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Peasants? Revolt, 2006.
A review of the causes for the Peasants' Revolt of 1381.
1,371 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the main causes of the 1381 Peasants' Revolt. It gives a general background of the roles that Christianity and the church play within society. The author explains how religion has the capacity to both incite and quell rebellions. Usually, the distinction between the two rests in the distinction between the teachings of religion and the establishments responsible for relaying those teachings. The paper expands on how the peasants' revolt of 1381 clearly exemplifies this schism and explains this apparent duel-edged power of the Church.
From the Paper
"By 1381, however, the Catholic Church was facing crises on a number of fronts. "It was the papacy of Urban VI, however, and the anti-French reforms that became associated with it, which was to split the Church for nearly half a century. . . . The great 'schism' meant that two popes now ruled God's kingdom on earth." This divided the organizational structure of the Church and undermined the supposedly divinely appointed position of the pope. Since the obvious bases for the great schism were political in nature, it was easy for everyone in Christendom to recognize the non-spiritual foundations upon which the Church fundamentally rested. Additionally, the opposing religious sides birthed even more fierce divisions along cultural and geographic boundaries. Notably for Britain, the Scots openly supported the French pope while the English supported the Italian pope. This gave the English added cause to attack the Scots; a sequence of events that would have implications for the revolt."
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Catholicism and the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, 2008.
An analysis of the religious orientation of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 according to "Spanish Missions, Cultural Conflict, and the Pueblo Revolt of 1680" by Henry Bowden and "Franciscans and the Pueblo Revolt" by Ramon Gutierrez.
1,178 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two essays, "Spanish Missions, Cultural Conflict, and the Pueblo Revolt of 1680" by Henry Bowden and "Franciscans and the Pueblo Revolt" by Ramon Gutierrez that are found within "What Caused the Pueblo Revolt of 1680?" by David Weber. The paper compares and contrasts the two sources and then discusses the conflict's religious orientation according to these sources.
From the Paper
"A close reading of the descriptions offered by the governor of New Mexico, Don Antonio de Otermin, will, naturally, highlight the religious overtone of the revolt. As Spanish officials cared very little (if at all) for the physical well-being of their subjects, the description, with its endless religious rhetoric, fails to address the very real material reasons for the uprising, choosing instead to relate the absolute horror of the Spaniards when they encountered the religious sabotage of the Pueblo Indians: "What grieved us most were the dreadful flames from the church and the scoffing and ridicule which the wretched and miserable Indian rebels made of the sacred things, intoning the alabado and the other prayers of the church with jeers" (Hackett). This incident gives much credence to Bowden's argument, and it certainly seems that the Pueblo revolt was geared towards the removal of all things Catholic from the land. And, although the governor never mentions it in his long letter, this goal was coupled with the belief that this removal would result in a paradise of abundance and health."
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"Peasant Wives", 2004.
An analysis of the brutal reality of peasant life, as portrayed in Anton Chekhov?s "Peasant Wives".
1,396 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how most of the works of the Russian author, Anton Chekhov, involve peasant people, depicting their lives, afflictions, and joys. It examines how he is an author that represents life in a different angle, at times making the readers feel disillusioned or pessimistic after reading his works. In particular, it discusses Chekhov?s ability to illustrate reality about human life through the study of his short story, ?Peasant Wives.? Through an analysis of the text, it posits that the brutality of peasant life is vividly depicted in Chekhov?s literary works, mainly through the characters and themes illustrated in the story.
From the Paper
"The first theme, the theme of realism, talks about the main elements present in most of Chekhov?s works, which mainly centers on the element of familiar and the negative of the lives of people. Through the theme of realism, Chekhov truthfully illustrates Russian peasant life in ?Peasant Wives,? wherein difficulties experienced by people of poverty and the seemingly ?familiar? conditions that they confront everyday give life to Chekhov?s narrative. Furthermore, through the help of the characters in the story, Chekhov manages to add a different twist to these two elements that is characteristic only of Chekhov?s writing and narrative style."
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Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", 2005.
This paper discuses Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", a modern history of the Middle East from the perspective of the changing peasant and urban artisan classes and the emerging modern working-classes.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East" begins in 1750, which marks the start of modern history for the Middle East because of (1) the rise of autonomous provincial regimes, (2) the expansion of agricultural production and (3) the intensification of links between several parts of the Ottoman Empire and the world capitalist market. The author points out that Beinin argues that industrial manufacturing was introduced to the Middle East as part of a drive to establish modern armies and extend the power of the states. The paper relates that Beinin considers the period after the collapse of global oil prices in 1985-86, when states became unable to provide previously established levels of services, thus creating an economic and moral vacuum, as the beginning of the political Islamic movements of establishing a popular base by offering social services, including education, health care and child care.
From the Paper
"During the era of Fordism-Keynesianism many Middle Eastern states pursued policies of populism, nationalist anti-imperialism, state-led economic development, and import-substitution industrialization. Some examples of this post-World War II trend he cites were Muhammad Mossadegh's nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951 and Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal Company in 1956. State-led development and import-substitution industrialization were key components of the social policies advanced by Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir in Egypt, the Ba'th in Syria and Iraq and the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) from the 1950s to the 1970s. The political and economic programs of these authoritarian-populist regimes were designated "Arab nationalism" and "Arab socialism" respectively."
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The Peasants and the French Revolution, 2001.
Examines the role of the large population of French peasants in the French Revolution of 1789.
952 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the role of the farming peasantry of France in pushing forward the French Revolution. What grievances and suffering had the peasants endured that led to open revolt in 1789, and what revolutionary responses did they take? While not representative of the political or intellectual strength that provoked the French Revolution, the peasant?s role in toppling the old regime cannot be ignored. This essay describes and evaluates that role.
From the Paper
"It should be said before beginning that during the initial struggle between the status quo and the other classes (aristocracy, bourgeoisie, workers), the peasants had played little or no role. In fact, they had literally no part in ?provoking? the first responses and revolts, and before July, 14, 1789 there was scarcely any question of the peasants. Their grievances and complaints were of little interest to the National Assembly, in which they had no members (Lefebvre 131). Yet, if one examines the story of the French peasantry and evidence provided by Georges Lefebvre, it can be argued that they had had been suffering longer and had more to complain about than any of the other classes of French society and that their actions in July and August, 1789 were utterly crucial ones. In the end, it was the mass peasant uprising of 1789 that pushed forward the revolution, destroying the remnants of the manorial and feudal system, and finally bringing all the non-aristocratic social classes in France fully together in their efforts to topple the status quo."
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The Arab Revolt of 1916, 2005.
An historical analysis of the Arab Revolt of 1916, a unification of Arab factions against the Ottoman Turks supported by imperial England and France.
1,956 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The Arab Revolt of 1916 offers the critical scholar many different views of the representatives involved in the struggle, many of whom were seen to exhibit paradoxical behavior that is either purported against or denied by many historical scholars. This paper explains how the revolt itself is also paradoxical at times, considering differing interpretations of unified nationalism, imperialism, and tribal cohesion. It discusses how Sherif Hussein and T.E. Lawrence are two representative icons from the struggle that are also representative of the historical questions of paradox which it raises. On the surface, the Arab Revolt was a unification of Arab factions against Turkish power supported by France and England. Beneath the surface, it was much more complicated.
From the Paper
"History is often thought of in terms of progress and unity; many historians tend to confer a certain unitizing theoretical paradigm when speaking of events, and especially individuals, of the past. The reality of the historical situation also may have been more of a continuation of progressing events than the sudden creation of a new impetus to which
some historians and scholars attribute historically ?great? individuals. Examining the Arab Revolt of 1916, in which there was a unification of Arab factions against the Ottoman Turks (axis) supported by imperial England and France (allies), one can see many historical perspectives working at once, many of them seeking to confer different versions of greatness upon individuals who were crucial to the struggle. Chief among these historical personages were Sherif Hussein and T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia). Examining different historical treatments of these representative figures, we can see how historians and scholars tend to confer unitizing elements of goals and progress to
often contradictory (and therefore essentially human rather than mythical) individuals."
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Causes and Effects of the 1798 Revolt in Ireland, 2001.
Examines the social, political, and economic factors leading up the 1798 revolt in Ireland.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the causes and effects of the revolt of 1798 in Ireland. It examines the social, political, and economic factors leading up the revolt. It includes penal laws and alliance between Catholic and Presbyterians. It also looks at the effects of the revolt including the Act of Union and economic downturn of the early 1800s.
From the Paper
"It is difficult to place your finger on one cause of the revolt of 1798. The revolt was the culmination of years of events in Ireland and abroad. New ideas and decades old grievances combined to create one of the bloodiest events on the island. One single event did not cause the revolt."
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Eric Wolf's "Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century"., 2002.
Discusses a book by Eric Wolf on the major peasant uprisings of the twentieth century.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses Eric Wolf's "Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century". The paper examines Wolf's account of the major popular peasant-based revolutions of the twentieth century -- in Russia, Mexico, China, Algeria, Cuba, and Viet Nam. William Rodney's work is used to illuminate Wolf's main points.
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Slave Revolt of Nat Turner, 2002.
Describes the events which lead up to and followed the slave revolt by Nat Turner in 1831.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This research constructs a narrative of the slave revolt led by Nat Turner in 1831, with reference to documents produced at the time of the event. The research sets forth the context in which the Turner rebellion occurred and then discusses the motivation of Turner, the causes of the revolt and the goals of the rebels.
From the Paper
"By the time Nat Turner and other slaves killed more than 50 white people in and around Southampton, Virginia, in August of 1831, the slaveholders of the South had little experience that might have prepared them for the realization that the institution of slavery could place their lives in jeopardy. A conspiracy led by Denmark Vesey, a free Negro living in Charleston, North Carolina, had emerged in 1822, partly out of public discourse over the Missouri Compromise (1821), which settled the geographical boundaries of slavery in the territory of the Louisiana Purchase. When a "faithful retainer" revealed the plot, Vesey and 35 others were hanged, and another 34 were exiled (Wiltse 71). By 1831, public discourse of slavery and antagonistic North-South debate had heightened with the appearance of Garrison?s abolitionist newspaper The Liberator. Nevertheless, Nat Turner?s slave rebellion was not anticipated, and this fact is supported by the commentary that contained a good deal of speculation about the revolt?s causes and Turner?s motives."
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The ?Great Revolt?, 2004.
A discussion on whether the ?Great Revolt? in England in the summer of 1381 against the government was the result of high taxation.
2,082 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how The ?Great Revolt? in England in the summer of 1381, though perhaps unexpected in its magnitude and diversity, was not a sudden or chance uprising but the product of a number of complicated and inter-related antagonisms. It looks at how, although the unreasonably high Poll Taxes of 1377, 1379 and 1380 were the principal triggers for revolt, there were other underlying roots of disorder, sown into English society in the first half of the fourteenth century. It explores the feudal state of England at the time, the decay of the tenant-serf relationship, the impacts of the 100 years war and the influence of Lollardy and the Wyclif movement as well as the state of the monarchy and the corruption within government in relation to the social and political grieviences of the bourgeoise.
From the Paper
"High taxation certainly inflamed the commons though to what extent this was out of desperation or anger is unclear. Interestingly, the first target of the Essex rebels under John Wrawe was the manor of Overhall ? the property of hated financier Sir Richard Lyons. Further targeting of Archbishop Sudbury?s fiscal officers occurred. Disturbances in Essex ended with the stoning of poll-tax commissioners; the house of John Cobat, a collector of the Poll Tax, was among the few to be attacked and looted in Ipswich and the prime occupation of the Suffolk rebels was the capture of Sir John Cavendish ? the Chief Justice of the King?s Bench and the new Chancellor of the University of Cambridge."
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The Iconoclastic Movement in the Dutch Revolt, 2006.
A discussion of the causes of the Iconoclastic Movement in the Dutch Revolt (1559-1648).
2,525 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Iconoclastic Movement in the Netherlands (1566 - 1567) as the beginning of the Dutch Revolt and takes a look at the historical context of the Dutch Revolt, particularly the political, economic and social aspects of the Netherlands in the sixteenth century. The paper further examines the factors that stimulated the launch of iconoclasm in the Netherlands. Additionally, the paper discusses those who supported the iconoclasts, overtly or otherwise, and tries to understand what their motives were.
From the Paper
"Further evidence of disunity in the Netherlands is found in the political make-up of the counties. Each province had its own parliament with its own laws. Criminals could often avoid persecution by simply crossing a border. In a more physical sense, geographical boundaries hindered communications between counties and other foreign countries; rivers, lakes and dikes covered the Low Countries, often making messengers on foot the fastest method of delivery. Another example of the lack of unity was the variety of languages that were spoken throughout the Netherlands. Limm describes these linguistic divisions as 'an obstacle to unity', but was a united Netherlands under one all-powerful king what the Dutch people wanted? Most certainly not."
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The Revolt of Mother, 2004.
A Marxist analysis of "The Revolt of 'Mother'" by Mary Wilkins Freeman.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper analyses the short story "The Revolt of 'Mother'" by Mary Wilkins Freeman and contends that the story is an example of Marxist principles. It also discusses how "the magic of ideology" functions as a means of developing the narrative pattern and the characters.
From the Paper
"This research examines Mary E Wilkins Freeman's short story "The Revolt of Mother" as an exemplar of Marxist principles. The research will provide an outline of the text and then discuss how the magic of ideology functions as a means of developing ..."
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Peasant Women of 19th Century France, 2002.
Historical account of the lives of peasant women in France during the 19th century.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
A study of the lives and culture of French peasant women during the 19th century. Discusses the influence of the Revolution, and of Napoleon's structural improvements, on rural France and (indirectly) on the role of women in the economy. Also covers rural schooling efforts and the influence of industrialization on population and materials available in rural areas.
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Evolution of Peasants' Clothing in Europe, 2002.
Examines how changing social conditions were reflected in the dress of peasants in Europe.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper shall examine how the changes in social conditions in Europe enabled the peasant classes to wear different types of clothing. There is an emphasis on how clothing served to indicate social change.
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Peasant Rebellions, 2004.
This essay discusses the Southeast Asian Peasant Rebellions of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
1,502 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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This is a comprehensive discussion of whether the Southeast Asian Peasant Rebellions of the 19th and early 20th centuries were localized, nationalistic, or both. The paper cites multiple sources and argues that there were elements of nationalism involved in these rebellions, but that, at the same time, they were often localized events.
From the Paper
"For the most part, during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, peasant rebellions in Southeast Asia have been localized events, usually fairly narrow in scope, as well as in sheer numbers. Nationalism has tended not to render itself a major cause of these uprisings, and instead, the peasants have typically rebelled against local tyrannies and unjust local policies. Southeast Asian residents have traditionally identified strongly with their villages, rather than with their nations, and this sociological organization certainly played a role in the lack of widespread nationalistic rebellions. As colonial rule wore on, however, nationalistic sentiment increased, and eventually gave rise to several nationalist-based peasant uprising in Southeast Asia, including the Hsaya San Rebellion in Burma, and to a lesser extent, the Cao Dai in Southern Vietnam."
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