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The Portuguese Language (O Portugues), 2008.
A linguistic description of the Portuguese language, which ranks in sixth in the overall number of speakers of any language.
2,730 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Portuguese is an Indo-European language, which originated from the Vulgar Latin about two thousand years ago. The author points out that, as Christians conquered the peninsula, a lot of the grammar and words used in Spain and France greatly influenced the modern Portuguese language although the morphology and syntax were only slightly changed. The paper reports that Portuguese is a pluricentric language, which varies from its geographic locations but remains one language. The author describes its phonology, vowels, morphology, syntax, lexicon and pragmatics.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History
Phonology
Vowels in Portuguese
Morphology and Syntax
Lexicon
Pragmatics
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Notice that there are actually three ways that one may say, "You make" in Portuguese. Vos fazeis is actually very archaic and is only used in Holy Scriptures or when praying to God. If you dare mention this, people would look at you very weird. It is similar to the use of ye in English which no one uses anymore (I hope not!). Now depending whether one is in Portugal or Brazil, the use of tu and voce varies. In the Portuguese spoken in Portugal, this dialect is considered as an honorable title. The pronoun voce is used when speaking to older people or when showing respect."
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The History of the Portuguese Language, 2002.
A look at the Portuguese language from the start to modern times.
3,295 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of the Portuguese language from 218 BC to the present modern-day Portuguese. The paper also discusses the various Portuguese speaking countries and traces the language from its inception. Statistics and maps showing numbers and area distribution of the Portuguese language are also included.
From the Paper
"The Portuguese language, which evolved from spoken Latin, developed on the west coast of the Iberian Peninsula (now Portugal and the Spaniard province of Galicia) included in the province the Romans called Lusitania. When the Romans invaded the peninsula in 218 B.C. the people living in the region adopted Latin, the Roman's language" (on-line, orbital). From then until the 9th century, all spoke Romance, which is a language representing an intermediate stage between vulgar or common Latin and modern Latin languages, which include Portuguese, Castilian (Spanish from Spain), French and Galician (on-line, cplp)."
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The Portuguese Community of Santa Clara, 2002.
A history of the Portuguese Community of Santa Clara, California from 1900 to present.
2,863 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief history of the Portuguese immigration to California which began on September 18, 1542. It looks at how today the Portuguese in Santa Clara have indeed come a long way since the time their forefathers first settled in the beautiful valley dotted with orchards and dairy farms. Now named Silicon Valley, the city is home to the silicon chip industry, which is the backbone of the multi billion dollar computer hardware industry. It shows how the dedication and spirit of enterprise shown by the members of the local community have contributed in no small measure to the tremendous economic and social development the city has witnessed over the past century.
Outline
History of Portuguese Immigration into Santa Clara
Portuguese Culture and Heritage
The Portuguese Historical Museum
Economics and Commerce in Santa Clara
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Portuguese community had developed a closely-knit, supportive culture through the channels of community centers and organizations that they set up, and by periodic cultural events that were held by them. Dedicated to preserving the culture and heritage of their homeland, the early Portuguese settlers started many fraternal organizations. Foremost among them was the Sociedade do Espirito Santo (S.E.S.), which was founded on December 16, 1895 in Santa Clara6. The S.E.S. Corporation building now stands at the corner of Lewis and Lafayette Streets, and this is the place where annual celebrations and social functions are held."
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Alba Organics and the Portuguese Market, 2006.
Assesses the risk of Alba Organics entering the Portuguese market.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Alba Organics has a unique product offering of high quality, herbal based, cruelty free skincare products. They have been committed to the development of what they deem to be Consciousness Cosmetics for more than a decade. The paper shows that entry into the Portuguese market offers certain benefits, such as the Portuguese people's commitment to high moral standards, which would be conducive to cruelty-free, environmentally responsible products such as Alba Organics. The paper shows, however, that there are also risks that need to be taken into consideration.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Company Overview and History
Portugal Overview and Culture
The Portuguese Economy
Portugal's Infrastructure
Portuguese Geo-Political Issues
Portuguese Exchange Rate
The Skincare Market Industry in Portugal
Method of Product Entry
Summary
References
From the Paper
"In 2001 through 2003, Portugal lost some economic ground. However, it began to see renewed growth in 2004, but still remains to be one of the poorest EU members. This is partially due to moderately high inflation and unemployment rates, as well as the difficulty the country is having in keeping the public debt within the EU limits. Portugal's primary economic challenges lie in the need to modernize their markets, industry, workforce and infrastructure ("Portugal", 2005)."
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Modern Portuguese Literature, 2005.
A discussion on three romantic, realist and neo-realist figures of modern Portuguese literature.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Portuguese romantic and Brazilian realist authors of importance in Dinis and Azevedo, en route to the 20th century poet, De Oliveira's neo-realism. The paper examines them in the light of an uncertain Portuguese society of great class divisions, a parochial Church, and debate concerning a possibly democratic public. It shows the important role of bourgeios authors in pulling together old aristocratic vs. vernacular letters.
From the Paper
"Three Romantic, Realist and Contemporary Figures of Modern Portuguese Literature. Introduction This paper explores the romantic literary contributions of Julio Dinis in As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor, Aluisio Azevedo's O cortico, and the social and psychological romantic poetry of Carlos de Oliveira as found in Uma Abelha na Chuva. It is written by a student who speaks both Portuguese and English and is intended for an English reader, in order to provide an introduction to tendencies in modern Portuguese literature that may be little known. Effort has been made to situate works within the historical development of Portugal and Brazil, and with attention to the authors' backgrounds within two Portuguese-speaking cultures that were long very divided between its educated and uneducated classes."
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"The Portuguese" by George Braque, 2002.
This essay looks at how Cubist art in general and "The Portuguese" by George Braque specifically drew from and expanded on the consciousness and experiences of the modern age of technology.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The writer examines the works of George Braque and shows how he was the lesser known of the two founders of Cubism, always in the shadow of Pablo Picasso. This essay examines the artistic foundations behind one of the earliest Cubist works of Braque, "The Portuguese", and explains the unique importance of this painting in its day and even now.
From the Paper
"An examination of Georges Braque?s The Portuguese, painted in 1911, and the Cubist movement created by Braque and Picasso, helps show how technology was first widely used both instinctively and deliberately by artists. The Portuguese is an oil on canvas work approximately four feet by three feet in size; the colors are monochromatic in tone, thus emphasizing structure over the gently shaded colors. The subject matter of the painting is not the external world or nature; the painting exists within a reality and world of its own. This alone was revolutionary. Like most Cubist art, it has a restricted setting and manmade objects predominate over natural ones (Hughes 16). In this phase of what was known as analytical cubism objects were taken apart (dissected) and reshaped with the use of flat intersecting planes; perspective is two-dimensional and depth is limited. Four hundred years of Renaissance traditions (form, color, and space) were thrown out by The Portuguese and other Cubist works. Instead of a single vantage point at a single moment in time, the viewer sees the painting from many angles and at many different moments; the fixed point of view is gone. The painting also includes stenciled letters and numbers. Braque wrote, ?...as part of a desire to to come as close as possible to a certain kind of reality, in 1911 I introduced letters into my paintings.? In summary then, the elements above make The Portuguese one of the first examples of a painting as a unique object set in a revolutionary form. The degree of abstraction in Cubist art was also revolutionary. This new perception of the world came at a time of great transformation in society, and this work of Braque, seen within the larger context of Cubism, borrows much from the elements of the new world. "
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Comparison of Portuguese and Chinese Immigrant., 2002.
A look at how Portuguese and Chinese immigrants have influenced Canadian society.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
A comparison of Portuguese and Chinese immigrant groups, and how they have Integrated into Canadian Society over the past 20-30 years.
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Portuguese Farm Policy and the European Union, 2002.
This paper discusses the effect of the European Union (EU) policy on Portugal?s agriculture.
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the European Union funding programs did not improve Portugal?s ability to competitive with other European Countries in the agriculture market. The paper details the EU Common Agricultural Policy, the current Portuguese agriculture situation, the food retailers and the character of Portuguese Farms. It concludes that agricultural policies will not be enough to slow the transition of the younger generation from farmers into other areas.
From the Paper
"When Portugal entered the EU, it did so from a position of lagging far behind other countries in technology and production methods. Its chief agricultural exports are grain, potatoes, olives, grapes, sheep, cattle, goats, and poultry, beef and dairy products. Only 10% of the country is engaged in agriculture as compared to 60% in services and 30% in industry. As of 1999, Portugal imported more agricultural products than it produced (Eurostat, 2001)."
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The Maritime Empires of the Portuguese and the Dutch, 2006.
An assessment of the importance of means over motivation in the establishment of the maritime empires of the Portugese and the Dutch.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the creation of the Dutch and Portugese maritime empires, attempting to understand the primary impetus. The author maintains that in both the Dutch and Portuguese cases, means-not motivation-was the major factor in determining the creation and form of the countries' respective empires.
The Portuguese Maritime Empire in Monsoon Asia (1498-1825)
The Dutch Maritime Empire (1400-1800)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the first stages of imperial expansion, means is more important than motivation. Some empires, such as the Dutch (though not the Portuguese), have a pre-imperialist phase of expansion in which this is particularly true. In this earliest stag, the country is simply trying to preserve the status quo, as the Dutch were trying to preserve their access to spices at the end of the 16th century. Without planning to, they lay the groundwork for imperialism-in the Dutch case, by consolidating trade under the VOC and forming alliances with Asian leaders not already allied with the Portuguese. Only when the necessary means for empire materialize does the country opportunistically and imperialistically expand."
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Portuguese and Spanish Conquests: 1450 - 1550, 2008.
An analysis of the greatness of Portugal and Spain between 1450 and 1550, particularly with regards to their expeditions and conquests.
1,568 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of the first colonial empires, namely those of Spain and Portugal. It then discusses some of the naval expeditions that were organized at the orders of the kings of Spain and Portugal and how these expeditions resulted in significant discoveries on the part of European explorers. The paper aims to illustrate that, although the Spanish colonial empire was very large as far as total surface, it was Portugal that represented the greatest naval power with world-wide long-lasting impact.
From the Paper
"The first global empire in the history of mankind, the Portuguese Empire consisted of a group of territories with distinct geographical and racial features, but unified by the same identity and ideals, by a common language and religion. These territories were Cape Verde, Guinea and Angola in West Africa, S. Thomas and Principe located in the Gulf of Guinea, Mozambique in East Africa, far-off Timor in Indonesia, India and Macau in the China Sea. All these territories made up the same whole, i.e. a political organism. This political organism, consisting of Mother-Country, colonies and adjacent islands - called the Portuguese Nation, was considered unitary and indivisible (Ferreira Mendes: 230) and spanned from the middle of the 15th century until the independence of Macau, the last territory that was still part of the former Portuguese Empire, in 1999."
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O.M. Scott and Company, 2007.
This paper provides a profile and case study of O.M. Scott and Company.
1,463 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the O.M. Scott leveraged buyout case was an example of 1980s creative financing, in which a large corporation in deep debt was able to not only be bought out by a company it then took over, but gained momentum and credit credibility. The writer further explains that O.M. Scott manufactures, markets and sells lawn care and garden products; and provides garden maintenance services. The writer points out that O.M. Scott & Sons was sold and became a closely held company following the war, when, in 1971, it was bought out by ITT. O.M. Scott & Sons remained within the conglomerate until 1986. In this article, the writer looks at related problems and discusses possible alternative courses of action.
Outline:
Introduction
Background of Company
History
Analysis of Case
Major Problems
Alternative Course of Action
Analysis of Alternatives
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At the end of fiscal 1961, Scott and its subsidiaries had $16.2 million of long-term debt outstanding, $12 million in renewable five-year subordinated notes of the parent company held by four insurance companies and a trustee, and $4.2 million in publicly held bonds owed by Scotts Chemical Plant, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary."
"The governing loan indenture limited the company's maximum outstanding debt to an amount not greater than three times the company's "equity working capital" as of the preceding March 31. The note indenture restricted outstanding subordinated notes to only 60% of maximum allowed debt. The agreement also required that Scott be free of bank debt for 60 consecutive days each year and that the company earn before taxes one and a half times its fixed financial charges, including interest on funded and unfunded debt, amortization of debt discount, and rentals on leased properties."
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Flannery O?Connor, 2004.
This paper discusses two stories by Flannery O?Connor, ?Revelation? and ?Everything that Rises Must Converge?.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the characters in ?Revelation? and ?Everything that Rises Must Converge? and the way O?Connor uses them to illustrate the absurdity of self-absorption and arrogance. The author points out that both stories illustrate how O?Connor uses everyday circumstances and people to make her points. Some individuals never fully grasp the extent of their prejudice; on the other hand, others do, but only after a shocking jolt of reality. The paper concludes that, by crafting realistic characters that experience radical situations, O?Connor illustrates the frailty and the strength of the human will.
From the Paper
"In the story ?Revelation,? the character of observation is Mrs. Turpin, who believes she is a good person. However, as we read the story, we become aware that Mrs. Turpin?s value system leaves much to be desired. We discover that she determines an individual?s worth by race or how much property an individual owns. In fact, we are told that she lies in bed at night ?naming the classes of people? (O?Connor 405). However, her system is flawed because she has difficulty ?classifying common people who had a lot of money ?who ought to be below she and Claud? (405), good people who had lost their money and ?colored people who owned their homes and land? (405-6). These thoughts illustrate Mrs. Turpin?s shallow thinking."
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Flannery O?Connor: ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?, 2002.
This paper analyzes Flannery O?Connor?s short story ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The author reviews Flannery O?Connor?s short story ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?. She states that O?Connor?s writing reflects her southern and Catholic traditions. Although she cannot be read as part of the feminist literary tradition, O?Connor is important to contemporary American fiction.
From the Paper
"The words of the grandmother might seem sentimental, were she not speaking to a man who is a homicidal killer, about to blow her away to ?kingdom come.? ?A Good Man is Hard to Find? depicts a rather repulsive young family, including June Star who ?wouldn?t live in a broken-down place? for a ?million bucks? and the rather irritating grandmother. (7) But because the grandmother is able to see some brief snatch of humanity in the ?Misfit? who eventually kills her, O?Connor bestows her with a kind of grace in terms of the narrative?s judgment."
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Othello and 'O', 2006.
This paper compares William Shakespeare's play "Othello" to the motion picture "O" directed by Tim Blake Nelson.
1,573 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that William Shakespeare's 'Othello' emits a vision of evil that is altered in Tim Blake Nelson's cinematic interpretation, 'O', due to several changes in sociological settings. Such changes occur in the portrayal of Iago's social life, in particular family, friends and drugs, which in turn leads to a difference in mental states between 'Othello''s Iago and 'O''s Hugo. The writer points out that the shifting of what is to blame for their evilness results in different sources of evil between the movie and the play. The writer maintains that it can be said that the source of evil in the film 'O' is society, in other words nurture. The writer concludes that the fact that William Shakespeare doesn't give any explanation for why Iago is the evil person he has come to be, means that Shakespeare believes evil is a force of nature.
From the Paper
"This is the only real contact they had with each other throughout the movie. Iago is also friends with other characters such as Gratiano and Lodovico while Hugo's relationship with his fellow teammates isn't evident in the movie. Another significant difference is that Cassio, while Othello's lieutenant and most trusted comrade, is not his best friend off the battlefield. Iago is and he knows it. Conversely, Hugo thinks O is better friends with Mike, since O is always more enthusiastic and excited around Mike than Hugo, probably because of the basketball bond. This lack of friendship causes Hugo to be isolated and feel like no one likes him or even acknowledges him. Moreover, this pushes Hugo to begrudge those around him, especially O and Desie.
"Hugo takes drugs for a couple reasons. He takes steroids to keep up with O and to be noticed on the basketball court and does cocaine to help him deal with school, sports and the people around him."
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Flannery O?Connor: ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?, 2002.
This paper analyzes Flannery O?Connor?s short story ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The author reviews Flannery O?Connor?s short story ?A Good Man is Hard to Find?. She states that O?Connor?s writing reflects her Southern and Catholic traditions. Although she cannot be read as part of the feminist literary tradition, O?Connor is important to contemporary American fiction.
From the Paper
"The words of the grandmother might seem sentimental, were she not speaking to a man who is a homicidal killer, about to blow her away to ?kingdom come.? ?A Good Man is Hard to Find? depicts a rather repulsive young family, including June Star who ?wouldn?t live in a broken-down place? for a ?million bucks? and the rather irritating grandmother. (7) But because the grandmother is able to see some brief snatch of humanity in the ?Misfit? who eventually kills her, O?Connor bestows her with a kind of grace in terms of the narrative?s judgment."
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