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Phillis Wheatley?s Poetry, 2004.
A brief examination of the style and imagary used in Phillis Wheatley?s poetry.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The poems, ?To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth? and ?To S. M., a Young African Painter, on Seeing His Works?, illustrate Wheatley?s technical style and structure. Wheatley?s verse is characterized by rhyming couplets and vivid imagery, which enhance her messages. This paper examines how her poems demonstrate her talent.
From the Paper
"In these lines, Wheatley parallels the slavery of America to the slavery of Africans. She continues with this oppressive image by adding her personal experience of being brought to America from Africa into the poem. Powerful images such as ?iron chain? (17) and ?lawless hand? (18) depict the oppression of slavery. She tells William, ?I, young in life, by seeming cruel fate/Was snatch?d from Afric?s fancy?d happy seat? (24-5). She describes pangs of molestation as well as her parents? sorrow and prays that ?Others may never feel tyrannic sway? (31). This is a powerful technique Wheatley is employing at this point in the poem. She can speak from experience, and yet she is speaking in a voice that is calm and peaceful."
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Phillis Wheatley's Poetry Defended Against Criticism, 2002.
An introduction to the poetry of Black American Phillis Wheatley and the views of her critics.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the life and writings of poet Phillis Wheatley, a black American brought over from Africa as a slave in the late eighteenth century. The paper addresses the opinions of various of her critics, including opinions on the religious and political aspects of her writings.
From the Paper
"Realizing Phillis?s intelligence, the family treated Phillis as practically an equal. She was taught the English language and converted to Christianity. With her new religion in mind, she began to write poetry. Her poetry brought her fame, and she became the first black woman to have her work published. The publication of her poetry drew many critics, such as Redding, Foster, Jefferson, and Walker. Phillis Wheatley?s work reflects a political statement and demonstrates her ability as a religious writer and a true poet."
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Phillis Wheatley and her Poetry, 2002.
This paper discusses the poem "Being Brought From Africa."
1,565 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces us to the author Phillis Wheatley and one of her poems that was written about the lives of slaves in the United States. The author gives a brief historical overview and biography of Ms. Wheatley before going on to discuss her poem, "Being Brought From Africa." Ms. Wheatley's importance as a black author who made significant contributions to American literature is also discussed. The paper illustrates the author's intense religious beliefs which allowed her to have a very unique outlook on life and her position in the family in which she served when she was brought to America in the late 1800s.
From the Paper
"This poem is probably one of the most famous of Wheatley?s work, and it is often reproduced in print and on the Internet. The simple eight lines are short, but they tell quite a story in only a few words. Marsha Watson said of this poem, ?Read literally, the first quatrain has struck many critics as a shocking example of Wheatley's willingness to ?sell her blackness for a pottage of white acceptability.? But read metaphorically, as multilayered discourse, ?On Being Brought? chronicles Wheatley's metaphysical, poetic journey from the hopeless and powerless mortality of an ancient pagan mythos, to the Christian promise of ultimate spiritual liberty and redemption? (Watson 123)."
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Phillis Wheatley and Belinda, 2003.
An analysis of the connection between poet Phillis Wheatley and the salve Belinda.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the connection between 18th century African-American poet Phillis Wheatley and the slave narrative written by Belinda. It uses diction, tone, imagery and theme to make comparisons and argues that Wheatley was not Belinda's amaneunsis and did not transcribe Belinda's "Petition".
From the Paper
"Phillis Wheatley was an eighteenth century African-American poet who was also a slave. She wrote a number of poems that have been preserved and which illustrate her strength as a creative voice in a society that .."
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American Poetry, 2002.
A review of the poetry of Phillis Wheatley and Philip Freneau as itiIllustrates contemporary cultural scenes in America.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay illustrates how contemporary cultural scenes in America are employed in poetry, particularly as they apply to the writings of Phillis Wheatley and Philip Freneau.
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Poetry and Slavery, 2002.
An analysis of the poetry by African-American slaves, Phillis Wheatley and Lucy Terry.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the poetry of two slaves, Phillis Wheatley and Lucy Terry and shows how their works contribute to the voice of African Americans during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The paper shows their strong belief in God, without whom they felt lost in the white society at the time.
From the Paper
"African American poetry retained its concern with the burning issues of the American Revolution, including liberty, independence, equality, and identity. It also expressed African American experiences of divided loyalties. Just as white Americans experienced divided loyalties in the republic's early years unsure whether their identity derived from the new country or from their European past?so too did African Americans, who looked always to their African past and to their problematic American present."
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Bradstreet and Wheatley, 2005.
Examines the "feminism" in the works of women poets, Anne Bradstreet and Phillis Wheatley.
1,657 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Anne Bradstreet and Phillis Wheatley have the unique distinction of being two firsts in American feminism. Bradstreet was the first American female poet to have her work published and Phillis Wheatley was the first black female poet to have her work become known and published. This paper shows that, because of their bravery and fame for breaking the gender and race barriers to the expression of women's voices, Bradstreet and Wheatley are intrinsically feminist artists -- for no other reason than that they were female and they were influential in the advancement of female art. On the other hand, the paper shows that neither woman could particularly be considered revolutionaries in their own time (both catered to the existing system rather exaggeratedly) and in this time would certainly not even be considered feminists. Both Bradstreet and Wheatley conformed to what was expected of them. With their subtle way of being feminist by conducting themselves within their proper gender roles and imitating male forms in their art, these two prefigured the entire vein of feminist thought and action which attempts to win a place for woman by acting professionally male and privately feminine.
From the Paper
"One of the critiques that has been consistently leveled against both Wheatley and Bradstreet is that their work is derivative and lacking in innovation. In their own era, this charge was used to suggest that women were incapable of high poetic flights of genius. In later eras, it was further used to show that both were overly conformed to "The standard poetic conventions used by men" (Schlotterbeck) of the era and thus failed to find authentic female voices. It is certain that "Bradstreet and Wheatley used the poetic conventions of the day, which is evident in the form of their poetry. It is not too adventurous stylistically." (Schlotterbeck) The critique that women are not capable of poetic brilliance is certainly false, for these women no doubt could have had originality in their form and adventurism in their choice of topics had they not needed to conform to male standards in order to be published."
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Middle Eastern Poetry, 2008.
This paper discusses Middle Eastern poetry, noting that such poetry tends to concern the conflict experienced around the poets.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Middle Eastern poetry is often peppered with honest assessments of the physical and emotional turmoil of conflict. The writer discusses that poetry in the Middle East tends to be a voice of record, in stylistic descriptions of the conflicts of mind, body and spirit that demonstrate a life or many lives in the turmoil of conflict and change. The writer maintains that many Middle Eastern authors feel a fierce obligation to write not only about the joy and struggle of writing poetry but also the trails and conflicts of their nations and the people whom they have known and whom they have imagined to have been deeply affected by all. The writer concludes that in the works of Ozkan Mert (Turkish) Taha Muhammad Ali (Palastinian) Eliaz Cohen (Israeli) and Aharon Shabtai (Israeli) one can locate the human drama of living in strife as well as the pleasure of poetic expression, without any real difficulty and with a great sense of wonder that is expressed through poetry and the wondrous human mind.
From the Paper
"Each of these writers are expressing the nature of self, the body of self and the nature of political and social upheaval, as it is expressive of the self and the whole. Each may be writing from an opposing side, but clearly their views are not opposing. Their voice is one that asks those who would choose to subvert them to listen to their voice as the voice of the individual seeking individual reconciliation in the face of conflict. The Middle Eastern conflict is a constant point of discussion in every arena, those offering solutions and those offering greater strife, and the words of these poets exemplify that the voice rarely heard is the voice of the people, the individual bodies and souls who live every day facing the results of conflict and the candor of legislative results.
"Ozkan Mert probably best exemplifies the passion and power of poetry, as a simple form that can convey a meaning beyond the nature of it length or even it s breath. Mert in his poem Whose on the Side of Poetry expresses the fear that some have of poetry, as a tool used by people to express the nature of strife, often when many wish that such strife not become public knowledge."
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What is Poetry?, 2006.
The paper looks at how Samuel Taylor Coleridge in his "Philosophic Definitons of a Poem and Poetry" defines poetry.
736 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that Samuel Taylor Coleridge's approach to defining poetry is a combination of an examination of the purpose of poetry as well as the humanistic qualities of the poet. The paper discusses Coleridge's idea that the conglomeration of the human condition is necessary in order to manifest poetry. The paper explains this to mean that the full force of the heart and soul is necessary in order to create true art.
From the Paper
"Throughout the ages, philosophers have attempted to answer the question, what is poetry. Plato, Aristotle and Longinus contributed fine essays on this topic. During the Romantic era, a redefinition of the art of poet occurred, mandating a re-evaluation of what poetry is. The Romanic author and poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge endeavors to answer this question in his essay, Philosophic Definitons of a Poem and Poetry. Coleridge's approach is a combination of an examination of the purpose of poetry as well as the humanistic qualities of the poet. Coleridge examines what poetry is, what a poet is and what the cumulative result of answering these two questions."
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Poetry in Elementary School Curricula, 2004.
This paper discusses ideas for the integration of poetry and the creative energy poetry can engender into non-poetic school learning environments.
2,115 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that poetry is a tool to stimulate creative problem solving, build an ability for creative expression, help a child develop literacy skills, and learn other subjects through the imaginative, resourceful use of poetry. The author points out that a 'persona poem' is a poem that is written in the first person; the writer imagines that he or she is an animal, a movie star, a politician, or anything or anyone he or she is not. The paper stresses that innovation and doing the unexpected are extremely important for elementary school teachers when coaxing students to love and use poetry throughout their curricula.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The American Poetry and Literacy Project
The Persona Poem
Using Persona Poetry in Social Studies, Music, Math, Science, and Art
Conclusion
From the Paper
"To move to another area of study, math; the student could write a persona poem pretending to be Albert Einstein?s pencil sharpener. Imagine all the work that sharpener must do ? since Einstein was said to go through a number of pencils each day during his mathematical research and formula writing ? and imagine all the grinding sounds and shavings, too. Or, alternatively, what would it be like to be the number ?1?? Would that be a grand feeling of winning (?number one? can mean the best, the first, the top choice), or would being ?number one? seem like a person had a long way to go to get to ?50??"
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Metaphysical Poetry- Characteristics,Types and Major Poets, 2005.
A discussion of the origins and nature of metaphysical poetry.
2,728 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the origins of metaphysical poetry and its characteristics. Poetic terms are defined and the types of metaphysical poetry are discussed. The major poets of this genre are introduced. Although the paper considers metaphysical poetry in a positive light, criticism of the movement is also presented.
Introduction
Characteristics of metaphysical poetry
A.Delight in Novel Thought and Expression
B.Far-Fetched Images
C. Affectation and Hyperbole
D. Obscurity
E. Learning
Types of Metaphysical Poetry
A. Amorous Poetry
B. Religious Poetry
Sources of Metaphysical Poetry
Poets of the Metaphysical World
A. John Donne
B. George Halbert
C. Andrew Marvell
D. Henry Vaughn
VI. Conclusion
From the Paper
"Metaphysics or the branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of existence, truth and knowledge based on abstract reasoning, was first applied to poetry by Dr.Samuel Johnson. He borrowed it from Dryden's derogatory phrase about Donne-"He affects the metaphysics." Dryden criticized Donne for his excessive obscurity and Dr.Samuel Johnson later used the term 'metaphysical' to describe the specific poetic method used by poets like Donne."
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Nostalgia in Romantic Poetry, 1996.
An examination of the use of nostalgia in the poetry of the romantic era (1768 - 1839), focusing in particular on the poetry of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
1,951 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that nostalgia in poetry can be considered a particular kind of literary device, through which it is possible to gain some degree of insight into the whole ideology on which the romantic movement was based. Through an analysis of the poetry of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, it looks at how the romantics mourn the fleeting nature of time and look back to the golden age of childhood - which can only be recaptured through nostalgia. It shows how nostalgia allows the poets the opportunity to not only recapture the past, but to manipulate and control it and how the nostalgia displayed in romantic poetry is, then, a tool of the intellect and a calculated attempt to make sense of a confused world of impressions and feelings, to bring order where previously there was only chaos.
From the Paper
"Coleridge?s is an extreme model of nostalgia. Casting his mind back to childhood, he finds that the child he once was is also indulging in nostalgic thoughts of a still deeper past; the past he may have experienced even before birth, on a far different plane. This is the blissful, innocent world which becomes the ideal for all present existence, and the child who can still recall it, and imaginatively re-inhabit that world through nostalgia becomes, to the romantic mind, like a visionary without language or the proper means of expressing his recollection."
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Poetry in the 21st Century, 2004.
Explains the continuing relevance of poetry in our current era.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
As the 21st century begins, poetry remains relevant to the lives of people in the Western world, an antidote to the popular culture of spectacle and instant gratification. Using the example of British poet, Jamie McKendrick, this paper argues that poetry remains relevant because it reflects what is universally felt and experienced by humanity. Poetry is irrelevant to popular culture, but not to the populace. McKendrick's poetry reflects life in a way that more spectacular entertainment cannot do. His poems invite the reader to reflect on great questions and to notice small details and beauties of the world. One of McKendrick's abilities is to express emotions in a way that the readers themselves could perhaps never manage. Poets are truth-speakers, and because their work truly reflects life, it is seldom straightforward. It is rare that a poem is fully appreciated after the first reading. Poetry demands engagement with the reader or listener; it cannot be passively watched like a Hollywood film. The reader must interact with the poem, and in the process, helps create the poem, since the meaning inferred by one reader may be different from that of another reader, and both may be different from the author's intended meaning. The paper concludes that poetry continues to be relevant because it expresses the human experience and does so with an uncommon intimacy and truthfulness.
From the Paper
"A poem will last for centuries if it skillfully explores the human experience because the essence of that experience does not change. Sappho and John Donne, for example, will always be relevant because people will always develop romantic infatuations. Alienation, longing, love, grief, the search for meaning, the discovery of the sublime in mundane life: These things will always be relevant. McKendrick can set his poems outside of time, as he does with "The Belen", or set a poem in Dante's Hell, because he writes about being human, not about being human in a particular century. In Ink Stone, he often writes of loss. The struggle of the intellect to understand death and the loneliness felt at the death of someone who understood one's dreams will resonate with readers in the next century as much as in this one because the act of grieving will not change."
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Children's Poetry, 2002.
An overview of poetic genres in children's poetry and how children relate/react to poetry.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how poetry is a useful form of literature for children, intellectually and emotionally. It discusses the creative use of language, which is specialized to stimulate the imagination and arouse feelings of readers, especially children.
From the Paper
"Narrative poetry evokes emotions that represent the mood or feeling of the work, rather than that of the poet. This type of poetry was often used orally to relate new or events to others and in written form it is read like a story. Although some narrative poems (such as epics and romances) are too sophisticated for young readers, ballads are an appropriate form for this age level. Originally designed for an illiterate people, ballads are easily remembered and adaptable for singing or recitation. Although some ballads are ancient and difficult for children to relate to, ?old ballads do serve to transport children to a more primitive past, to wilderness, to feudalism, to a time quite different from their own, yet not without flavorsome, musical, language.? The appeal of these ballads is often in the use of language, which evokes a mood or emotions."
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Teaching Ethics Through Student Written Poetry, 2005.
A paper on the possibilities inherent in using poetry as a means of teaching morality/poetry.
2,387 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
In consideration of the age old question about where and how to begin teaching ethics to students, this paper looks at whether student written poetry might be an effective tool to teach the importance of living in an ethical manner.
From the Paper
"Gibelman , Gelman , and Fast (1999) conducted what they called a quasi-experiment. They created a specific set of criteria for a research paper, based on course content in a social work graduate school program. Then they took an actual student-written paper, one bought "off-the-shelf" from a "paper mill" and a custom-written paper. The study doesn't say if the same service was used for both of the bought papers. The next step was to send the three variations to professors around the country for grading. It is interesting to note that the most well-received paper was the student-written one where the writer had actually attended the class the paper was for. The custom-written paper was the next best graded. These researchers suggest that the student written paper was most acceptable because the student had information and insight into what the instructor required for the paper that could only be gained from attending classes. Instructor formulate the parameters of essays and research papers to make specific determinations about student knowledge and ability."
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