either distorting or censoring information for the purpose of serving both corporate and entrenched political interests. Why that is significant goes to Parenti's observation that the media cultivate an image of objectivity, comprehensiveness and truth..."
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Media & Politics, 1996.
Describes the influence of the media on politics, & vice versa. Focuses on Chomsky's "Manufacturing Consent" & "Primary Colors" by Anonymous.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 111.95
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From the Paper
"Democracy is prized in America, and a number of institutions assert that they are dedicated to preserving democracy by practicing and protecting certain specific freedoms. One of the institutions that promotes itself as a protector of democracy is the media (once known as the press because it was almost entirely oriented toward print, and now called the media with the addition of radio and television). The media delivers the news to the American people; it works through, and jealously protects, the First Amendment values of a Free Press and Freedom of Speech. The special role accorded the media derives from the view that the media serves as a stand-in for the public at large. Reporters go where the majority of people cannot and find information the average person cannot. The media sees to it that..."
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The Media and Politics, 2002.
An overview of the media portrayal of government and politics.
1,272 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the topic of the media in politics. Specifically, it discusses why the media pay more attention to national than state and local politics and whether the media fairly portrays the government. It looks at how the media today is a huge conglomerate made up of television news and talk shows, radio news and talk shows, and a vast array of print and online media, which all affect how Americans view and interpret the daily news. As such, the media portray only what is entertaining and will keep the American public interested without changing the channel or turning the page. It shows how it tends to cover more national events, which will hold a wider audience, and tend to portray government and politics in negative and even reactionary terms.
From the Paper
"Media is so pervasive in our society; it can actually change the perception of the people, and swing the balance of power from one political cause to another. As one political media expert noted, "The press, as Walter Lippmann noted, has power partly because it can act as 'the beam of a searchlight that moves restlessly about, bringing one episode and then another out of darkness into vision'" (Seib, 2000, p. 60). For example, at the end of the Gulf War in 1991, the Bush Administration effectively swept the Kurds in Northern Iraq "under the rug," and ignored their situation, which was tenuous with Saddam Hussein's regime. However, after the media continually reported on the Kurd's plight, including live reports from their miserable refugee camps near the Turkish border."
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The Media and Politics of Sports, 2002.
A look at the relationship between Canadian media and sports culture with a focus on the control of the national hockey league.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper will first consider the history of the relation between media and sports culture. Then the paper will examine the more recent changes in media corporations, where large media conglomerations now manage sports teams, and the impact these control systems have on the national hockey league. In conclusion, this paper will re-draw attention to the exclusive nature of hickey as "culture," and indicate possible changes in media representations which might elaborate Canadian notions of identity, and culture.
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Mass Media and Politics, 2004.
Looks at the positive and negative implications of certain types of mass media on democracy in the United States.
2,451 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the advantages and disadvantages of the "new media", such as the Internet and talk radio, for democratic governance in the U.S. Particular attention is paid to the concerns posed when the Internet is used as a medium for public response and feedback. The paper also considers whether mass media facilitate or hinder the democratic decision making process in the U.S.
From the Paper
"Mass medium has always functioned as the much-need link between the people and government in a democracy. The print media had been providing this link traditionally in the United States, until about 70 years ago, when President Roosevelt introduced the radio medium to connect directly and instantly with scores of Americans across the nation. In the 1960s, John F. Kennedy furthered this by effectively utilizing the power of television as a visual communications medium. Today, candidates and representatives of every political affiliation are tapping the power of the Internet to communicate and interact with citizens."
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Media & Politics, 1989.
Discusses growing role & power of media in presidential campaigns & elections from 1972 to 1984.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"In early presidential elections the local newspapers, supporting favorite candidates, influenced many voter's choices. Later radio was the avenue that candidates used to reach the people. It was not until 1960, however, that television, with the Kennedy/Nixon debates, began to take over the media's influence on a candidates election. By the time of the 1972 elections, this pattern was set. The mass media had and continues to have a major influence on presidential elections.
One must look at past elections to determine what influence, if any, the media had on the results. Candidates in the 1972 presidential election were George McGovern, for the Democrats and Richard Nixon, for the Republicans.
Nixon won his bid for re-election in a landslide victory, but that victory was made bittersweet by the fact that voter (...)"
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How the Media Influences our Perceptions, 2008.
An examination of how the public's perception can be shaped by the media.
756 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the media shapes the public's perception of economic terms, theories, and concepts. The author also includes the outline of the film "The Corporation", which offers a simplistic view of a "market equilibrium." In conclusion, the writer states that much of the popular media is failing its readership and until this situation is rectified, the public will not receive the education in economics it deserves.
From the Paper
"The film, The Corporation, is not unlike many other forms or types of media when it comes to explicating (or not explicating, as the case may be) the precise nature of economics. Specifically, economics is a complicated science that befuddles most people; therefore, in the process of "dumbing down" or making more accessible economics to the layperson, the media (be it the print media or television) will often play upon popular perceptions about economics and about business dealings in general. For example, the concept of supply and demand is one that is fairly understandable to most people. However, most of us are not familiar with (or congenial to) the idea of "market equilibrium" - that is to say, the idea that a properly-functioning free market will permit a situation wherein the amount of a product or service being produced is equal to the amount of the product or service being sought after by consumers (for an interesting discussion on this phenomenon, please see Bryant & Kasper, 230-245). Obviously, if consumer demand for certain services or items plummet, then prices will drop - and production will be cut back sharply."
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