| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "POLITICAL PARTICIPATION DEMOCRACIES": |
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Political Participation in Democracies, 2007.
This paper examines the significance of the decline of political participation of individuals in Western Democracies.
1,014 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews scholarly materials pertaining to the decline of political participation of individuals in Western Democracies and reveals that it appears that there is less interest in political aspects of society by those born after the year 1970. The paper reveals various causes for this apathy. The paper concludes that while it is certain that no individual can or should be forced to participate in political and civic events in their community, it is certain that schools and communities have a very important responsibility in educating its citizens as to the critical importance of political and civic participation in a democracy.
From the Paper
"Habermas goes on to state that this institutional design is one that "embodies ideas from different political philosophies." Habermas explains that each of the traditions of democracy "gives a different weighting to equal liberties for everybody, democratic participation and government by public opinion." The point made by Habermas is that "government by public opinion" is a necessary ingredient for a working democracy whether it be governed by the Democratic democracy or the Republican democracy."
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American Political System and Democracy., 2002.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the political system in the U.S. and the role of civic and political institutions in shaping democracy and setting policy agenda. The paper argues that although citizen actions have played an important role in the emergence and functioning of American democracy, it is the president and large businesses that determine the major policies in America. Assuming the role of mediator between citizens and the government, the media persuades its own priorities instead of taking a definite side. MLA Format.
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Political Parties and Representation in Modern Democracies, 2006.
A discussion regarding to what extent the functioning of political parties can explain the crisis of representation of the 'people' in modern democracies.
9,480 words (approx. 37.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 194.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at political parties and issues that surround representation of the people in modern democracies. According to the paper, political parties, in their organization and their functioning, display numerous problems in terms of representation. The paper focuses particularly on two of these problems, the modes of government and the modes of funding. The paper also analyzes the aftermaths of the logic of electoral competition for the representation of the membership and the electorate.
From the Paper
"Political representation is quite a hard concept to grasp. It was rejected by the French during the Revolution as an impediment to the self-government of the people. Nonetheless, I will try to show that political representation is necessary for ensuring freedom in our modern democracies.
But first let us turn back to our French Revolution and the establishment of what could be considered as a quasi-totalitarian regime. In France, traditional feudal aristocratic society was undermined by an absolutist and centralist state. When the French Revolution broke out, the remaining feudal instances were destroyed even further (loi Le Chapelier), so that in fact only the individuals and the state remained without the traditional feudal corporations to mediate between them. The question then is how a society can be held together when it has been dismembered and robbed of the intermediary associations that had given it its concrete form and reality. Most revolutionaries followed republicans like Rousseau or Sieyes. The only way for them to bring about a post-feudal democratic order was by converting particular interests to the common good. Individuals were now called upon to set aside their particular preferences and to identify fully with the common will of the people in order to establish real popular sovereignty and equality. The Jacobin revolutionaries thus assumed that a true democracy could only be established if abstract democratic principles like formal equality, popular sovereignty or the unitary will of the people were indeed completely "turned into reality" (i.e. "actualized" or "materialized"), rather than merely respected (Weymans: 263-282). This is characteristic of totalitarian regimes. More so, to Claude Lefort totalitarianism represents a society's attempt to fully "materialize" or "actualize" democratic principles by making the people really one, equal, free or sovereign. That is also what distinguishes them from democratic regimes. While the totalitarian state tries to realize the principles (by embodying them), a democratic state prevents a society from realizing these (through representation), thus remaining distinct from and dependent on society. This distinction or alienation of the state from society is indeed necessary."
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Political Parties in Western Democracies, 2003.
A review of the evolution of political parties in Western democracies.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the evolution of political parties in Western democracies. The paper focuses on the following types of parties: cadre party, mass party, catch-all party and cartel party. The paper looks at the relationship between the party leaders and members and the electorate. The paper concludes with the author's contention that there is a trend toward less democracy.
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Comparative Analysis of US and Canadian Political Culture, 2000.
An analysis of how both democracies are born of the same imperial template with similar political sub cultures, yet although similar, their political cultures are different.
3,770 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 8 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Background
British Influence in the US and Canada
US Civil War ? It?s affect on Canada?s constitution
Constitutional Divergence ? Canada, US, and England
Political Culture
Political Sub Culture
Statistical Facts
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Contemporary Political Islam, 2006.
This paper explains the nature of Islamic sovereignty, the roots of political Islam, the attraction of Islamism, and the driving forces behind political movements within the Middle East, such as the Taliban.
3,675 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a synthesis of democratic and Islamic values is required for a practical and workable form of representative government. The author points out that Islam is not just another ideology; it is a faith and as such can motivate people to act politically while also transcending politics. The paper stresses that political Islam is not Islamist democracy, governed exclusively by Islamic law. The author comments that, in Afghanistan, the Taliban, an extreme type of political Islam, took over and did not lose control until American bombs dropped as punishment for harboring Osama Bin Laden. The paper iterates that political Islam, in its democratic infancy, is struggling to distinguish itself from both the fundamentalists and the Islamists. The author underscores that most Muslims believe that America does not have fundamental flaws; it has just failed to live up to the ideals it so strongly advocates.
Table of Contents
The Evolution and Growth of Political Islam
Islamic Experiences with Democracy
The Future Prospect and Promises of Political Islam
From the Paper
"Algeria, in 1989, provided one of the first experiences with Islamic democracy. After years of a socialist-military regime, Algeria's sole political party, the Front de Liberation National (FLN) acquiesced to young Algerians protesting for fundamental rights and political change. In June 1990 the FLN allowed the first open elections to take place. The Front Islamique du Salut (FIS), and Islamic party, came more or less out of nowhere to capture 62% of the vote. The FLN, which could boast of liberating Algeria from the French, captured only 28%."
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U.S. Political System, 1999.
Examines evolution & nature of American democracy & political roles of the public and media. Examines roles of the Congress, bureaucracy and the president.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
" This paper discusses two specific issues relating to the United States political system. The first question relates to whether the United States is a representative democracy, a pluralist democracy, a hyperpluralist system, or in a state of anarchy. What is it about the political parties, the mass public, the mass media, special interest groups, the Congress, the bureaucracy, the domestic presidency, and the foreign affairs presidency that contributes to the creation and maintenance of such a system. The second question raises the issue of whether the United States' system of power is a just or unjust system, with a discussion of the definition of just versus unjust.
Democracy is a complicated and ancient concept. The idea of people participating equally in self-rule antedates recorded human history and may be as old as human society itself.."
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American Political System, 2002.
Explains the political system in the U.S. and the role of civic and political institutions in shaping democracy and setting policy agenda.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper argues that although citizen actions have played an important role in the emergence and functioning of American democracy, it is the president and large businesses that determine the major policies in America. Assuming the role of mediator between citizens and the government, the media persuades its own priorities instead of taking a definite side.
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A Comparison of Modern Democracy and Classical Athenian Democracy, 2002.
Compares modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
Discusses the major differences between Athenian democracy and modern democracy. Differences include voting and citizenship rights, gender and background bias in the Athenian social and economic system, the type of representation that each society offered and the 'participation factor' in Athens.
From the Paper
"There are several significant differences between modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens. Even though the classical Athenian democracy was a major step forward in political thought, at its height there were still many areas in which it was decidedly unlike any democracy existing today. These differences fall into three major categories: differences in who could vote, in the type of representation, and in the overall participation factor.
One major and clearly recognizable difference is that in the Athenian democracy there was only a certain selected element of the population that was allowed to vote. This difference in voting behavior stems from the fact that the Athenian social and economic system was supportive of the suppression of groups of people according to gender and background in ways that are not acceptable in today?s western cultures.
For example, women were not given full rights of citizenship. They were also socially and economically kept in a subservient role to men. Women?s function was seen as primarily that of propagation and managing a household. Women were not allowed access to the marketplace of ideas that was so important to the Athenians.
These conditions set up an interactive cycle between the social and political institutions; since women were regarded as inferior and not deserving of full citizenship, they were not allowed to vote. However, without the ability to vote, it was very unlikely that any of these restrictions would be modified or lifted. The role of women in Greek society was too firmly entrenched to be easily changed."
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Political Development In India And South Africa, 2002.
Discusses the political development of the two countries in terms of political development theories.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Discusses political development of the two countries in terms of political developoment theories. Characteristics of the experiences of both countries. India's development since independence as a state of transition; fragmented political parties;social discontent. India as a bureaucratism-authoritarianism model. Political changes in South Africa since the end of apartheid. Limited movement toward democracy.
From the Paper
"South Africa, India, and Political Development
The process of political development has been theorized by Howard J. Wrarda (2000) as falling within one of several alternative developmental theories. These theories include bureaucratic-authoritarianism (BA), world systems, corporatism, political economy, state-society relations, indigenous theories of change, rational choice theory, and the new institutionalism. Wrarda (2000) believes that this assortment of political development theories emerged because of a realization that the traditional, formal-legal approach dominating the field was inadequate to explain contemporary political development paradigms. This report will consider political development in India and South Africa and characterize these states' experiences in the context of the most applicable ..."
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A Comparison of Modern Democracy and Classical Athenian Democracy, 2002.
This paper looks at several significant differences between modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The writer shows that even though the classical Athenian democracy was a major step forward in political thought, at its height there were still many areas in which it was decidedly unlike any democracy existing today. The paper divides these differences into three major categories: differences in who could vote, in the type of representation, and in the overall participation factor.
From the Paper
"One major and clearly recognizable difference is that in the Athenian democracy there was only a certain selected element of the population that was allowed to vote. This difference in voting behavior stems from the fact that the Athenian social and economic system was supportive of the suppression of groups of people according to gender and background in ways that are not acceptable in today?s western cultures."
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Political Islam, 2005.
Examines the issue of democracy in today's Middle East and the problems it faces.
4,545 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 118.95
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Abstract
This report addresses some of the issues associated with Islam and politics in the Middle East and looks specifically at the subject of democracy in the Middle East from a number of perspectives. Currently, many Middle Eastern countries are technically democracies, but some follow the rules of a democracy in different ways, which may be a
part of the integral culture of the area. This report takes a culturally sensitive perspective, which also raises issues of cultural perspective, relativism, and Orientalism as it is mentioned both in Stork's "Political Islam" and in the works of the famous scholar and originator of the term Orientalism, Edward Said. The report begins by briefly discussing the role of politics from an Islamic perspective, looking at and defining different Muslim groups and sects, which are often also differentiated along political lines. Some of these groups are the Shiite Muslims, the Sunni Muslims, and the Sufi Muslims. This section of the report also looks at how various Islamic fundamentalist perspectives view the subject of democracy in the Middle East. The report then moves on to discuss democracy in the Middle East, specifically, and gives examples and comparisons of the existing democratic and ostensibly democratic political systems in Egypt, Lebanon, Algeria, Israel, Iraq, and Libya. Following this comparison, the report concludes by looking at the above mentioned issues of Orientalism in the Western perspective on Middle Eastern democracy and also presents the notion for future study that, perhaps, in this area of the world and its cultures, the Western ideal of freedom may be one easier to sell than democracy.
From the Paper
"Democracy in the Middle East can therefore, in the light of this discussion on fundamentalist Islam politics, be seen as a concept that is in many ways an import to the area's inhabitants. Nonetheless, like other imports, it has its staunch supporters as well as its voices of opposition who see the concept as being somewhat culturally intrusive. One of the main points that is brought up in defense of bringing democracy to the Middle East as a common system uniting nations is that democracy tends to be historically more than dictatorships, in terms of waging war against other countries or against the country's own citizenry."
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Political Parties in Canada, 2008.
An analysis of the political system of Canada and its political parties.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the political make-up in Canada, focusing on the political parties that make up the government. The paper examines the role within government of the non-Canadian un-elected monarch, who is currently the Queen of England. The paper looks at the ongoing discussion in Canada about ways to make the country more a democracy and to protect the democratic institutions that have been created.
From the Paper
"The system for both domestic and foreign policy issues tends to be a pluralist democracy even as leaders promote the idea of a representative democracy. The system is unjust because it ignores or devalues millions of people, perhaps the majority of the citizenry, while responding to the loudest groups either in terms of those spending more money or those making their views heard most clearly. At the same time, it is difficult to see how it could be otherwise at the federal level, the sheer size of which reduces the link between elected representatives and the people they serve. Leaders will always respond more readily to the constituents they hear than to those who do not make their views known, and this necessarily means public interest groups and elites that make their views known will have more power."
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The Economic and Political Development of Cuba, 2008.
An analysis of Howard Handelman's text, "The Political Economy of Third World Development," with specific reference to Cuba's economic development and political democratization.
1,556 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the economic development and political democratization of Cuba. It looks at the effects of Cuba's embattled relationship with its northern neighbor, the United States. The paper also briefly considers Cuba's history, its current geopolitical context and its prospective outlook in terms of its ascension to democracy. The paper discusses all these point based on Howard Handelman's text, "The Political Economy of Third World Development."
From the Paper
"For as the costs of the Cold War gradually levied their toll on the Soviets, Cuba become an increasingly smaller priority. Russia struggled by the 1970's and 1980's to remain the dominant force in its own Eastern Bloc. The diffusion of efforts in Latin America had made Castro a figure of waning importance to the Soviet Union. And with the collapse of the U.S.S.R., marginalization of western dictatorship would become a reality. Though human rights violations such as the suppression of the democratic process, with the nation maintaining a president-for-life in Castro, the violent undermining of speech and press freedoms and the militaristic response to the formulation of political opposition parties, had all been undeniably present in the nation throughout the Cold War, the presence of the Soviet Union did account for an important economic point of sustenance. The promise of ongoing support of the Castro government so long as its government declared itself an ally of the Soviet Union, a communist entity and thus an enemy of the United States, would provide Cuba with an economic development that, though not self-contained, would at least account for considerable gains in living standards."
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Plato, Locke & Mill on Political Authority, 1999.
Political authority examined in the context of Western liberal democracy. Discussing issues of legitimacy, leadership training, rights of individual, property rights, sovereignty and liberty.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 111.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the thought of Plato, Locke, and Mill on the subject of political authority, from the perspective of western liberal democracy. The plan of the research will be to set forth a working definition of western liberal democracy and political authority and then to discuss ways in which Plato's Republic, Locke's Second Treatise of Government, and Mill's Essay on Liberty explain the basis on which states and their rulers achieve or should achieve and maintain authority and legitimacy with their people.
To speak of Western liberal democracy is to speak of such concepts as individual freedom of thought, property, and action, equality of all persons before the law, representative government, open social and political discourse, and a history of relatively stable social structures amid transfer or sharing of and.."
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