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Pay Equity, 2005.
This paper discusses the problems and history of pay equity.
4,080 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that pay equity is a gender independent pay process, which reduces wage inequity between men and women workers: Same wages for the same jobs. The author points out that pay equity is not a new issue; the National Federation of Business and Professional Women's (BPWs) Clubs, was established in July 1919 to eradicate sex discrimination in workplace, to confirm the principle of equal pay and to legislate a complete equal rights amendment. The paper relates that the wage disparity became apparent in the U.S. because of women and minorities entering the paid workforce; however, its prevalence was not perceived until the large entry of women seeking jobs during World War II.
Table of Contents
Thesis Statement
Introduction
Pay Equity Issues between Men and Women
Pay Equity Organizations and Websites
Efforts of Women's Organizations on Wage Discrimination
World War II and Influx of Women in Workforce
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Irrespective of the promulgation of Equal Pay Act ever since last four decades the wage disparities between men and women obstinately prevails. Women are still failing to earn equal pay for equal work only equal pay for comparable work. Such discrimination not only influences the spending capacity of women but also it costs their retirement security by entailing wide gulf between the social security and pensions. As per the study of 2004 conducted by the Institute for Women's Policy Research, on the basis of the US Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor statistics, it has been brought out that woman employed full time only gets 76 cents in comparison to one dollar for a man in the same time. The real median income of women is observed to have reduced by more than half a million dollar i.e. $523,000 over the last four decades."
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Pay Equity vs. Pay Equality, 2002.
Examining the phenomenon of the gaps in wages between men and women in the United States.
1,158 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the sensitive issue of pay inequality between men and woman. The writer shows that despite laws passed as far back as 1963, a relatively large gap still exists, and the highest percentage is during peak earning ages (25-54 years old). The paper examines the factors that have contributed to this earning gap and also discusses programs which have been institutionalized in an attempt to decrease the inequality in earning between genders.
From the Paper
"In 1963, President Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act into law, making it unlawful to discriminate against a worker on the basis of sex. Since that time, the wage gap between men and women in the United States has narrowed by just 15 cents, now being 74 cents, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau."
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Pay Equity in Canada, 2002.
A look at the impact of inequality of pay in Canada and the need for equality.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 16 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that several environmental factors in Canada both underscore the need for pay equity and tend to interfere with its achievement. Inequality of pay, has direct relationship to social and legal realities in Canada that work against the cause of ensuring pay equity. Women's roles and places in society have changed dramatically, but in terms of real politick, their frequent condition of disadvantage continues, pointing to women's general precariousness, situations of prevailing pay inequity and what can seem inescapable traps of female poverty.
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Brand Equity, 2005.
Discusses the importance of brand equity to a company and how to go about increasing brand equity.
3,850 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the function of brand equity, explains its importance to a businesses' success, reviews literature on how to build brand equity and takes a look at how the concept of brand equity in the past in order to discern how companies can best increase brand equity in the present and future.
From the Paper
"One of the most significant ways that companies can increase their brand equity is through advertising. Research done in the past on the subject of advertising looked at how people reacted to advertisements, in that it tried to determine if these individuals would buy the product based on the advertisement. More recently, other research has focused on the actual affect and whether or not the consumer actually likes the advertisement that he or she sees (Vakratsas & Ambler, 1999). Sometimes, individuals purchase products from companies simply because they are familiar with a certain brand, even if they do not care for their advertisements. However, brand equity can become much stronger if it can evolve from advertisements that a consumer actually likes and feels good about viewing."
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Chinese and Indian Equity, 2008.
An analysis of private equity in China and India in the age of globalization.
5,500 words (approx. 22.0 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how private equity investment has been encouraged as a corporate growth strategy by the deregulation of international trade and by a historical period of corporate consolidation. The investigation discusses China and India, two of the fastest growing nations in the schemes of both globalizing and rising interests in foreign direct private equity investment. Considering the economic, organizational and political ramifications of private equity investment in either setting, this research ultimately finds that the isolated nature of India's globalization-based growth makes it a less certain opportunity than China, where development of infrastructure and elevation of the middle class are likely to overshadow future political or social unrest.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Private Equity
Private Equity in India
Private Equity in China
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The relationship between the rapid expansion of the Indian capital market and the heightened emphasis on a global investment strategy has given the Indian government as much incentive to open its doors to foreign firms as it has given these firms economic cause to enter the increasingly saturated field. The result has been an incredible boon to India's equity market, where in the first half of fiscal year 2005-2006, India was the site of roughly U.S. $7.96 billion of foreign direct investment (FDI), which represented over three times as much of such investment as had been reported during the prior years first half. (Moniz, [2006]) India's hospitable nature to foreign investment has taken the form of its increasing willingness to allow foreign investment to actually account for the majority interest in some of its largest industries such as the telecom and infrastructure sectors. These major state-regulated concerns are increasingly receptive to the seemingly endless flow of western capital into "development of new airports, laying of natural gas pipelines, petroleum infrastructure, captive mining of coal and lignite, mining of diamonds and precious stones, as well as the development of townships where complete foreign ownership is now welcome." (Moniz, [2006]) This tends to characterize the larger appeal of India."
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Debt and Equity Financing, 2005.
An overview of the positive and negative characteristics of debt and equity financing.
2,157 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how choosing which financing vehicle is best for a company is very important and how equity and debt financing are financial mechanisms by which a firm can raise financial capital. It looks at how the characteristics of each of these two groups depend on three variables: investors' claims on future cash flow, their right to participate in company decisions and their claims on company assets in liquidation. The paper examines the benefits and disadvantages of both.
Outline
Introduction
Characteristics of Equity Financing
Advantages of Equity Financing
Disadvantages of Equity Financing
Characteristics of Debt Financing
Advantages of Debt Financing
Disadvantages of Debt Financing
Contrast Between Equity and Debt Financing
The Capital Structure Decision
The Irrelevance Proposition
Conclusion
References
Appendix
From the Paper
"Equity financing is the act of raising money for company activities by selling common or preferred stock to individual or institutional investors. In return for the money paid, shareholders receive ownership interests in the corporation. Equity (or common stock) offers residual claims. On a balance sheet, equity equals total assets less all liabilities. Equity financing is generally recommended for a business that's experiencing very high growth with high investment risk. The major sources of equity financing include individuals starting the business, friends and family, angel investors, venture capitalists, and public equity markets. Equity can take several forms including preferred stock, common stock, limited partnership interest, and project equity."
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Equity for Gay Students, 2008.
This paper discusses equity in education, and social justice as it relates to gay students.
2,248 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that a commitment to equity in education means a commitment to social justice, which has been an important slogan of the Ontario Ministry of Education for more than 10 years. While one is accustomed to such references applied to the advancement of women or visible minorities, the same general ideal is to apply to persons who are gays or lesbians during their experiences of education. The writer notes that this may be difficult for various schools and educators to assimilate with regard to students who are not heterosexual or espouse support for gay and lesbian fellow students, and notably in Roman Catholic settings that have not been influenced pervasively by contemporary Roman Catholic views on homosexuality, at large. However, the writer maintains that more Ontario Ministry statements on equity and social justice can be expected to refer to matters of gender and sexual orientation in the next years, part of a general social adjustment meant to fully include gay or lesbian persons. The writer concludes that with regard to Roman Catholic education in Ontario one recognizes the need to see equity as social justice realized in more schools' approaches to the gay student.
Outline:
Introduction
Promoting Gay-Accepting School Cultures
Cultural and Pedagogical Lag
Equity, Social Justice and the Gay-Lesbian Student
Skeletons in the Closet
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"The presence of a few gay or lesbian students should be accepted by those who work in Roman Catholic high schools, at the very least, and with teachers and guidance counselors prepared to counsel occasional students to report questions concerning homosexuality including those to state that they realize they are gay. A pastoral message of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops addressed the needs of the parents of gay or lesbian children in a manner demonstrating the hierarchy's acceptance of this phenomenon and the first reactions adults may have to the news that a child is not heterosexual. The general approach is one instructing adults to accept the person who is different, seeing that the person feels supported and does not succumb to depression, alienation or the dangers of these results, directing counseling so that the person does not feel rejected. The general suggestion is that homosexuality is not condemned as much as its lifestyle that may indeed take form if a child is ostracized. In the last years, the Roman Catholic Church has supported research into homosexuality as a human condition and in awareness of gay and lesbian persons who may become vagrant, addicted to drugs or an uncaring promiscuity, if they are rejected by their families and friends."
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Equity Theory, 2004.
A basic overview of the fundamentals of equity theory as it relates to employee management.
780 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines equity theory, a process theory that focuses on individuals? perceptions of how fairly they are treated relative to others. It looks at how, while this theory initially related to pay, it can also be expanded and applied to other areas of workplace relations. It attempts to show how equity theory relates to various factors related to employee management and how, for any organization, there is a need to consider how individual employees and departments are treated in regards to salary, praise, awards, and involvement.
From the Paper
"It is also important to note that equity theory applies to areas that go beyond just pay. Firstly, rewards can come in other forms such as praise, awards, and recognition. If some employees receive greater praise than others, this can result in situations that are perceived as inequitable. Issues of equity also commonly arise between departments. For example, consider a situation where the marketing department is always receiving praise for its accomplishments. Other departments may be just as effective but their outputs are not as obvious. This can result in entire departments feeling that their contribution is not appreciated and can also cause conflict between departments. Another issues relates to involvement with the company."
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Discrimination And Employment Equity in Canada, 2002.
Presents an historical overview of employment and labor equity in Canada.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of employment equity. It looks at the essence of employment equity as well as the arguments for or against employment equity. This paper also offers possible solutions to the present system.
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Brand Equity, 2004.
A literature review of articles about brand equity.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews five different articles about brand equity. The paper examines how each article treats the consequences of an organization adopting a brand equity stance. The paper also discusses the different meanings of the term brand equity to marketers vs. accountants.
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Gender Equality in Athletics, 2004.
An analysis of Title IX, the law promoting gender equality in scholastic and collegiate athletic events.
2,993 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial role that Title IX has played in guaranteeing equal opportunities to both genders in high school and collegiate athletics. The paper explains that the topic's justification stems from its almost limitless potential in affording valuable opportunities to athletes who otherwise might have been excluded from participation. It outlines the three main applications of Title IX - the promise to guarantee gender equity of financial assistance to athletic programs, the accommodation of athletic interests and abilities and equal benefits, opportunities and treatment provided to athletes.
From the Paper
"From its inception one June 23,1972, Title IX has been subject to much congressional debate and modification, fortunately being upheld and even expanded in the last 27 years. The first substantial threat to Title IX occurred in 1974, with Senator Tower proposed the Tower Amendment, which would "exempt revenue-earning sports from being tabulated" in Title IX compliance data. Although it was defeated, the slight modification of the Javits Amendment, "with respect to intercollegiate activities, reasonable provision considering the nature of participating sports," was approved, thus allowing for provisions of inevitable, slight inequalities with regards to event management. Two more attempts to restrict the extent of Title IX with regards to revenue-producing sports were defeated in 1975, and the same year the Title was signed into law by President Gerald R. Ford. The controversy was reawakened in 1977 when Senators Jesse Helms and Representative Martin called for the repealing of Title IX, but their efforts did not win sufficient support. At the decade's end, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare finally instituted a formal policy to define the function of Title IX, that it listed "an institution's obligation to provide equal opportunities and details the factors to considered in assessing actual compliance." "
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Policing Equity, 2008.
This paper argues that police departments especially in Toronto, Canada, have an abysmal track-record in terms of equity in the workplace.
2,095 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although there were landmark appointments of women, visible minorities and homosexuals to positions of power within law-enforcement structures especially in the 1970s, today such appointments in Canada are relatively rare. The author points out that, when police forces fail to hire personnel that represent the community in terms of gender, race and sexuality, they also fail to serve properly the community. The paper stresses that equity will not exist until discriminated community members are allowed to gain power by rising through the ranks and attaining the experience needed to run a major police force.
From the Paper
"Toronto, meanwhile, while considered so progressive that some people playfully refer to it as the new Amsterdam, finds its force far behind on equity issues in terms of employment. While the city is reaching out to more diverse communities in terms of recruitment, it is clear that its power structure is bound and determined to continue in the old ways. In fact, the closest thing the force has had to a top cop from equity communities were former police board chairs Olivia Chow (who is of Chinese descent) and Pam MacConnell (an out-lesbian), both of whom were forced out of their positions after daring to be critical of police."
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Equity in Occupational Gender Roles, 2006.
A look at how the disparity between men and women in occupational equity has changed over time.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the disparity has long existed between men and women in occupational equity, explaining that these changes, for several possible reasons, began to take place during the Neolithic Revolution. The paper also looks at the substantial changes that have been made in the last two centuries through reform acts, legislation, and social movements while also pointing out that, in spite of the great strides that have been made in these areas, women still face difficulties in rising through corporate ranks.
From the Paper
"Men and women have always seemed to occupy different places in the work force. Women have typically taken the role of gatherer, caregiver, nurturer--passive roles, in most cases, in which they stayed close to the family or larger tribal unit. Men, on the other hand, have roamed far from the central group as hunters, warrior, and protectors of the social order. In today's world, the wide gender gap of the nineteenth century has changed substantially to the very narrow spectrum of differences seen today."
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Affirmative Action/Employment Equity, 2002.
A discussion of the morality and justice of affirmative action in the U.S. and employment equity, its Canadian counterpart.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper will examine both the theory and practice of affirmative action (U.S.) and employment equity (Canadian counterpart) on moral and ethical grounds. This paper will argue that while such legislation may be defensible in terms of social engineering, in terms of morality and justice it is indefensible to promote justice to one group by denying justice to another.
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Diversity and Equity, 2002.
A look at 19th century proposals for racial and gender equality in education and in political affairs through the work of W.E.B. DuBois and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
1,052 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how novelist, W.E.B. DuBois, and female suffragist, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, have managed to bring to light the underlying problem that is still at the basis of gender and racial inequality. It discusses how that underlying problem is the apparently hard-to-overcome problem of white men assuming and using all their power to maintain, superiority over anything or anyone other than white men. It analyzes their fights and the parallels between what they espoused in their fights for racial and gender equality.
From the Paper
"There are, of course, similarities in the message, and those similarities are more pronounced between Elizabeth Cady Stanton and W.E.B. DuBois than between Stanton and DuBois predecessor and sometime mentor, Booker T. Washington. First, of course, Washington was the son of a slave, born into slavery himself. DuBois was the son of a freeman, born free in Massachusetts after the Civil War, and able to avail himself of an excellent ?white man?s? education, with degrees from Fisk University, Harvard University (where he earned his Ph.D. in history in 1895) and the University of Berlin."
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