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Political Socialization, 2004.
This paper discusses political socialization, the political beliefs or values of the people in a society, which has its roots in the views of ancient philosophers such as Plato.
2,035 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that political socialization is the process through which individuals acquire the information, beliefs, attitudes, and values that help them to understand the workings of a political system, and as part of the process, adopt some of the beliefs, attitudes and values. The author points out that the importance of the process lies in the fact that the beliefs and the values of the people are the basis for a society?s political culture, and such culture defines the parameters of political life and governmental action. The paper states that some people argue that people having similar social background, income or education levels, a common religion, race or gender share largely similar political views; hence, political socialization is more of an innate rather than a learned process.
Table of Contents
Background
What is Political Socialization?
Importance
Factors Influencing Political Socialization
Family
Schools
Peer Groups
Mass Media
Arguments that Political Socialization is an Innate Process
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Apart from family and schools, peer groups play an important role in imparting political values of young people. Influence of peer groups in the process of political socialization is more pronounced when an issue directly affects the youth. A pertinent example of this is the issue of the Vietnam War during the 1960s. At the time, young people were the most active participants in the movement against the war since they were directly affected by it?being made to fight in the war that was taking a large toll of lives. It is generally agreed, however, that youthful peer groups have greater influence on the lifestyle and dress as compared to politics."
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The Process of Political Socialization, 2005.
A look at the process of political socialization and how it contributes to the process of system destabilization.
2,794 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper looks, first, at how an understanding of political socialization is an inherently important aspect of comprehending political life and then attempts to illustrate how a deeper understanding of political socialization can enhance our understanding of the role of socialization in political change, as opposed to political stability. The paper then uses the example of Egypt before the revolution of 1952, and then following it, to demonstrate how this process works.
Introduction
The Process and Theory of Political Socialization
Preparation for the Revolution: Socialization Towards System
Destabilization
From the Paper
"Socialization is a complex phenomena, analyzing and theoritizing about the ways and means by which children become social beings and acquire the tools that help them function in society, on cultural, economic and political levels. As the term itself, "socialization" implies, this phenomena is really a cultural one but, nonetheless, has very important political implications. As a matter of fact, socialization impacts many aspects of human development and, as such, constitutes an important area of study within the humanities and social sciences. The study of this phenomenon may be defined as an attempt to dissect the core of socialization and explain how the process unfolds, the manner in which it differs from one culture to another or from one age to another, and identify its determining factors. To date and in spite of a great deal of research conducted into this area and numerous attempts to attain comprehensive understanding of socialization, Stanley Allen Renshon, a Political Sociology professor and scholar, argues that socialization and, more specifically, political socialization, demands further research. This research is important if political scientist, not to mention sociologists and psychologists, are ever going to understand "the process by which the child develops into the citizen." Even though the basic process of political socialization, or socialization, as such is understood as the teaching of behaviour and the acquisition of behaviour there are many questions regarding the extent to which these learned behaviours influence politics and political systems. Jack Dennis, a Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin and, author of Socialization to Politics: A Reader, emphasizes the importance of this set of question. He argues that they are important as a means of framing an understanding of "the system relevance of political socialization." In this regard, Dennis writes that answering the "question about what effects political socialization has upon political life," is crucial for understanding politics. In other words, once the elements of political socialization and the process by which it occurs, in addition to the identification of the factors which influence it, are fully understood, political life will become all that more clearer to read. Besides the necessity of understanding political socialization as inherently important to comprehension of political life, deeper understanding of political socialization will settle a major debate concerning the role of socialization in political change, as opposed to political stability. Dennis states that the exact role of political socialization in the stabilization, or destabilization of a political system is a topic of debate: "The assumption that every system engages in some program of political socialization needs to be tested; and it needs examination within the context of alternative means for building - or perhaps undermining - the support of the system's membership." The above does not simply communicate the existence of a debate regarding the role of political socialization in political systems but, expands our understanding of political socialization in a very important way. In the first place, it communicates that different systems have their unique political socialization goals and processes, directed towards the teaching of specific political beliefs and behaviors. In the second place, it informs readers that while political socialization usually functions towards the stabilization of the present political system, if new elements, communicating contrary messages enter into the process, political socialization may act towards the destabilization of a system and the creation of an alternative one. This is an interesting hypothesis which requires testing. As a way of testing that hypothesis, this research will argue that while political socialization does communicate established and accepted political behaviours and beliefs, from one generation to the next, certain economic, social and political conditions might lead to the rise of alternate beliefs and behaviours, determining political socialization towards revolutionary goals which, once successful and expressed in the collapse of a system and its replacement with another, will, once more, function towards stabilization of the system through the communication of the newly defined political behaviors and attitudes. In other words, political socialization is a cycle, beginning with stabilization, leading to destabilization, and ending with stabilization once again. By focusing on the political socialization processes operating in Egypt before the revolution of 1952, just prior to the revolution and then following it, the manner in which political socialization communicates behaviour intended to stabilize, destabilize then re-stabilize the political system shall be explained."
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Political Socialization, 2002.
This paper discusses political socialization, the process of developing political opinions, biases and even political apathy.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses political socialization, the process of developing political opinions, biases and even political apathy. It discusses the influences of family, schooling, peers, mass media, political parties and religion on one's beliefs. Four methods of indoctrination into the political society are also discussed-- latent, manifest, affective, and instrumental socialization.
From the Paper
"Political socialization begins early on in life and is an ongoing process affecting individuals throughout. It is how people eventually identify personal beliefs and expectations in American politics. These political views can include our level of patriotism, faith in the democratic system, standards by which we hold governing bodies, and opinions regarding public policies. From the playground to the classroom, the office to the dinner table, much of our lives affect our political opinions. The most easily identified agents of this are family, schooling, peers, mass media, political parties and religious influences. Further more, these means indoctrinate us in the political society through four basic methods: latent, manifest, affective, and instrumental socialization."
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Cinema- Voice for Political and Social Issues., 2006.
An examination of cinema as a means to voice political and social issues.
3,690 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author highlights many of the uses of cinema as a means to political and social communication. He cites many examples of where politics have been affected by the use of cinema and social trends have been established as a result.The author also centres on cases where American movies have been banned due to political issues and influences. The paper concludes by stating that cinema is not the only influence on the changes that have occurred in politics and society.
From the Paper
"A lot of Canadians seem to be loyal to Canadian art, Canadian music, orchestras perform works by Canadian composers, and theatres that perform Canadian plays. But at the same time there are movies that are being now produced and shot in Canada when once they sued to be shot and filmed in the US. Although a lot of Canadians say that they would prefer to be distinctive of their own culture and society at the end of it seems like if they were given a choice they would rather opt for the American way of living."
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Political, Economic and Social Causes of the Civil War, 2002.
A study of the causes of Civil War, focusing on political, economic and social factors causes rather than the issue of Slavery.
2,244 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the causes of the American Civil War. While most historians maintain that slavery was the main cause of the war, this paper argues that slavery was only responsible to a certain extent and that there were complex political and economic factors which played an important role in the Civil War. The writer discusses the South's waning ability to maintain its army of slaves and asserts that the North's growing industrial power also fueled the conflict. Political factors, including the issue of equal representation in the Congress and states? autonomy, are considered as possible causes of the war in this paper.
From the Paper
"Civil war is the most momentous and crucial period in the history of America. Not only did this war bring an end to centuries of slavery in the country but also gave way to numerous social and political changes. The country had already been torn by the negative trend in race relations and numerous cases of slave uprisings were taking their toll on the country?s political and social structure. While slavery is cited as the most common cause of the Civil War, it is believed that there were several other factors involved. In other words, though slavery was the major cause it was certainly not the only cause. Civil war and abolition of slavery have become synonymous terms as the former led to the latter. But still some historians maintain that slavery has been turned into a too convenient excuse in connection with the Civil War."
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Political and Social Influence of the 70s, 2002.
A look at the political and social impact of radicalism in the 1970's.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This three-page undergraduate paper focuses on the cultural and social changes of the 70s and their influence on the present day society. The radical views of the 70s have had a major impact on the mainstream American culture today and the movements that took place during that decade have now been woven into the very fabric of American society of the 21st century.
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Economic, Political, and Social Causes of the Matzana of El Salvador, 2002.
An analysis of the peasant uprising and Matazana of El Salvador in 1932 as a consequence of economic, political, and social conditions in the country in the early 20th century.
2,825 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
An infamous mass killing of peasants known as the "Matazana" occurred in El Salvador in 1932. It left the country with little chance of reform. This paper discusses: The Coffee Oligarchy, President Araujo and the Military Coup, United States Recognition of Martinez Administration, Marti and the Communist Party in El Salvador and the Peasant Uprising.
From the Paper
"Late 19th century El Salvador can be characterized as a country that would soon be ripe for revolution. During the 1860s, the economy of the country became almost solely based on the production and sale of coffee. El Salvador?s on a single crop created an enormous economic disparity between peasants and a coffee-growing elite. To compound the problem, the El Salvadorian government had close ties to the coffee plantation owners. The peasants lived in poverty and discontent for over half a century. Prior to their rebellion of 1932, the peasants had been subjected to harsh working conditions, including near starvation and extremely low wages, by a minority of coffee-growing moguls in the country who held a majority of the nation?s wealth. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, sporadic and unorganized peasant revolts broke out in El Salvador and were easily defeated by plantation owners and the El Salvadorian government. Several events occurred prior to 1932 that acted as a catalyst for organized peasant rebellion. President Arturo Araujo, elected in 1931, committed his administration to reform and had a popular following among the working class. However, the peasant hope for reform was soon crushed when General Maximiliano Hernandez Martinez overthrew the Araujo administration in late-1931. The rise in membership among the working-classes also occurred during this time period. The self-proclaimed overseer of Latin America during the early 1900s, the United States, failed to keep Martinez in check, as it had done with previous Latin American revolutionaries. This lax attitude on the part of the United States gave Martinez free reign and contributed to his indiscriminate use of violence. Overwhelming peasant discontent, more organized as the result of a growing Communist party, finally culminated in a small, planned uprising in January of 1932. A mass killing of peasants immediately followed the uprising. This event is known in El Salvador as the Matazana or "the Massacre." The devastation following the Matazana left little chance for future reform. Economic, political, and social conditions in El Salvador in the early 20th century led to the peasant uprising and the resulting Matazana of 1932."
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Political Pressure and Social Research, 2003.
This paper examines the current ways governments and interest groups successfully restrict social research, particularly on controversial subjects such as AIDS, stem cell research, and cloning technology.
1,874 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The first part of the paper examines current government regulations regarding social research, with a special emphasis on the ?Protection of Human Subjects? or The Common Rule. The second part of the paper examines the arguments from academic and research groups regarding these rules. In the last section, this paper looks at how these rules and regulations affect current research in the related areas of cloning technology, stem cell research, and fetal tissue research.
From the Paper
"The Common Rule, formally titled ?Protection of Human Subjects,? is part of the government?s Code of Federal Regulations. The Common Rule was issued in 1991 under the auspices of the Department of Health and Human Services, though earlier versions have been in existence since 1966. Seventeen federal agencies ? including the National Science Foundation, the Department of Education and the Department of Defense ? subscribe to the Common Rule and use this as the basic regulatory measure for any research involving human subjects that is funded by the federal government (45.CFR.46.111)."
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Identity Politics and Social Change, 2005.
This paper discusses the connection between and effects of identity politics upon new social theories.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The topic discussed in this article is identity politics. Essentially, the writer looks at the question of how identity politics drive new social theories like feminism, critical race theory and post-colonial theory. A number of topics are examined ranging from social organization and gender to oppression.
From the Paper
"A number of newer social theories have developed that are driven by identity politics. Some of the most important of these social theories are feminism, critical race theory, post-colonial theory, lesbian and gay theory. What all of these social theories share is a new understanding of identity. In African Identities Anthony Appiah states, 'There are, I think, three crucial lessons to be learned from these cases. First, identities are complex and multiple and grow out of a history of changing responses to economic, political and cultural forces, almost always in opposition to other identities'."
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The Effects of Religion on Politics and the Social Development of Nations and Cultures, 2002.
An examination of Christianity, Buddhism and Islam and their connection to social organization.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 63.95
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Abstract
Examines Christianity, Buddhism & Islam & their connection to social organization. Historical development & influence of the 3 religions & their appeal to the masses. Examines establishment of the 3 religions in different parts of the world, their growth & doctrines.
From the Paper
"The three great proselytizing religions of the world -- Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam -- spread throughout major portions of the world and had enormous effects on the political and social development of nations and cultures. The degree of interpenetration between social organization and religious life varied in these three cases, however, and they demonstrate that the establishment of a religion that is intrinsically connected with a form of social organization tends to produce the firmest, most lasting type of religious orientation in a society.
From the fourth century the Roman Emperors in the West had taken a strong interest in the affairs of the Christian Church in the hope that unified belief would aid them in unifying the people of their disintegrating empire. But the invasions of the Germanic tribes, and others, brought about the fall of the..."
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A Social And Political Analysis Of Chicago, 2004.
A look at some of the political and social issues facing the city of Chicago today.
678 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the current political and social situation in Chicago with regard to racial mix, poverty, unemployment, prospects for future development, etc.
From the Paper
"According to the census, Chicago has rebounded from a population loss because of significant immigration flows. Immigrants from Mexico now constitute nearly half the city's foreign born population, yet Chicago still remains one of the foremost U S gateways for Eastern European immigrant workers and their families. These inflows of immigrants have reduced the overall age of the Chicago population and are responsible for revitalizing both commercial and residential properties in many of the city's neighborhoods. Most of the new immigrants are settling in the..."
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Social Welfare and Political Stability in the Twenty-First Century, 2002.
A look at the relationship between concepts of social justice and political justice.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay will argue that an integral component of this revision is the reconsideration of the relationship between concepts of social justice and political justice. In a time when social democratic parties - the creators of the welfare state in the mid-twentieth century - are the leaders in the deconstruction of that same vision of social justice, it is necessary to reexamine the imperatives underlying the welfare state. This essay will argue that the idea of a social safety net is a prerequisite for the continuing health of democracy in the West. The continued unravelling of this net by programs such as workfare present the prospect of increased social inequality, and eventual political instability, in the decades to come.
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Prominent Historical Changes Displayed through Social, Economic and Political Change., 2000.
This essay discusses prominent historical changes that occurred amidst social, economic and political change and highlights how changes in the same area, but from different time periods, manifest themselves in similar and dissimilar ways.
570 words (approx. 2.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 20.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the way in which history is displayed through the social, economic and political change. It touches on changes in the American Society, Japanese society and the Industrial Revolution in England. In addition the author comments on the Information Age as well as the American Revolution and revolution in Iran.
From the Paper
"Prior to television, authority was a central influence in American society. Television has participated in a social upheaval, where youth culture has replaced authority as a major social force. Television is a medium driven by advertising dollars and the advertising industry is driven by satisfying the needs of people with disposable income and few consumer loyalties: young people"
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Max Weber: A Social and Political Analysis, 2006.
Examines and analyzes the political, sociological and economic works of Max Weber within the context of the events in his own life time.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 124.95
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Abstract
When interpreting the work of a political theorist, it is useful to relate his theoretical work to the major events of his own time. This paper examines the political, sociological, and economic works of Max Weber within the social and political context of the nineteenth-century. The paper further explains that doing so serves to historicize Weber's contributions to political theory and reveals how his work relates to the existing social and political distribution of power in his own society.
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The Internet and its Social and Political Revolution, 2002.
This paper discusses the explosion in popularity of the Internet.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
It explores the paradigm shift that it has caused in social and political relations. The Internet makes it possible for people living in any country, within any culture, or under any regime, to communicate with one another. As a result, this new technology has a profound impact on the social and political environment. More than anything else, it affects how elites can, and cannot, rule their people. To some degree, freedom may be curtailed, while in another context, totalitarianism will not be able to withstand the effects of easy and instant communication.
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