| Papers [1-15] of 66 :: [Page 1 of 5] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 —> | Search results on "PRIMATES BIOMEDICAL": |
|
|
Primates in Biomedical Research, 2002.
Explores some of the controversial questions and issues regarding the use of animals in medical research.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
There are a number of ethical questions regarding the use of animals for biomedical research and particularly the use of the primates who are closest to humans genetically and who have been shown to have capacity for language and reason. Even if it is determined that humans have the right to use animals to further their own purposes then the question arises as to when and for what reason is the suffering or death of an animal justified. Also there is great debate on the validity of research that rests on the premise that primates such as chimps are close enough to humans to give accurate information. As new methods such as computer modeling and cell and tissue cultures are developed, they are showing higher levels of accuracy for some tests.
| |
|
The Study of Primates, 1996.
Discusses recent research on primates, how they adapt to changing environmental conditions, & how their social activities develop. Focuses on how studying lower primates can teach about human development.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Human beings are primates, and researchers study other living primates as a way of learning more about human behavior. Naturalists seek to observe animals in their natural habitat to learn about the adaptive capabilities of different creatures. Primatologists observe the behavior of primates to see both how these animals adapt and to derive some idea of how the human being adapts as well. Modern apes and human beings are now far apart in terms of evolution, and they last shared a common ancestor some five million years ago. Human behavior has changed much more over that time than has ape behavior, and this suggests one reason for primate studies: "Accordingly, if we want to know what hominid behavior was like before culture became a factor, and if we wish to speculate as to which...
| |
|
The Use of Primates in Bio-medical Research, 2008.
An analysis of whether or not bio-medical testing on primates is worthwhile, despite the drawbacks.
2,021 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 64.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines to what extent bio-medical research is aided by the testing of primates. It provides an exploration into disease prevention using primates, discusses embryonic research and cloning and shows how the human behavioral processes in the mind can be disclosed through primate testing. The paper concludes that the literature is inconclusive and the testing of primates must be seriously re-examined.
From the Paper
"The hypothesis of this paper was that primate testing does benefit human beings enough to justify the use of these animals in projects. Ultimately though, the material uncovered does not support this thesis (except in limited cases) and it calls into question the determination of some in the scholarly community to resolutely persist with such testing. Furthermore, questions such as whether or not such testing offers insight into the fight against disease, the study of human cloning and embryonic research, and the study of the human mind, all failed to deliver clear-cut answers; in some respects, the use of these creatures works, and in other areas the conclusion is much more uncertain."
| |
|
Biomedical and Biopsychosocial Models, 2007.
A comparative analysis of the biomedical and biopsychosocial models of illness.
1,198 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how the biomedical model is defined as a conceptual model of illness based exclusively upon biologic factors. When diagnosing and treating a person's medical illness or disorder in accordance with the biomedical model, psychological and social factors are unfortunately excluded from consideration. The paper then discusses, how in contrast to the biomedical model, the biopsychosocial model is more all-encompassing because it is based upon a holistic view of health and attaches priority to the psychosocial context of an illness when interpreting and diagnosing mental conditions.
From the Paper
" These two models can be compared and contrasted in a number of ways, but one of the most illustrative ways is to demonstrate how each model would be applied to a case in which a patient is complaining of chest pain. In a biomedical model approach, the physician would focus on physical causes of disease, examine the patient's recent diet, pain history, family and history of heart disease, and look for empirical signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction. In addition, objective lab tests would be done and vital signs such as temperature, pulse, and blood pressure would be checked. Based upon these procedures and results, the physician would prescribe treatment based solely on biological etiology and pathogenesis."
| |
|
The Sexual Behavior and Mating Habits of Primates, 2004.
Review of literature regarding the sexual behavior of primates in captivity.
1,607 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines several research studies on the sexual and mating habits of orangutans, langur monkeys, bonobos and chimpanzees, each of which concluded that the sexual and reproductive behaviors of these primates is abnormal when the animals live in captivity.
From the Paper
"Human researchers have always been deeply fascinated with primate behaviors because they are of much closer genetic relation than any other animals. Likewise, the studies of sexuality and mating social behaviors are of particular interest to people because, within human social structures, this area remains both mysterious and untamed, and at the same time entirely necessary for the survival of human relationships and survival of the species. Parallels that may offer some understanding of our own sexual and mating habits can be found in the observations made of Orangutans, Langur Monkeys, Bonobos, and Chimpanzees by various researchers."
| |
|
Therapeutic Cloning and Biomedical Ethics, 2007.
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of therapeutic cloning in terms of biomedical ethics.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the controversy surrounding therapeutic cloning in light of biomedical ethics. The author argues in favor of therapeutic cloning citing its medical benefits. The opposing viewpoint is also presented. The author concludes, however, that more people need to understand the nuances of cloning, so that it will become more acceptable in the future.
From the Paper
"Cloning is basically the recreation of life in the form of the donor parent. In other words, when you clone a sheep, a pig, or a human, it is an identical twin of the donor. Cloning immediately frightens some people and excites others. It frightens people because it carries the implication that a scientist in a lab somewhere could create human life for his own purposes. That is frightening and ethically challenging. Many religious groups (and others) oppose cloning for the ethical reason that no one should be able to create life but God."
| |
|
Self Awareness among Primates, 1996.
Reviews some of the recent research into whether & how apes, chimpanzees, & other higher primates develop self awareness.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
Many anthropologists find the use of primate studies as a way of understanding human development to be a flawed approach. Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewentin, for instance, question the validity of sociobiology and see it as a case of circular reasoning: "In making this point, Gould and Lewontin see sociobiologists devising their scenarios to create highly simplistic, perfectly adaptive situations--a condtioin rarely (if ever) found in nature" (Turnbaugh, Jurmain, Nelson, and Kilgore, 1996, 196). However, such criticism relates more to how the questions are framed and answered than to the basic question of how valuable primate studies can be in helping our understanding of human behavior and culture. The criticism noted above does show the danger of allowing affective thinking..."
| |
|
Hand Use Among Primates, 2001.
This paper examines hand use and preference among human and non-human primates, employing Calvin?s evolutionary hypothesis as a backdrop.
1,928 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 45 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The writer performs a study in which two approaches were made towards handedness. The first approach was a behavioral measure (Bishop et al 1996), 'quantifying consistency of hand preference'. The second approach uses a self-evaluating handedness inventory (Oldfield 1971), which provides a quantitative index of handedness, rather than binary classification' (Bishop et al 1996).
From the Paper
"Cerebral specialisation, or brain lateralisation while not unique to humans (McKenzie et al 1998), appears to correspond with behavioural asymmetry in human handedness. In a predominantly contralateral shift, sensory input from the right hand crosses over to the left hemisphere of the brain, and conversely sensory data from the left hand crosses over to the right side of the brain (Sternberg 1995). While the hemispheres may differ functionally, they are not completely independent as 'interhemispheric integration occurs by the corpus callosum' (Desmedt 1977), and in visual stimulus, information is sent to both contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres (Ball 1998)."
| |
|
Primates and Humans, 2000.
An examination of the validity of studying primate models to understand development of human behavior.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Primates and humans share a lot of common behaviors, such as care of their young, reactions to stressful situations, and shyness, and are believed to show many similar emotions. The evolution of human behavior is studied by anthropologists who often try to piece it together by looking at primate models. This paper will look at the validity of such studies as ways to gain an understanding into the development of human behavior.
Scientists at the Laboratory of Clinical Studies in Poolesville, Maryland are studying the qualities which distinguish primate leaders from minions, incline females to prefer some males over others, and cause some monkeys to be ejected from a troop (Segell, 1996). The study has shown that the dominant males are not necessarily the most aggressive ones. Rule is usually be consensus rather than fiat, and their main..."
| |
|
Aggression in Human & Non-Human Primates, 1999.
Analyzes nature of violence, differences between humans & non-humans, biological, psychological & social causes, evolution, territoriality, survival and theories.
4,950 words (approx. 19.8 pages), 13 sources, $ 135.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Abstract
This paper is an investigation of the topic of aggression in both humans and non-human primates with an attempt to understand the causes of such aggression and what links exist between the aggressive behaviors of different primate species.
The literature on primate aggression is reviewed and a number of bases for aggressive behavior are put forth, including psychoanalytic, biological, evolutionary and learned. The validity of each of these explanatory paradigms is examined and the evolutionary and social learning perspectives are established as being the most useful bases on which to create theoretical models of primate aggressive behavior.
A substantial amount of attention is paid to possible evolutionary causes of aggression and evolutionarily based links between the aggressive tendencies..:
| |
|
Biomedical Moral Issues, 2005.
An essay arguing that it is ethical to use morphine to alleviate the pain of patients that are terminally ill.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
An argumentative essay that uses different ethical views to argue that providing morphine to terminally ill patients to alleviate pain and suffering is ethical, despite the drug's hastening of organ shutdown and death.
From the Paper
"According to Porter Johnson and Warren, ethical issues about death, dying and a person's right to make end-of-life decisions have become on of the most legally complex and culturally sensitive areas to emerge in our time. Certainly, the Terry Schiavo situation illustrates the validity of this claim. For patients who are terminally ill and suffering from enormous pain, morphine or other pain relieving medications are often prescribed. While such drugs alleviate the patient's pain they also contribute to the eventual loss of lung and..."
| |
|
Biomedical Ethics, 1999.
Examines the ethical aspects of applying new technologies to human patients, experimentation and research, Nazi Germany, atomic radiation tests and the Tuskegee syphilis research.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Advances in medicine and biology have made possible great advances for future medical procedures and for entirely new procedures such as genetic splicing to create new forms of life. These new procedures bring with them great responsibility and require that experimentation and development in biology be conducted following ethical precepts
From the Paper
"Advances in medicine and biology have made possible great advances for future medical procedures and for entirely new procedures such as genetic splicing to create new forms of life. These new procedures bring with them great responsibility and require that experimentation and development in biology be conducted following ethical precepts. The issues thus raised are not simple and are not easily answered, making it all the more vital that critical thinking be developed and applied to issues of bioethics. In short, bioethics has developed as a wide-ranging field because there is a need for an ethical framework for experimentation on drugs and medical procedures using human beings or because science can now do things which were once left only to human biology, including everything from genetic manipulation to cloning. Every step forward raises ..."
| |
|
Primate Intelligence, 2002.
A discussion of the parameters involved in defining intelligence and determining cause for cognitive growth in primates.
2,239 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how it has long been recognized that primates are more cognitively advanced than other mammals and how that the degree of cognitive awareness and ability grows significantly from prosimians to humans. It looks at the debate of which parameters should be used to define and compare intelligence as well as the causal factors leading to this cognitive growth. It analyzes how studying today's population of primates can shed some light on cognitive evolution and how it can also provide additional information on what makes humans unique and what can be done to eliminate primate extinction and enhance human evolution.
From the Paper
"New world monkeys spend most of their time in the treetops. Living at such heights, they feed almost entirely on leaves and fruit. There is ample food and few large predators, aside from larger snakes and some birds of prey. New world monkeys have not developed the complex communities and family groups found among old world monkeys and apes. Most species give birth to twins and live in groups of 4-20 individuals. Social structure varies from one male-one female to multi-male-multi-female groups, with usually only one breeding adult female at a time. Groups are territorial and defend their home range through calls, fur displays, scent marking and facial expressions (ibid)."
| |
|
Primate Language, 2007.
An examination of language development, focusing on primates' ability to communicate.
838 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines how language educators and researchers continue to debate how language is developed in humans. The paper further examines the differences between humans and other higher primates regarding language. The paper explores how, in order to gain more insight on how language evolved in early humans, researchers closely study language acquisition in primates.
From the Paper
"What Stokoe finds most interesting is the turning of the head, just as signers of American Sign Language turn their head and gaze to mark a change from one part of a complex structure to another. Concludes Stokoe: Children are fortunate that elementary sign language preceded spoken language. As people get older, they forget how they used their bodies, eyes and heads. However, once speech is acquired at another stage and a person is fully articulate, it is still possible to go to "Nevada or Oklahoma and enter into conversation with a chimpanzee." "
| |
|
Primate Locomotion, 2004.
This paper traces the evolution of primates locomotion.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the skeletal changes reflected in the change from arboreal to terrestrial locomotion. The author examines the evolution of primates through lemuroides, tarsiers, monkeys, apes to humans. The paper defines the structure that differentiates humans.
From the Paper
"Primates have evolved over a period of millions of years and the ultimate in evolution is the human. Over the course of time, different primates evolved different body structures, which suited their time and their lifestyle and the ecosystem into which they fit. The prosimians and the early primates were arboreal, which over time gradually descended from the trees and developed an upright stance. This was accompanied by skeletal changes to accommodate the postural changes. Primates are distinguished from other mammals by nine general features: A generalized limb ..."
|
|
|
