| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "PENAL LAW REFORMS": |
|
|
Penal Law Reforms, 2004.
A proposal of penal law reforms for the sovereign state of Purgatorio.
3,868 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a discussion and research on the criminalization of offenses, legal theory, philosophy and harms to society. The paper contends that harms to an individual or society, often fail to provide a clear path for legislatures to follow in regards to constructing legal statutes for criminalization. The intention of the paper is to serve as a blue print for the legislature when designing a legal argument for or against criminalization of a harm. This explanatory legal work seeks to consider the main aspect of each harm and their perceived impact.
Outline
Philosophy of Punishment
Statutory Provisions
Statutory Provisions: Potentially Criminalized Harms
Standards of Justification: Self Defense
Sentencing Formula and Regulations
Final Commentary
From the Paper
"The philosophy of punishment for the state of Purgatorio would rely heavily on the careful balance between justice and incapacitation. Education of this state's citizens regarding crime causation would be paramount. Purgatorio rejects the rehabilitation approach to crime and accepts the idea that we cannot ever fully prevent crime, and that most criminals will continue to re-offend even after they are released from custody."
| |
|
Penal Reform, 1997.
Historical overview of penal system & reform efforts, advantages of punishment vs. rehabilitation, recidivism, treatment programs and future outlook.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Society's desire to control criminal behavior has always been the basis for the establishment and perpetuation of carceral systems the world over. How those systems operate, and the extent to which they are successful, has been of much concern and debate for sociologists, psychologists, criminologists, and the general public, especially in the western world. In America, the establishment of the current penitentiary form of incarceration can be traced to the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries as the fledgling country sought to separate itself from its historical and political ties to England and the European continent.
Indeed, the American penal reform movement is at least as old as the country. At the time of the Revolution, the main societal controls designed to control and punish criminal.."
| |
|
The Reformation and Counter-Reformation Periods, 2005.
A brief over-view of a religiously-divided Europe during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation periods.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The following paper is a brief review of the religious schism that wracked Europe, principally France and Germany, during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation periods. The paper examines how the various leaders involved responded, and what the long-term consequences of their decisions were for their respective lands. The paper also notes how the period actually strengthened the French while weakening the Holy Roman Empire.
From the Paper
"The history of modern Europe has seen its share of troubling religious divides and more than its share of religious violence. That being said, the French monarchy was initially repressive towards religious dissent but gradually assumed a more progressive approach as the sixteenth century drew to a close. In the early decades of the Sixteenth century, however, Francis I was notorious in his brutal crack-down of the emerging sixteenth century Protestantism; this persecution was ably pursued by his successor, Henri II who also took it upon himself to contest a variety of territorial holdings with the Holy Roman Empire, England and Spain. As the second half of the sixteenth century proceeded, French efforts to thwart the Protestant upheaval grew in conviction."
| |
|
Law-Legal Briefs, 2007.
An application of Articles 35 and 20 of New York's Penal Law in relation to Popye, Olive Oyl and Bluto.
1,253 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper reviews Articles 35 and 20 of New York's Penal Law. The paper applies these two articles to the case of Popye and Olive Oyl. According to the paper, Popye tries to defend Olive Oyl's honor by trying to beat up Bluto, who gets the upper hand. The paper goes on to say that Olive Oyl then kills Bluto in order to save Popye's life.
With this in mind, this paper will answer various related questions in an effort to better understand these laws and how they apply in theoretical, and actual cases.
Outline:
Abstract/Scenario
Olive's Most Serious Crimes from the Viewpoint of a Juror
Availability of Justification Defense Under Article 35 of New York Penal Law
Implications Under Article 20 of New York Penal Law
Legal Precedence
Summary
From the Paper
"Preceding all of the actions that began with Popeye and Bluto's physical fight and climaxing in the death of Bluto at the hands of Olive, under Code 20, lies the Duty of Retreat, which holds that when there was a possibility for a verbal argument to escalate into physical fight, Popeye had the obligation to remove himself from the situation, as did Olive. When neither elected to do so, however, there was a violation of the New York Penal Code, leading to the consideration of their guilt or innocence."
| |
|
Reforms in Poland, 1990.
This paper dsicusses economic, political and social reforms in Poland as related to socialist history: Western assistance and investment, past reforms, other Eastern bloc nations, possible outcomes and effects on Polish people.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, $ 95.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"In March 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Central Committee, and Chairman of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Council of Defense. In the somewhat more than five years that he has been the nation's leader, he has introduced far reaching social, political, and economic initiatives.
While economic, political, and social change in the Soviet Union was beginning to emerge under Gorbachev's leadership, however, such change had either been attempted or was already underway in some of the other socialist states. Perhaps the socialist country with the longest uninterrupted experience with change of this sort is Poland. Labor unrest precipitated political turmoil in that country in the summer of 1956, and the ... "
| |
|
Reforms of the Security Council, 2006.
An analysis of the United Nations Security Council reforms required tackle the challenges of the 21st century.
3,379 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper makes an attempt to trace the history of performance of the United Nations Security Council and purposes for which the veto has been used. It also discusses the various reform proposals and their supposed effectiveness in meeting the objectives of reforms. Finally, the paper presents a blueprint of a proposed reforms package.
Outline
The Main Problems of the Security Council
The Past as Prelude
The Reform Proposals
What Dent the Proposed Reforms Can Make-Can they Democratize the Security Council?
A Proposed Blueprint
From the Paper
"The reform of the Security Council has been on the international agenda for quite some time. Even by conservative standards, there seems to be an agreement on the existence of certain problems with the Security Council structure. Based on who happened to be on the winning side of the war 60 years ago, it is not representative of United Nations membership and out of key with the United Nations' Charter requirement of "equitable geographical distribution" of seats. It could reasonably be argued that the original 1945 bargain, which conceded privileges to certain nations in return for commitment, has broken down and should be revisited."
|
| Term Paper # 26503 |
temporarily unavailable
|
|
|
|
Korea and IMF Structural Reforms, 2004.
Examines the political, economic and social impacts of the International Monetary Fund's reforms on Korea.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This essay argues that the IMF structural adjustment program implemented in Korea during its economic crisis has hindered Korea's sovereignty and domestic enterprises by promoting autonomy of the Bank of Korea and liberalization of labour market and foreign trade. Many economists argue that it is urban low-income households in Korea whose living conditions have been most hampered by the IMF structural reforms . This essay also investigates how lives of urban low-income households have been challenged as a consequence of the IMF structural reforms. Fortunately, the economy is recovering slowly. But the legacies of structural reforms still remain; state power over its central bank and legislative branch has not been restored, many of major domestic enterprises are largely owned by foreign investors and the urban poor people suffer from marginalizatoin.
From the Paper
"The financial crisis that erupted in Asia in mid-1997 led to sharp decline in the currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices of a number of East and Southeast Asian countries . In an astonishingly short period of time, these along with horrendous social consequences have plagued South Korea, a nation that previously had an unparalleled record of economic development . In late November 1997, the Deputy Prime Minister Mr. Lim announced that the Government has requested the IMF's support for an economic stabilization and reform program. Corresponding to this request, the IMF launched an economic stabilization and reform program, composed of three major componenets: exchange market stabilization, financial policies and structural reform."
| |
|
The New Face of India's Reforms, 2005.
A review of the Indian economic, financial and banking reforms.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the nature of Indian economic, financial market and banking system reforms. According to this paper, the majority of these reforms were began in 1991 following India's decision to open up its economy to free-market principals and to liberalize its capital markets. These moves necessitate deep and substantial changes to India's banking system.
From the Paper
"It could be said that India's current monetary and fiscal policy began in the early 1990s following the government's determination to change from a heavily autocratic, socialist type governmental policy to a more open, free market, capital system. India's monetary and fiscal policy, which is based on the Rupee, was tasked by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to affect several changes on fiscal policy in order liberalize its economy: 1) increase petroleum product prices, 2) increase net taxes, 3) improve tax compliance, 4) unload up to 20% of equity in public enterprises, 5) cuts subsidies, 6) reduce defense expenditures and 7) exercise restraint on GDP expenditures (Desai 25)."
| |
|
19th Century Reforms in Great Britain, 2004.
An analysis of the political, social, and economic reforms in Great Britain up to 1850.
2,061 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses 19th century Britain and focuses on the political, social, and economic reforms that took place during this era. The paper explains that the reform in the British government between 1831 and 1850 greatly aided in the dynamic changes within England based on the economic, political, and social agendas held by the various political parties. The paper claims that these reforms were a necessary adjunct to English history, for they made the country stronger and more cohesive, helped immensely during the coming years of the 20th century when England would be tested to its limits in the 'Great War' of 1914 and World War II.
From the Paper
"Between 1831 and 1850, Great Britain experienced numerous economical, political and social problems that threatened to literally tear the country apart. For many of those associated with the English government, especially the men that sat in the House of Lords and the House of Commons, it was clear that after the disastrous war with the American Colonies that England must somehow reform its laws and statutes that mostly affected the middle and lower classes. Thus, many new bills and acts were passed that in essence served as the dynamic process for change in Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution, which had vastly altered the social and economic face of England between 1750 and 1850, brought about the need for change, for it "posed a set of technical administrative problems which no. . . party, Whig or Tory, was capable of handling" and forced the British government to seek out "a fresh interpretation of the duties of government" (Churchill 23-24)."
| |
|
Seniors and Medicare Reforms, 2005.
A look at medicare reforms and health care costs, questioning whether seniors are really better off.
22,651 words (approx. 90.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This study looks at the Medicare reform issue and determines whether there is merit to the desires of those that wish to change the reforms that will go into effect in two years. Chapter One takes into account the problem, the overview of the study to be conducted, and how significant this study is. Also included is the rationale and scope of the study, as it is necessary not only to show how and why the study is important, but also to show what will be proved and how this will be carried out. Chapter Two is a review of sources that give indication as to the feelings and beliefs about Medicare reform, as well as what kinds of changes will actually occur when Medicare reform takes place. Positive and negative aspects are discussed, as well as a description of the sources. Chapter Three is the methodology chapter, and it explains what kinds of tools were used to create this study. Chapter Four deals with the analysis of the data that was collected in Chapter Two, since the opinions and beliefs of the individuals that are dealing with this issue are very important. Chapter Five then examines the recommendations that can be made as to how the program can be improved and looks at the conclusions that can be drawn from the information already collected about the issue at hand.
Table of Contents
Chapter One
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Overview of the Study
Significance of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Scope of the Study
Chapter Two
Review of Related Literature
Description of Sources Used
Positive Aspects
Negative Aspects
Literature Review
Chapter Three
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Procedures Used and Data Analysis
Research Considerations and Limitations
Validity and Uniqueness of the Data
Summary
Chapter Four
Analysis of the Data
Chapter Five
Summary Conclusions and Recommendations
Bibliography
From the Paper
"This study that will be conducted here is a simple one. A review of the literature will be undertaken in the following chapter, and this will allow for study of the plans that the government has and the ways that they have decided to change the Medicare system. Sources will be used to show both the positive and negative aspects of changing the Medicare system, as well as to show the positive and negative aspects of the system that Medicare currently uses.
Only by examining both of these can it truly be determined whether the changes that are to be made to Medicare are going to be good or bad for the majority of people in the long run. It is possible that the changes that will be made to Medicare will actually help some people, but if they do not help the majority of those that use the system, then they are not really what is needed to fix Medicare. It is safe to assume that the Medicare system, like so many other health care systems in the United States today, is broken and needs to be fixed. However, there is grave concern about whether the reforms that are planned for Medicare are actually the fix that Medicare needs."
| |
|
Reforms in the Australian Public Sector, 2006.
An examination of current reforms in the Australian public sector.
1,537 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 50.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines reforms recently made in the Australian public sector. The basis of the changes was modeled after the private sector, and building customer satisfaction. This model is analyzed and the various parties identified and discussed. The public sector in Australia and its reform is seen as in process and by no means complete. However, the awareness of paradigm shifts, management perceptions, and the recognition of public needs form a large part of the achievement of the necessary reforms. The Australian public sector, like many other places of business, is changing according to the needs of its times and its public. This is achieved through all levels of management with the collaboration of all stakeholders as one team.
From the Paper
"The managing out imperative, as seen above, has changed according to the changing needs of society and the public. Changing technological paradigms, as well as the increasing integration of the public sector with other service providers, has increased the complexity of public service provision (Mulgan 2004). This is why all managing roles have become vitally important to the success of the entire public sector. Middle managers play an especially important role, as they form the connection between top managers and the lower levels of the public sector on one level, and also between the public sector and its stakeholders and clients.
This is only one of the changes occurring during the last decades of the last century, and the first decade of this one. The very concept of leadership, as seen above, has changed from authoritarian to democratic and collaborative. The gab between public sector culture and public interest is a need that can be addressed by means of middle management."
| |
|
Ottoman Empire Reforms, 2007.
This paper looks at the Tanzimat reforms of reformist sultans in the Ottoman Empire, with a focus on Mount Lebanon.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper relates that in the mid 1800s, reformist sultans in the Ottoman Empire developed and issued the Tanzimat, a set of policy reforms. The paper discusses the political environment and policy system that the Tanzimat was designed to address. The paper discusses the general direction of the reformist agenda and highlights the application of that agenda in the Mount Lebanon province in order to assess the success of the Ottoman reforms and their subsequent impact on policy administration in the modern Middle East.
Outline:
Local Administration in the Ottoman Empire
Implementation of the Tanzimat in Mount Lebanon
From the Paper
"In the mid 1800's, reformist sultans in the Ottoman Empire developed and issued the Tanzimat, a set of policy reforms that were designed to alter the established governing institutions of the empire and halt the empire's slow decline in relation to emerging border nations across Europe. The essential direction of the reforms was to centralize and secularize policy administration throughout the empire in order to ensure that individual citizens were treated fairly and equally, and that the empire remained united and strengthened. In order to achieve this, reformist sultans realized that local institutions had to be controlled so that they were not taking advantage of their distance from the capital to manipulate subjects and policy in order enrich a few local citizens. Their attempt at reform was, at its foundation, the same movement toward rationalizing and realigning policy administration that occurred in the nations of Europe in and around the 18th Century, so that the elements of the modern state could emerge throughout the scattered empire."
| |
|
Educational Reforms, 2005.
Explores the history of school reforms in the United States.
2,394 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 73.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The report examines change as it has occurred from the fifties to the present in regards to school reform efforts in the United States. The paper examines and analyzes the No Child Left Behind legislation, as well as other future and contemporary school reform efforts in the light of an historical perspective divided by decade. New horizons for school reform are also be assessed.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Chronology and Overview
Fifties
Sixties
Seventies
Eighties
Nineties - Present
NCLB Act
Accountability
Concentrating Resources on Proven Methods
More Parent Choice
Contemporary Reform
Staff Development
New Areas of Interest
Bibliography
Flexibility for States and Communities
From the Paper
"The first focus of the NCLB act is stronger accountability for results. This refers to the act's imposition of performance based measures. Under this facet of the act, schools that show significant improvement overall in terms of student achievement on standardized tests are rewarded, and schools that are not strong performers or improvers are punished. This is designed to make schools more accountable for the kinds of student being produced. The main focus of the supporting argument for this aspect of NCLB is that currently, schools are not always producing students who have the basic skills they need to succeed in either college or the real world. In their opinion, the mass institution of standardized testing would change this trend for the better."
| |
|
1992 Election Reforms in Israel, 1998.
A look at the ramifications of the 1992 election reforms in Israel.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper details the nature of Israeli democracy since the nation?s 1992 reforms, presenting strong evidence of the new system?s weaknesses and strengths. The paper looks at the old system, then looks at the new reform system and the reasons for the change.
From the Paper
"The State of Israel has used a system of national proportional representation since its inception in 1948. The electoral system has led to large numbers of diverse parties actively participating in government. Under Israeli proportional representation, each registered party submits a ranked list of its contenders and providing that the party passes the qualifying threshold of 1.5% of the total vote, it will receive a proportional amount of seats from 120 that are available in the Knesset?the Israeli parliament. Until the 1992 election reform, the party list winning a majority of votes would have its top leader become the Prime Minister and try to form a ruling coalition. The 1992 reform, however, effective in the latest 1996 election allowed each voter to choose a party list, and to vote separately for Prime Minister who must be elected by a majority of the vote."
|
|
|
