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Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, 2005.
This paper discusses the pathophysiology of the disorder schizophrenia and also looks at diagnosis and treatment.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this essay the writer reviews the pathophysiology of schizophrenia with respect to cell mutations, genetics, cellular adaptation, inflammation, and transmitter disruptions. The article includes a review of current research in the area of schizophrenia. A conclusion is presented with respect to diagnostic procedures as well as treatment regimens. This report also addresses the pathophysiology of the disease as well as discussing diagnostic and treatment modalities.
From the Paper
"Today's modern American family, on entering the twenty- first century, is beset by events and conditions that, fifty years ago, were the story lines of authors such as Orwell and Hersey. Mega-technology, ever-increasing healthcare costs, unprecedented scientific advancement, continual cost of living increases, global conflict, and a broadening of cultural diversity besiege the American family today. The pressures brought to bear on the family are healthy in some ways and detrimental in others. With so much more pressure confronting the American family, the rise of psychopathology must be addressed. The remainder of this report will examine one particular psychological disorder, schizophrenia, with respect to its relationship with the modern American family."
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Pathophysiology of Asthma in Children, 2004.
This paper discusses the pathophysiology of childhood asthma by presenting a case study of a five year-old child at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
2,835 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed case of a child with asthmatic symptoms that are discovered to be exacerbated by Parainfluenza A, which contributed to the onset of his asthma. The author points out that the severity of asthma varies greatly from child to child, from a cough associated with exercise or at night to a catastrophic shortness of breath that leads to death. The paper points out that the inability of endogenous, circulating, catecholamines to induce reversal of bronchoconstriction may reflect one or more defects in the patient with asthma. Figure: Asthma Mechanisms
Table of Contents
CC
Pt. Introduction
Admission to System
Pt. Physical Assessment
Lab Data
Isolated for parainfluenza
Diagnostic Data
Medications-Previous
Medications Ordered
Singular
Flovent MDI
Albuterol MDI
Solumedrol
Ranitidine
Ceftriaxone
Treatment
Clinical Course
Pathophysiology of CC
Lab Data
Diagnostic Data
Medications
Summary
From the Paper
"The primary mechanical effects of asthma on the lung as a result of BMP are increased work of breathing to overcome airway obstruction and hyperinflation attributable to progressive air trapping results from a ball-valve effect in the airways and causes ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch and right-to-left shunting of unoxygenated blood through the lungs. V/Q mismatch and the increased oxygen demand on the respiratory muscles as they work to overcome airway obstruction result in significant hypoxia early in the course of a wheezing episode. This hypoxia stimulates tachypnea, which partially compensates for the V/Q mismatch and is reflected by significant hypocarbia. If airway obstruction is not rapidly reversed, air trapping and V/Q mismatch can progress till decreased ventilation occurs, Pco2 rises, and ultimately respiratory failure ensues."
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Pathophysiology, 2005.
A discussion of the pathophysiology of a number of circulatory system conditions.
4,600 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the pathophysiology, definitions, causes and complications of a number of pathological conditions of the circulatory and other systems. The paper covers: heart disease (MI, heart failure, valve disorders), vascular diseases (CAD, aneurysms), blood diseases (sickle cell, anemias, myelomas), infectious diseases (mononucleosis), heart attacks, shock, childhood heart defects.
From the Paper
"Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in which a clone of abnormal plasma cells forms tumors in the bone marrow. They also produce an abnormal amount of antibodies, which are found in..."
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Pathophysiology Case Study, 2006.
This paper discusses a case study with regard to its pathophysiology.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 0 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
In the paper, different clinical signs and symptoms are analyzed (as much as possible) according to onset, location, duration, character, aggravation, relieving factors and treatment measures already tried. The normal and abnormal physiology as seen in a clinical context are discussed and correlated with other symptoms.
From the Paper
"Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg and above and a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg and above. It is a result of salt sensitivity, which interacts with the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, resulting in a net increase in peripheral arterial pressure. Some individuals may be salt-sensitive or rennin-sensitive. Hypelipidemia is a condition where total cholesterol and its fractions exceeds 200 mg/dL. This is often the result of the accumulation of "unused calories," mostly from excess carbohydrates such as sugars and fatty foods in the diet. This is compounded by a sedentary lifestyle and other factors such as heredity and diabetes mellitus."
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Pathophysiology of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, 2005.
A discussion regarding the disease, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper is a brief examination of the pathophysiology of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, its etiology and sites a few statistics. The focus of this paper is on phiological component of the disease rather than presenting symptoms or treatment. Additionally, the paper further discusses genetic research into lymphomas as the key to finding a cure.
From the Paper
"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the sixth most common cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer death. It is generally estimated that there are 55,000 new cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed annually in the U.S. alone, although recent estimates are as high as 80,000 ("Large Scale Biology Corporation," 2002). Of the wide variety of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma's, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-CLL/SLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and grades I and II follicular lymphoma (FLI/FLII) constitute one third of all NHL cases (Guo, Burger, Nimmrich, Maier, Becker, Duff, Rahmatpanah, Chitma-Matsiga, Shi, Berlin, Huang & Caldwell, 2005). This paper will focus on the various genetic and cellular level abnormalities that occur with NHLs."
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Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Treatment, 2006.
A review of the disease diabetes mellitus, it's symptoms, treatment and the problems that the disease can possibly cause.
4,004 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses diabetes mellitus, an extremely common disease which becomes more prevalent every day in industrialized countries. According to the paper, diabetes is a multifactorial condition that can cause multiple problems with multiple physical systems, that include the cardiovascular, renal and visual systems. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the different types of diabetes, the causes of risk factors for each one, the symptoms of the disease and how the disease is diagnosed. The paper discusses the role of insulin within the treatment of diabetes and also ventures into some of the newer treatments for diabetes, which include new methods of insulin delivery, stem cell treatment and other promising discoveries.
Outline:
Introduction
Chapter 1 - Disease and Pathophysiology
Chapter 2 -Insulin Treatment
Chapter 3 - New Treatment Options
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The development of transgenic mice which express a protein called hepatocyte growth factor holds another possibility as a treatment for diabetes. By encouraging the growth of pancreatic islet cells, this may allow beta cell proliferation, an increase in the total mass of islet cells and ultimately an increase in the production of insulin. To date, the development of HGF has only worked in vitro, but the findings on the transgenic mice in vivo showed a significantly decreased blood glucose level, increased pancreatic insulin levels as compared to controls and an increase in the volume of islet cells.
Probably the most important treatment option on the horizon is the use of stem cells for the treatment of diabetes. Before the issue of stem cell use can be discussed, the pathophysiology of stem cells in the treatment of chronic diseases must be discussed. At its most basic level, a stem cell is defined in two ways. A stem cell can divide indefinitely, producing identical cellular offspring. And stems cells can, under the right physiological circumstances, undergo an asymmetrical division resulting in two dissimilar daughter cells. "
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Pathophysiology of Gout, 2008.
A review of the prevention, causes and treatment of gout.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper defines the term "gout" and states that accurate diagnosis and recognition of the various stages of gout is essential for effective management. The paper describes the physiological causes and varying methods of prevention and treatment.
Outline:
Introduction
Risk Factors Associated with Gout
Pathophysiology of Gout
Clinical Signs and Symptoms
Treatment for Gout
New Treatments for Gout
From the Paper
"Risk Factors Associated with Gout
Recent research has suggested that dietary factors may influence the onset of gout. Higher consumption of meat products and sea food are indicated in higher risk of incident of gout. In comparison, higher consumptions of purine-rich vegetables and total protein didn't increase risk of gout. Higher consumption of dairy has been shown to be protective against risk of gout (Choi et al., 2004a). Alcohol consumption is also associated with higher risk of gout, particularly beer and liquor (Choi et al., 2004b). The increased risk is due to the increase in serum urate levels which are observed in the consumption of all of these products. In comparison, the serum urate level is decreased from increased dairy consumption. The high purine content in beer accelerated ATP turnover and reduced renal clearance which is likely to be the mechanism behind the increased risk."
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The Pathophysiology of Edema, 2004.
This paper discusses the cause, symptoms, and treatment methods for two common types of edema: pulmonary edema and peripheral edema.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are two causes of edema: a change in the fluid exchange system of the body, and an increased level of sodium bought about by its retention by the kidney. The paper points out that, for treating swollen legs, it is best to begin with simple exercises and postures (leg raise); in most cases of non-systemic peripheral edema, these simple treatment methods will reverse the condition. The paper stresses that, unless it is an emergency, the use of diuretics should be minimized, as it may result in complications resulting from over-diuresis.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Edema in General
Pathophysiology of Edema
Pulmonary Edema
Treatment
Peripheral Edema
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Pulmonary edema also known as ?Lung water? or ?Pulmonary congestion? is a condition where fluid accumulates inside the lungs leading to respiratory difficulties. The chief cause for this problem is the decreased activity of the heart resulting in increased pressure on the pulmonary veins. As a result, fluid is forced into the alveoli and this directly interferes with the gaseous exchange mechanism leading to shortness of breath."
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Pathophysiology of Septic Shock, 2005.
This paper looks at the dangers of septic shock and discusses the seriousness of this problem within the hospital.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The following discussion evaluates septic shock and its influence on the destruction of cells, tissues, and organs. It is estimated that without proper and rapid treatment for septic shock, the illness may be fatal. The writer points out in this article that the role of the inflammatory response must be considered as a means of identifying the factors that lead to this circumstance.
From the Paper
"The illness known as septic shock is one of the most critical problems that patients face in hospitalized settings when their health is compromised by other conditions that they face. There has been a marked increase in the diagnosis of this problem, and the reasons for this increase include new medical procedures, an overall increase in the age of patients, and an increased number of accidents. It is evident that these concepts have played a significant role in the continued growth of septic shock in patients, and there has also been an emergence of organ and tissue damage as a key factor in the development of this illness. In a large majority of cases, septic shock is fatal for those that contract this illness, which places those with this diagnosis at a high risk of mortality."
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Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency Anemia, 2005.
An overview of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), its symptoms, causes and treatment.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, dietary recommendations, and a nursing plan for patients with IDA. It also looks at how iron is absorbed by cells of the small intestine and how it is transported through the body to erythropoietic cells.
From the Paper
"There are several different classifications of anemia depending on the underlying pathophysiology. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia encountered both in underdeveloped and in developed countries and is due to a decrease in the number of red cells because of a lack of sufficient iron. Iron is an essential component in the production of hemoglobin the oxygen-carrying pigment in erythrocytes and is normally obtained in the diet."
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Schizophrenia, 2003.
A general overview of the disease schizophrenia.
1,839 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
Schizophrenia is the term used to define a complex and extremely confusing condition, usually when someone has a brain disorder that interferes with the person's ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions and relate to others. This paper presents an overview of the historical, social, environmental, genetic and biological aspects of schizophrenia.
Outline
Introduction
History of Schizophrenia
Types of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia as an Illness of the Brain
Genetic Theories of Schizophrenia
Socioeconomic Factors in the Development of Schizophrenia
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Gross (2001) identifies four different types of schizophrenia, 'simple' this often can appear in late adolescence, and the main symptoms can be idleness, social withdrawal, loss of drive and decline in academic or occupational performance. People with this are more likely to become tramps or layabouts, but there are no major psychotic symptoms as there are in other forms of schizophrenia. 'Hebephrenic' this is diagnosed in mainly adolescents and young adults, and probably the nearest thing to what people perceive a mad a person to be like. People who suffer from this can have many delusions and hallucinations and can behave irresponsibly, inappropriately and can be violent at times."
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Schizophrenia, 2007.
An examination of the incidence of schizophrenia.
3,552 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that affects over 1% of the population, for which there is no cure. The paper discusses the symptoms, causes and type of persons that may be affected, as well as the treatment.
Outline:
The Disorder
Positive Symptoms
Negative Symptom
Who Does Schizophrenia Affect and When
What Causes Schizophrenia
Treatment
The Public Face of Schizophrenia
Living With Schizophrenia
In Summary
From the Paper
"Delusions, according to Random House Dictionary, are fixed false beliefs that are resistant to reason or confrontation with actual fact. Those suffering from delusions may think that the local radio station is extracting information from their head, or that the post office has a magnetic wave generator that control's their actions. People with schizophrenia may also suffer from delusions of grandeur and delusions of persecution. When someone believes that they are a major historical figure, such as Napoleon Bonaparte, this is considered a delusion of grandeur. Delusions of persecution occur when someone with schizophrenia believes that he or she is being intentionally spied upon, plotted against, cheated, and generally mistreated."
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Schizophrenia, 2004.
This paper discusses schizophrenia, a debilitating but treatable brain disease. It also discusses how the American culture views persons suffering from schizophrenia negatively.
2,270 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that schizophrenia is a disease, and social workers should advocate for their schizophrenic patients with the same vigor that they would for any other patient. The author points out that recovery is contingent upon access to treatment, proper diagnosis, interventions, access to medications, support systems, and the way an individual?s culture responds to its citizens suffering from mental illness. The paper reports that schizophrenics experience barriers to employment opportunities and housing and are vulnerable to a variety of crimes and deceptions.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Ideology and Genetic Disposition
Environmental and Cultural Factors
Treatment
Social Worker?s Role
From the Paper
"The Mayo Clinic (2004) reports that schizophrenia is an ?illness that affects approximately one percent of the population worldwide. It most commonly appears between the ages of thirteen and twenty-five, and often earlier in males than in females. In men, schizophrenia typically emerges in the teens or twenties. In women, the onset typically is in the twenties or early thirties.? Schizophrenia is a very cruel condition that lasts for at least six months and includes at least one month of active-phase symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2000) defines the characteristic symptoms that need to be met in which two or more of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a one-month period."
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Schizophrenia, 2008.
This paper explores the illness of schizophrenia and its treatments.
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the mental illness of schizophrenia. The paper discusses the three phases of schizophrenia in adults, the symptoms, schizophrenia in children and the causes of this severe illness. The paper also looks at the diagnosis and current treatment methods for schizophrenia, which include psychosocial treatment, rehabilitation, cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and individual psychotherapy. The paper particularly focuses on the contributions of Harry Stack Sullivan who was one of the earliest contributors to the psychotherapy of schizophrenia. The paper discusses how Sullivan argued that such individuals were not incurable, and that cultural forces were largely responsible for their condition. The paper concludes with an account of a patient who transcribed his feelings about his illness that he later discovered was schizophrenia.
From the Paper
"Schizophrenia is a chronic and disabling brain disease which is found all over the world. It is a serious psychiatric illness that causes strange feelings and unusual behavior. The term schizophrenia comes from two Greek words that mean "split mind." It was observed around 1908, by a Swiss doctor named Eugen Bleuler, to describe the splitting apart of mental functions that he regarded as the central characteristic of schizophrenia. Although this illness affects men and women with equal frequency, the disorder often appears earlier in men, usually in the late teens or early twenties, in comparison to women, who are affected in the twenties to early thirties."
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