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Pornography - A Violence Against Women, 2006.
A look at the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual risk of pornography.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual risk of pornography to women, children and perhaps society at large. This paper also reviews the passionate debate over pornography in contemporary society, the issues of which center on its permissibility, violence, moral significance, and impact on social beliefs and behaviors.
From the Paper
"Since pornography is a pervasive and persistent social phenomenon which generates eight billion dollars per year in the United States alone (Dworkin 28), there can be no doubt that it colors--at least to some degree--the beliefs, attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors of its consumers, the overwhelming majority of which are males. Pornography consistently portrays sexual activity within the context of male power, supremacy, and oftentimes violence. Those who recognize this systematic and negative image of women are naturally concerned that it limits female roles and importance in all societal realms. They assert a connection between sexual subjugation in the bedroom with sexual inequality in the office, market, political arena, etc.
As an illustration of this, consider the social stigma attached to rape. Some claim victims deserve it or in fact want it; this is statement is typically uttered by men. It is plausible these reactions to rape have been fostered in part by exposure to pornography; the sexual nature of rape makes the association to pornography quite palpable. However, reflect on the existence of sexual discrimination in the workplace. Despite the fact that change is underway, it is common knowledge women are frequently paid less than men for the same position, all other variables equal. Following the current theme of the discussion, an explanation for gender-based income discrimination stems from the notion that pornography engenders within men a holistic perception of women as inferior beings. Said differently, since men are the powerful figure in pornographic material and given that many men are exposed to it (in one form or another), the subordinate female role is extended into the workplace."
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Sexual Violence And Pornography, 2002.
Examines how pornography interacts with sexual violence.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 15 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Examines how pornography interacts with sexual violence. Question of whether pornography promotes sexual violence. The objectification of women. Women as victims. Causal relationship between exposure to porno and the acceptance of rape myth. Desensitization of males toward rape. Pornography's message of male domination and contempt for women's dignity.
From the Paper
"Pornography and Sexual Violence
Introduction
The question of whether or not pornography promotes sexual violence has been discussed by Scott and Cuvelier (1993) who make the point that there is a consensus that the amount of sexually violent material has increased dramatically in recent years and that the violence in pornography is associated with increased violence toward women. Barron and Kimmel (2000) note that sexually violent content in magazine, video, and Internet pornography tends to victimize women and present visions of women's victimization as acceptable forms of sexual activity. This brief report will examine the question of whether or not pornography promotes sexual violence against women and men as well as children.
In general ..."
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How Pornography Promotes Sexual Violence Against Women, 2002.
Examines pornography's negative depiction of woman and its resulting negative impact on women.
4,013 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the position that pornography promotes sexual violence against women and cites several factors that support this position. It also explores some of the reasons the issue of pornography has been so controversial and some of the arguments made by proponents of pornography.
From the Paper
"Defining and regulating pornography has been a difficult task for the United States where free speech is protected under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and is the backbone of what defines us as a free society. Webster?s Dictionary defines pornography as: writings, pictures, etc. intended primarily to arouse sexual desire. (Neufeldt et al.) Though different people may argue over the definitions and reasons for pornography ?the producers, sellers, and consumers of pornography have a clear understanding of its meaning. For them it is a written or visual product showing sexual anatomy and/or sexual activity designed to promote sexual arousal.? (McCuen) But does pornography in and of itself promote sexual violence against women? There is no doubt that through the ages many men have sought and attained sexual access through violent action or the threat of such action. No national culture has been without rape. The forcible sexual assault of strangers, associates, friends and relatives alike has been a universal occurrence throughout the history of mankind, and it has remained so in contemporary society."
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The Regulation of Pornography and Child Pornography, 2001.
A discussion of the regulation of pornography on the internet.
9,220 words (approx. 36.9 pages), 48 sources, $ 190.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two different issues within one context, the Internet: the regulation of harmful content such as pornography and regulation of illegal content such as child pornography. The paper also examines the current initiatives to regulate the availability of illegal and harmful content on the Internet. The paper then proposes a multi-layered' solution for the regulation of pornographic content on the Internet. "
From the Paper
"Pornography has been the most controversial topic arising from the use of the Internet in recent years. Its availability on the Internet has caused fear and a 'moral panic' among the government, law enforcement bodies such as the police, prosecutors and judges together with the media in general. There is no settled definition of pornography in a multi-national environment such as the Internet and cultural, moral and legal variations all around the world make it difficult to define 'pornographic content' in a global society."
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Violence Against Women Act, 2007.
This paper describes the Violence Against Women Act passed in the US and advocates for international recognition of this social issue.
3,028 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the issue of violence against women, with an emphasis on the US legislation bearing this name. The author argues that even though violence against women is no longer openly accepted in the West, and even disapproved of, it still happens. The author also discusses violence in third world nations, and the need for a UN resolution against this practice. Finally, the author points to several factors that may contribute to violence against women, including men growing up in abusive households and pornography.
Introduction
Violence Against Women
Violence Against Women Act
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is widely accepted that a great deal of violence occurs in the family setting. Findings from research on family violence may serve as a point of departure (Fleming, 1979; Kincaid, 1985; Pagelow, 1984; Schechter, 1982; Straus et al., 1980; Walker, 1984). There are disagreements about the nature of the impact of family violence on the behavior of children, but it is not necessary to resolve the minor debates in order to pursue the logic presented here. Nor will much time be spent debating the link between financially troubled families and the likelihood of family violence. Currie (1985) and others show quite effectively that economically disadvantaged families are more likely to produce violent offspring. An argument can be posed in response to these findings. The economic factors are frequently treated as minor problems that do not require urgent response. We can appreciate the long-range implications of decreased social support for families (Currie, 1987, pp. 11-12), but those in policy making positions feel the need to respond immediately to the more dramatic forms of adult violence."
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Censoring Pornography, 2003.
This paper discusses the controversial topic of pornography and argues that not all pornography is obscene.
2,395 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial subject of pornography as both an emotional subject and one that deals with morals, privacy, and the 1st Amendment. This paper discusses two extreme views about pornography. One stance takes the side for pornography, defending the naked body as art, or an expression of passion between two people, a venue of materials, which is meant for adults. The other case argues that pornography is sick, immoral, obscene, and to an extreme, some believe it should be illegal. By reading this paper, the author hopes to prove that not all pornography is obscene, and perhaps should be given a second chance.
From the Paper
"This fundamental argument is what will keep people in a disagreement on pornography forever. But what people need to understand is that everybody has the right to view what the want to view, whether is be obscene or not. Just as people have their rights to view it, people have their rights not to view and to not be forced to watch it. This is why playboy TV and the spice channel and shows such as red shoe diaries, are all on pay channels, which a person makes a choice to subscribe to. Just as Hustler, Cheri, Penthouse, and other adult publications are ordered by choice, and by law are mailed in black plastic bags, and in this manner everybody is protected under the first amendment. People who are pro censure have been protected, they are not forced to view it, and the choice to view or not to view is preserved. On the topic of age limits, there may be some common ground among censures and pornographers. They will agree that interior of specialty stores such as Le Sex Shoppe be blocked from view from outside, liquor stores choosing to carry adult magazines stock such materials in a blocked adults only section, and the sale of pornographic materials may be made only to adults ages 18 and over. But still many people will argue that the only solution to pornography is that it be banned all together."
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Pornography and Its Impact on Civil Society, 2001.
An argument which examines the pornographic industry and issues surrounding pornography and concludes that pornography has the power to poison hearts and minds.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper is an argument against pornography, as the author asserts that pornography destroys marriages, families, and individual lives. The issues are examined under the following titles: Sexual Instruction, Promoting Rape, Shattering A Child s Innocence, Intimacy and Addiction, Hiding Behind The First Amendment.
From the Paper
"But an analytical look at the impact of pornography on our society suggests that sexually explicit images have far graver ramifications than most people would ever suspect. Studies link pornography to sexual dysfunction, rape, child molestation, and many other socially destructive behaviors. "
Plag
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Helen Longino's "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom", 2008.
This paper rejects Helen Longino's position on pornography as presented in her work, "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom: A Closer Look".
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Helen Longino argues in her article "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom: A Closer Look" that pornography by its nature is harmful to women and should be controlled and eliminated. The author maintains that Longino bases this position on tenuous distinctions between pornography and erotica and on the liberal use of universal claims about the effect that pornography has on women and their place in society. The paper contends that, despite her superficially well-reasoned article, a closer examination of Longino's claims and analysis reveals problems that undermine her argument. The paper then asserts that pornography cannot be considered necessarily and categorically harmful to women. The paper concludes that the marginal harm that pornography might cause in isolated incidents is not great enough to justify banning pornography and restricting this form of sexual expression.
From the Paper
"Longino argues that these harms are cause enough to invoke laws and regulations that would limit freedom of expression and sexual expression. But are these harms entirely plausible? Is the potential for these harms to be realized justification enough to ban pornography. F.M. Christensen would say no, that efforts to ban pornography through limitations on freedoms--especially freedom of expression--is reprehensible and much more harmful to society than the potential ills of pornography. On this point, I agree with Christensen."
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Pornography Through the Eyes of Karl Marx, 2006.
An analysis of pornography as a phenomena of exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie.
2,984 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
The paper proposes that pornography, although thousands of years old, has evolved in the past decades as a reaction to the rise of feminism and racial equality. The paper uses the Marxian concept of "ideology", which it defines as beliefs used to justify social stratification, to define pornography within the context of white, male wielders of power. The paper cites feminist Andrea Dworkin's view of sex as a form of victimization of the socially inferior. It presents Naomi Wolf's view of the sex industry as an economic exploitation of women, and makes use of her view of the beauty industry as another source of exploitation to expand its definition of pornography, and cites numerous examples from mainstream women's magazines to support that claim. The paper reviews the history of the women's movement's struggle against pornography, and includes examples of feminist campaign literature targeting pornography. The paper presents the claim that pornography leads to racism, as well as violence against women. It views as sexist the laws which deem all phallic imagery illegal, but classify depictions of female erogenous zones as legal, comparing them to Nazi tactics to dehumanize Jews. In conclusion, the writer feels that Karl Marx, had he not focused solely on economics, would also have seen pornography as a form of subjugation of women by white men, and that women will never be able to express their true sexuality and nature of femininity until negative images in pornography are eradicated. NOTE: This paper includes graphic pornographic images as examples in two appendices and on the title page.
From the Paper
"Pornography is a Greek word that now means, "writings, pictures, etc. intended primarily to arouse sexual desire." (6) However, it was derived from the Greek stem, porne, meaning a harlot who was to serve as a man's sexual slave. The inequalities of patriarchy have obviously changed from ancient Greek times; however, the image of a woman serving a man sexually is still very ubiquitous in pornographic literature. Is this detrimental to the status of women in society? Most feminist thinkers say yes."
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Pornography, 2002.
An insight into the effects of the pornography industry.
1,318 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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This paper considers the topic of pornography and examines how from its inception, it is a media that links sexual gratification and violence together. It evaluates how this fact can only lead a rational mind to the conclusion that a chain of events will begin, combining sex and violence further in the minds of those who watch pornography and will ensure an unhealthy attitude towards women and their sexual identities. It discusses how pornography has left a trail strewn behind it of twisted expectations and how it has exploited women and children. It also shows how because the pornography industry is knitted together with illicit and unsafe sexual practices, it has also left a legacy of sexually transmitted diseases.
From the Paper
"When the innocence of childhood is mixed into the surrealistic world of pornography, not only is the dehumanizing of the child taking place, but the children are exploited by the very ones who should be protecting, educating, and providing positive role models. Child pornography also is interwoven across the world with child prostitution. Child prostitution and the sexual trafficking of children is humanities greatest crime. Every part of the world is affected by child prostitution. The amount of children becoming involved in the child sex trade is increasing at an alarming large amount. The age which the children are joining the sex trade is decreasing quickly. The profit potential in the life of a child prostitution is huge. So is the risk of disease and death."
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The Issue of Pornography in Society, 2004.
An examination of the effects of pornography on modern-day society.
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
Pornography has been a topic of heated debate in this country for decades. It is an issue that deals with freedom of speech and what is considered ?decent? by many Americans. Many consider pornography degrading toward women, although many women freely participate in pornographic activities. The Internet poses many problems concerning this issue, with the exploitation of children being at the forefront of many legitimate concerns. This paper examines both sides of the issue and the complications that arise when considering the controversial issue.
I. Introduction
A. The Business of Pornography
B. National Sales
II. Definition of Pornography
A. Joseph Slade Defines Complexity of the Term Pornography
B. Obscene versus Erotic
C. Supreme Court Definition of Obscene
III. Pornography and Exploitation of Women
A. Ann Garry?s Position
IV. Child Pornography
A. The Internet?s Influence on Child Pornography
B. Laws Pertaining to Child Pornography
C. Philip Jenkins?s Position on Child Pornography
V. Conclusion
A. Education and Fair Application of Law
From the Paper
"William F. Buckley, in an article published in the National Review, points out that journalist Frank Rich wrote an article that uncovered the huge moneymaking business of pornography. The figures he reported, according to Buckley, ?astonish?. From the article ?$4 billion a year is spent on video pornography, that this sum of money is greater than what is spent on major league baseball? (Buckley). Surprisingly, pornography is a business that outsells professional baseball. Buckley also adds that people rent 700 million porn movies every year and that Americans pay more money for pornography than they do for ?non-adult? movies. In a striking comparison, Buckley says that every year, 400 regular movies are produced and 11,000 porn movies are produced. (Buckley) That was in the early 90s. In his book, Pornography in America: A Reference Handbook, which was published in 2001, Joseph Slade reports that although most Americans won?t admit to participating in pornography, they spend ?somewhere between $8 billion and $10 billion a year on sexual representations of some sort? (Slade 3) In a bizarre comparison, Slade also notes that Americans spend $36 billion on fast food hamburgers. Clearly, these figures indicate that the business of pornography is growing by leaps and bounds."
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Domestic Violence, 2002.
An overview of the issues of domestic violence such as causes and effects, current trends and possible prevention.
4,650 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 169.95
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Abstract
This paper will examine the history and manifestation of domestic violence from a variety of aspects. It will discuss the abused and the abuser, its causes and effects, current trends and the possibility for remedying this social problem in future. This essay will argue that domestic violence must be addressed in a holistic fashion rather than in its particulars. For example, while violence against women, violence against children, and pornography are often regarded as separate issues by policymakers, in fact research has shown that all three are related manifestations that share similar underlying characteristics.
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Politics and Pornography, 2002.
The paper proposes that pornography, by definition, is something that goes counter to society?s standards of what is acceptable, so when it comes to issues of law, pornography cannot be considered in isolation from its greater culture.
2,270 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper gives a history of pornography and explains that before the 1800's the purpose of pornography was to criticize individuals in power, using pornographic images as the vehicle. The paper then discusses the regulation of pornography and how the original intention was to protect society from moral corruption by restricting access to it. The paper also discusses the connection of pornography to violence against women and children. The paper demonstrates how community standards have changed.
From the Paper
"Recently, the owner of a video store in conservative Provo, Utah, was put on trial for selling obscene materials because of the sexually oriented videos his store carried The prosecutor assumed that in his community such films met the Miller test, including the requirement that when local ?contemporary adult standards? were applied, these films were not acceptable 4(). While more than 4,000 people signed a petition demanding that the defendant, Larry W. Peterman, be charged and tried, Peterman?s lawyers researched who was renting these films. They found that Peterman had more than 4,000 customers for the videos."
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The Ills of Pornography, 2006.
A position paper that argues against allowing pornography on the internet and in society at large.
941 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that pornography is harmful to both the women involved in the pornography industry and the consumers of pornography. The paper looks at evidence suggesting that pornography is emotionally damaging and harmful to society and points out that there is strong evidence connecting pornography to violent crime. The paper also explains that it has been argued that pornography can be defined as sexual conduct thereby making the court's view that pornography is a form of political expression misguided. Finally, for the reasons presented above, the paper concludes that pornography should be banned not only on the internet, but from society at large as well.
From the Paper
"Both sociological and psychological research, has yielded evidence that pornography creates a view of women that desensitizes men to the harm connected to violent crimes against women. In some cases, it has been evidenced to make them more likely to commit these types crimes. Pornography helps to create a sexist view of women, working in subtle and not so subtle ways to deny them social and political status equal to men. It has been rightfully argued that pornography is a type of conduct, not speech. Pornography is not about sex, it is a form of forced sex, a sexual reality that eroticizes inequality, hierarchy, dominance, and submission. It is a means through which sexuality is socially constructed, via a domain of exercise that portrays women as things for sexual use, and leads its consumers to want possession and dehumanization of them."
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Pornography, 2005.
This paper argues that pornography has a negative effect on society.
2,255 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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This paper explains that, since the rapid popularity and use of the internet in the United States and around the globe, pornography and the viewing of pornography on-line seems to have mushroomed tremendously, resulting in more violence, less general empathy and understanding and a general moral decay of the principles and ideals which make up a civilized society. The author points out the dangers of child pornography, violent pornography that shows rape and violent acts toward women and pornography based on a dominant/submissive theme, whether geared toward men or women. The paper relates that studies show that men who are relatively at high risk for sexual aggression are more likely to be attracted to pornography and to become more aroused and more disposed to act aggressively toward women and even children.
From the Paper
"Another researcher, Catherine Helen Palczewski, notes that more and more women believe that pornography berates and belittles women, and that "pornography is the ideology of a culture which promotes and condones rape, woman-battering, and other crimes of violence against women." Thus, this prevalent aspect of pornography leads to a general degrading of women and a societal acceptance of that degrading as a norm. This is illustrated by many other forms of media, from advertising to film and television, where often the women are portrayed as little more than sex objects."
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