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The Price of Art, 2005.
Examines several factors which determine the price of art in contemporary society.
2,178 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
There are almost as many ways to argue that the price of a work of art does not necessarily reflect its aesthetic value, as there are artists and buyers, market forces and market constraints. Having said that, however, the paper shows that there are also significant and variable forces determining the prices of art; a short listing of just some of these and their probable effects in this paper make it clear that there can almost never, in fact, be a perfect marriage between a work of art and its price.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
The Arab Factor
The Propaganda Factor
Post-, post-, post -modernism and the Price Point
Two Paths to Price/Aesthetic Disparity
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Whether the government was attempting to prevent the item from leaving the country, the entire event-from the Sheikh's purchase and subsequent hoarding, to the government's art/antiquities market manipulation via legalistic means, at best, certainly would indicate that the price of this object, at least, can have little to do with its aesthetic value, but speaks more to national pride and pride of ownership. (One has not even considered either the ethics of the government in seeking to use its power in the art/antiquities market in this way, or of the Sheikh for using his own trump card-the ability to warehouse such pricey objects with no discernible harm to him.)"
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Orientalist Art Market, 2005.
This paper analyzes the impact of the September 11th terror attacks on the art industry while focusing primarily on the genre of Orientalist art.
2,307 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper centers on the fields of Far East and Near East art also known as Orientalist art. This paper presents figures and facts pertaining to the genre of Orientalist art from the auction houses of Christie' and Sotheby's as well as others. This well-researched paper discusses the general status of the art industry, while also delving into current trends. This paper examines how the 9/11 terror attacks caused sales and prices in the art industry to drastically fall around the world. This paper discusses the published reports that claim that even prior to 9/11 the art market was showing signs of slowing down. This paper contains published statistics and data pertinent to the art market in general while also presenting 6 illustrated charts and graphs relevant to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
General Art Market Analysis
Orientalist Art Market Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Luckily, the art market was able to rebound quite quickly, despite challenges in other sectors. "After the tragedy of September 11th, the art market has consistently trumped the performance of sluggish equities markets" ("Art investment", 2003). For this reason, the art market, in general, has seen a resurgence, despite the downturn attributed to September 11th. However, not all is smooth sailing for the industry. This was evidenced just prior to perhaps one of the largest events in the art market history was the sale of artwork collected by the late Malcolm Forbes. Forbes was an obsessive collector. From Faberge eggs to Orientalist paintings, Forbes collection grew for more than three decades. 361 pieces of art, from this lifetime of collecting went under the hammer at Christie's in London, in 2003."
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What is Wrong with Gasoline Prices?, 2006.
An in-depth research proposal regarding the price of gas prices and foreign policy.
6,041 words (approx. 24.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the price of gasoline and how we need to increase gasoline prices to prevent all our national policies from being determined by our thirst for oil. According to the paper, US foreign policy has become a hostage to ensuring adequate supplies of imported oil.
Outline:
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research and Review of the Problem
Crude Oil Prices and its Impact on Gasoline Prices
Political Impact of Higher Energy Prices
Objective of Study: To Advocate Higher Gasoline Prices Potential Benefits of Higher Energy Prices
Environmental Impact
Global Warming
Significance of the Study
Research Design & Methodology
Discussion
From the Paper
"The carbon dioxide produced by motor gasoline in 2003 was equivalent to 311 million metric tons of carbon [Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2005]. If we could achieve even 10% improvement in energy efficiency through use of lighter cars, it would save million of tons of oil and also reduce the carbon emission by 30 million tons. The 10% target is not just possible it is very realistic and even now a family car is about 25% more fuel efficient than a light truck (a term also applied to SUVs). The federal corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards set the fuel economy goals for new passenger cars at 27.5 miles per gallon (mpg). The regulations do not classify SUVs as cars but as light trucks. The light trucks only have to achieve 20.7 mpg. Even this is taken as an average of all light trucks and some SUVs operate at 12 mpg and can remain on the road legally. Some SUVs like Ford Excursions don't even qualify as light trucks and are not subject to CAFE standard."
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Loss Leader Pricing, 2007.
An examination of the pricing schemes used by Wal-Mart.
1,022 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the loss leader pricing scheme employed by retail businesses like Wal-Mart. It explains how this pricing scheme should be included in Wal-Mart's pricing strategies in order to increase the volume of goods sold and therefore the amount of profits realized by the company. The writer discusses how a retailer such as Wal-Mart relies mostly on economy and occasionally loss leader pricing to maintain profitability. The writer suggests that a successful retailer such as Wal-Mart must make use of a variety of pricing schemes in order to be profitable. The writer notes that Wal-Mart is a success because it sells products at low prices that people want to buy, satisfying customer's wants and needs. The writer concludes that Wal-Mart should continue using a combination of pricing strategies, to include loss leader pricing, to entice consumers to shop in their stores.
From the Paper
"I am asked if Wal-Mart should use loss leader pricing? One must consider the overall effects of such a practice as well as the company objectives in instituting such a policy. Additionally, a variety of pricing schemes and strategies must be understood as well as the intentions of such schemes. First, loss leader pricing is an aggressive pricing strategy where a retailer sells goods for less than they bought them for, attracting more consumers to their stores. The hope is that these consumers will buy other goods and more than offset the cost of the good being sold for a loss. This is a type of promotional pricing strategy which is a very effective method of pricing."
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Price Gouging, 2007.
This paper discusses the issue of price gouging by oil companies.
2,151 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer presents a detailed examination of the topic of suspected price gouging by oil companies. Using concrete recent examples of well known companies, including Exxon Mobile, the writer explores allegations of price gouging and argues that it is unfair for oil companies to take advantage of consumers when consumers have supported them for years. According to the writer, social responsibility should supercede corporate responsibility. The writer concludes that the time has come for the oil companies to recognize their social responsibilities and protect the consumers who have kept them in business since their inception. Further, the writer claims that the oil companies need to lower their prices so that the consumer can again trust the prices are fair to everyone involved. The writer includes in this paper approximately 30 pages of source copies.
Outline:
Introduction
The Problem
Current Gas Prices and Price History
Conclusion
References
Source Copies
From the Paper
"According to studies conducted with regards to gasoline refiners are getting more of a profit out of each gallon now than they were at this time a year ago. Crude producers are getting an additional 47 cents a gallon. After Katrina and the price of oil company products began to increase rapidly, Congress held a special session in which many experts and oil company representatives testified regarding the accusation of price gouging. The companies maintained their belief that it was not their work that was price gouging but it was the retailers who sold the gasoline that were participating in price gouging. Retail representatives responded that it was nonsense, pointing out that their customers would not remain loyal if they suddenly began upping the price of gasoline compared to the retailer across the street."
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The Price of Gasoline, 2002.
An examination of the rising price of gasoline in an international context as well as the effect of these prices on the OPEC countries.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the price rise of gasoline in the United States as well as in other countries. The paper discusses the effect of the decision on the price of gasoline given by the OPEC countries.
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"The Pricing Problem", 2002.
This paper examines the issues of pricing problems and considerations for establishing accurate pricing policies.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
The term pricing problem refers to the issue of establishing accurate prices that reflect both the product offered, the availability of that particular type of product and the overall quality of the product that is being offered. Paper contains footnotes.
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Gasoline Prices and the Economy, 2004.
An overview of the changing prices of gasoline over the years and the effect on the American economy.
12,955 words (approx. 51.8 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 246.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how crude oil has proved to be one of the most versatile forms of energy and how man has used this fundamental law of energy conversation to make life easier for himself and the community at large. It explores the topic of gasoline from its refining to its conservation and, in particular, the factors affecting its ever-changing price and the economy.
Outline
Introduction
Information About Crude Oil
Refining of Crude Oil in the United States and Worldwide
Workforce in the Petroleum Industry
The History of International Petroleum Pricing
The Achnacarry Agreement
The Rise of OPEC Power in the 70?s
Effect of Oil Price Increase on the U.S. Economy
Variables Affecting the Cost of Petroleum Products
Impact of Price Increase on the U.S. Economy
Impact of Petroleum Price Increase on the World Economy
Political Influence on Price Increase
Petroleum Product Transportation and Distribution
Petroleum and the Transportation Industry
Types of Fuel Used in the Transportation Industry
Fluctuating Fuel Prices in Recent Times
Impact of Prolonged Petroleum Use on the Economy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The high cost of oil production in the U.S. would also be impacted by the price decrease as a result of the additional capacity in Iraq. The U.S. producers would become uncompetitive and may eventually have to stop production of oil in current oil and gas-producing states of Alaska, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas and Wyoming. The U.S. government may have to impose tariffs and taxes on imported oil in order to keep the local U.S. producers competitive. (Bartis, 2003) Oil exploration and distribution channels can cost billions of dollars to develop. This includes the location and identifying of oil wells, the size and capacity of the well, the type of geography of the area and the long-term potential of the oil well are all-important factors in the cost of the oil production set up for any oil well site. It takes time and effort from the identification of the oil well to the actual production of crude oil."
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Marketing And Pricing Problems, 2002.
Analyzes pricing as a major priority of the marketing mix.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, $ 95.95
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Abstract
Analyzes pricing as a major priority of the marketing mix. End price of the product. Issue of consumer affordability & company profits. Pricing policies of the pharmaceutical industry. AIDS medication high pricing. Drug company lobbying. Fair pricing concept. Altenative pricing strategies such as tier pricing. Role of government regarding subsidies, provision of drugs & medication to the elderly.
From the Paper
"Production, distribution, and marketing all add up to the desire for consumer acceptance of a product or service. But, within that marketing mix pricing is a major priority. The reason is simple: the product has to be worth the end price.
Pricing is a component of the marketing mix and thereby is not treated in isolation from the broad objectives?developed?which might include high return on investment or high market share (Paley 273).
The customer has to be able to afford to buy at various price points. The pricing has to be established so the company can earn a fair return on its investment in facilities, raw material, marketing expenses and other overhead."
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Fisher Price Marketing, 1999.
Evaluates the needs for thefirm's marketing of the "ATV Explorer" toy. Examines pricing, segmentation, industry conditions and management.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This case study is a microcosm of many concepts of marketing, many of them far removed from what appears to be a simple price-point problem. That price-point problem is stated in the beginning -- a mold price for a projected toy can't be made for a budgeted price, thereby resulting in the need for a higher price ($18 versus $12). This was a strong point of departure for the Fisher-Price company, since few of its items sold for more than $5 (Diamond, 1971, 1).
From the Paper
FISHER PRICE TOYS
Introduction
This case study is a microcosm of many concepts of marketing, many of them far removed from what appears to be a simple price-point problem. That price-point problem is stated in the beginning -- a mold price for a projected toy can't be made for a budgeted price, thereby resulting in the need for a higher price ($18 versus $12). This was a strong point of departure for the Fisher-Price company, since few of its items sold for more than $5 (Diamond, 1971, 1).
Segmentation
Overall, the Fisher-Price toy company is a conservative operation that has an industry segment in the category of well manufactured, reliable ..."
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Price Discrimination Within the Airline Industry, 2007.
Reviews and discusses five articles that deal with price discrimination in the airline industry.
5,023 words (approx. 20.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
Since the airline industry in the United States was deregulated in 1978, there have been many articles written regarding the fares that are charged by various airlines, and the idea that price discrimination or predatory pricing may be taking place. Most of the concern that has been seen lately is much more focused on the major airlines and whether they are using predatory pricing practices, which would therefore discourage lower-cost competition from entering the field. This paper looks at five specific journal articles that deal with price discrimination and utilizes that information to discuss the hypothesis and the rationale for research into the issue. After this is done and the information examined, conclusions and recommendations are drawn regarding airline industry pricing.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Model
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"It can be argued by some that the airline industry is seen as having 'an empty core,' meaning that there are not any customers that cannot be taken from one airline by a rival that is heavily price-competitive. In other words, airlines find that they are in a situation where, when the price that they charge is equalized with the minimum average cost, the capacity that they have is greater than their demand. From this it can be argued that one of the most reasonable responses to such a problem is to start developing cartels or some kind of long-term relationships between sellers and buyers."
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Oil Prices and the U.S. Economy, 2004.
An analysis of the price increments of oil and gas and the effect it has on the U.S. economy.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that the price of oil has a measurable impact on the economy. However, the paper explores at what point the terrorist attack of 2001, the corporate scandals of 2002 and the Iraq war of 2003 became simply economic footnotes rather than an influencing factor on the buying power of the American public. The paper explains that since the price of oil does not exist in an economic vacuum, there are some indicators that can be tied directly to the price of oil. The paper claims that understanding the impact of oil prices involves examining the economic effects that occur directly following rising oil prices and placing those effects in their proper context.
From the Paper
"It is this fact that makes the case that although oil prices are extremely high, they are not to the catastrophic levels that investor psychology proclaims them to be. But the oil price increase is nevertheless significant, especially with the percent of increase for oil prices as high as it has been. It therefore may appear confusing that the economy has been able to resist a major pull downward. Restraint by the Federal Reserve, undaunted consumer confidence and fearless corporate purchasing have all contributed to the economy's ability to weather the oil price storm."
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Gas Prices, 2005.
This paper discusses the rising gas prices and its effect on the economy.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the strangest issues about gas prices is that, even though they are rising rapidly, the variance of how much gasoline costs per gallon on any given day across the country is fascinating. The author points out that many people believe that the reason gas prices have risen so high is that America basically is at war in the Middle East now; however, there are gas stations across the country that do not buy gasoline from the Middle East and instead purchase it from gasoline and oil suppliers within the United States and other countries. The paper stresses that gas prices are rising so rapidly because demand is coming from not only consumer transportation but also from almost everything, which is brought to the various grocers, supermarkets, department stores and other stores, which comes by truck at least for some part of its journey. This increased price of transportation will result in increased prices for every item in the transportation-based economy.
From the Paper
"Naturally, the reasons behind why gas prices are rising are important but how gas prices and their rise is affecting the economy is even more significant. There are several affects on the economy. First, those that are involved with the ownership of gasoline stations, oil refineries, and others that work closely with this type of product are seeing higher profits, but they also have to spend more money for the items that they need to create an end product for the purchaser of gasoline (Kirms, 2005). In other words, companies that buy oil from the Middle East and other suppliers are making money because the gas prices are so high. On the other hand, these same individuals must also pay more money than they used to pay to get the barrels of oil that they need to create gasoline. Many people think that the economy is being affected generally by gas companies and oil companies gouging the public to make huge profits. In reality, however, most of the gasoline companies and many of the oil companies are not actually making any more money, because it is all being spent to purchase what is needed to finally get the gasoline to the consumer."
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Price Discrimination, 2008.
An overview of pricing policy and ethical issues with a focus on the automobile industry.
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how price discrimination is not a foreign or an illegal policy within economics or the marketing sphere although it is obvious that within the auto car sales industry there have been observations of discriminatory pricing practices that can only discourage sales and are considered unethical. The paper then outlines the ethical policies about pricing that the corporate office has mandated for the dealer community and also provides a strategic design to determine if discriminatory pricing is being practiced.
Outline
Monitoring Mechanisms
Discriminatory Pricing- Practical Recommendations
From the Paper
"Price discrimination in a general sphere is when two different prices are charged for the same good, (McConnell and Brue, 2005, p 50). It might seem strange that this can happen, but many markets practice this. For example, the business class (first class) and coach type of travel is an example of how individuals pay different prices for the same good. Or movie tickets for adults and children to see the same movie at different prices. Clearly, this report is being compiled because the price discrimination being practiced within the auto industry that has gotten media attention is not the same thing. "
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Oil Prices and the U.S. Economy, 2008.
Examines the economic effects that occur directly following rising oil prices and places those effects in their proper context.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of oil prices and the economic effects that occur directly following rising oil prices. The paper suggests that tapping large oil resources in Canada will help decrease the cost of crude oil but warns that the voracious appetite of the Chinese economy for fuel may not yet have peaked. The paper points out that regardless of the direction of oil prices it is clear that the United States is in the unenviable position of being forced to find an alternative fuel source for the future. In conclusion, the paper shows that as the leader of the global economy, American will bear the bulk of the costs associated with this effort but will hopefully reap the majority of the rewards and until that time, oil prices will continue to have a significant impact on the US economy.
Outline:
Rising Oil Prices Hurt the Consumer in a Number of Ways
The Resilient American Economy
Peaked or Transitioning Higher
From the Paper
"Just four years later, Huber's article seems less accurate than it might have been viewed at the time it was written and yet, many of the indications presented in the article can be reasonably said to have survived the economic tumult that rising oil prices have caused in the US. It is, however, difficult to assess how much of an impact the price of oil is responsible for causing to various aspects of the economy. To be sure, oil price has a measurable impact, but at what point does the terrorist attack of 2001, the corporate scandals of 2002 and the Iraq war of 2003 become simply economic footnotes rather than an influencing factor on the buying power of the American public. After all, the price of oil does not exist in an economic vacuum and yet there are some indicators that can be tied directly to the price of oil."
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