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Passage Commentary on the Death of Artemio Cruz, 2001.
1,012 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This essay deals with two passages from Carlos Fuentes? novel, The Death of Artemio Cruz. This is a passage commentary on both. The passages were a recollection of a sexual event, from Artemio Cruz?s past, dated December 4, 1913. The passages dealt with perception, Cruz?s personal yearn for total control. The aspect of male dominance was also present in this passage.
From the Paper
"The actual case of this passage was much more grotesque. It was a soldier raping a town?s woman, and afterwards, she would get hanged. This was a beautiful lie that Artemio Cruz had created. It was his male egoistic fantasy: a woman who did as he wished, to sleep with if and when he wanted and to be followed, and to be cooked for. Cruz and Fuentes, with their description of the past event, were able to create a romantic moment out of a rape scene. This was akin to the details that Cruz had remembered so thoroughly, as he blended unpleasant images that had pleasant meanings and vice versa."
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Carlos Fuentes's "The Death of Artemio Cruz",, 1990.
This paper examines Carlos Fuentes's "The Death of Artemio Cruz", showing how the protagonist Artemio's character personifies the betrayal of the ideals of the Mexican Revolution.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine Carlos Fuentes's "The Death of Artemio Cruz", with a view toward showing how Artemio's character personifies the ultimate betrayal of the ideals of the Mexican Revolution. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which Artemio's character develops, and then to show how Fuentes uses him as an analogue for the success of the goals of the revolution on one hand, and for the failure of the ideals of the revolution on the other.
Artemio is an emblem of the successful revolutionary who has co-opted the goals of the revolution to achieve economic gain and a more generalized personal power. To put it another way, one set of oligarchs (disguised as petty bourgeois) has supplanted the other, and by the time the new oligarchy has been established, one can hardly tell the new regime from the old one, ... "
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"Kim" and "A Passage to India", 2004.
Compares the book, "Kim", by Rudyard Kipling, to E.M. Forster's "A Passage to India".
2,327 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Forster?s "A Passage to India" and Kipling?s "Kim" have often been viewed as literary works that are in opposition to each other, since the former has been construed as a critique of British imperialism in India, whereas the latter has been seen as pro-imperialism. Indeed, this scholarly opinion seems to dominate critical analysis of British colonial literature on India, leading to a wide body of work that highlights the striking contrast between Forster?s and Kipling?s portrayal of the British Raj in India. One outcome of this scholarly tradition is that very little attempt has been made to analyze the similarities, if any, between the two works. As a result, there is one very marked commonality between the two works that has tended to be overlooked, which is the theme of social identity. Therefore, this paper highlights and discusses the fact that both "A Passage to India" and "Kim" serve as a commentary on the importance of the role played by social and cultural identity in creating and perpetuating the divide between nations and races.
From the Paper
"Kipling, in fact, achieves his purpose through positing the premise that the only way to bridge the divide between nations and races is through the intermingling of social and cultural values. Whereas, as evidenced by the earlier discussion, Forster?s approach was to highlight the social and cultural differences that prevented the formation of friendships between the British and the Indians. Of course, several critics have interpreted Kipling?s Kim as a novel that demonstrates the importance of knowing India and its customs in order to rule it (Hubel, p. 87), thereby further supporting the view of Kipling as a pro-imperialism author. The fact, however, remains that there is enough scope to equally interpret Kim as a story that shows the path to becoming a ?friend of all the world.?"
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African Rites of Passage, 2002.
The history and origins of rites of passage.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper describes various African rites of passage. Topics covered include history and origin of these rites. In addition, the paper provides descriptions of modern day examples of African-American rites of passage organizations in the United States.
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"Passage to India", 2007.
An analysis of Walt Whitman's references to technology and the soul in "Passage to India."
1,394 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Walt Whitman's "Passage to India." It particularly considers his references to technology and the soul. The paper suggests that "Passage to India" seems to be calling out to the common man, encouraging him to embrace the modern world, but to remember the capabilities of the poetic soul. The paper discusses how Whitman presents these themes.
From the Paper
"Ultimately, Whitman clearly states that the soul will not suffer from man's intellectual restlessness. Instead it will soar to new heights on the rising tide of technology, and use these advances to reach even further than it ever has before. But even so, the reach of poetry and the soul is far beyond anything that man can make or design since it has the capability to reach into the ancient past as well as into the future. Even if time machines were finally invented, they would still not compare to the ability of the soul to understand its own existence, and to make connections with the past and with other souls. The poet's ability to connect with God and to explore all the recesses of man's existence is where the soul's true potential lay, not with the advance of machinery and technology. Though Whitman does accept and appreciate technology "I welcome, and fully, the same as the rest;/ You too with joy I sing" (28-29), he feels that the soul is the real past, present, and future of mankind."
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"A Passage to India" and "Season of Migration to the North", 2006.
A philosophical look at E.M. Forster's " Passage to India and Tayeb Salih's, " Season of Migration to the North".
8,063 words (approx. 32.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 173.95
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Abstract
In this comparative study of E.M. Forster's "Passage to India" and Tayeb Salih's "Season of Migration to the North" the author looks at the similarities in both books that give unmediated experience as a partial solution to the political conflicts of the colonial and post-colonial eras. He looks at how both books present experiences freed from the constraints of place, time, circumstance and individual motivation. He sees this by placing their characters (briefly) outside of representation, through mystical transcendence. The author then proceeds in detail to examine the messages he believes both books are trying to give and relates each of these messages to the characters and locations of the book. For example, in "Passage to India" he spends some time looking at the towns mentioned and the Hindu religion practiced and how it affects the community and characters in the book. The author examines every chapter of each book and uses other texts to explain and justify his belief that there is transcendence and empathy in both books.
From the Paper
"The refusal here to allow the imagination to go beyond its usual restraints is an important British problem in the novel. While dissatisfied with the quotidian structures of belief and reason they have practised throughout their lives, they are still limited by them in their attempt to go beyond them. There is a great fear of the unknown, and the infinite - which is in principle unknowable - is the most fearful thing of all to minds that need strict systems upon which to base their processes of meaning generation. The English rely on their reason and familiar systems of thought to make sense of the world. Their problem, I posit, is one of scope, as Hans Gadamer states in Truth and Method: "A person who has no horizon does not see far enough and hence overvalues what is nearest him" (302). When posed with notions that precede and transcend their own systems, the English are left reeling, and retreat when possible to the safety of their own worlds."
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A Passage to India, 2006.
A review of the novel "A Passage to India" by E. M. Forester.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the E.M. Forester novel "A Passage to India," paying particular attention to the rich Orientalism in the work. The paper begins with a detailed plot synopsis, and then examines the novel's various conflicts -- such as the tension between Indians and Anglos. The main themes the paper examines are the fear of differences and the search for happiness, peace and love. The paper relates frequently to the text, using quoted passages to underscore its points.
From the Paper
"Living in a state of oppression - being considered the subordinate race - has an effect on Aziz' interactions with everyone. He laces his words with sarcasm, chooses them carefully and immediately analyzes them. But the curious part is that the British characters like Miss Quested, Mrs. Moore, Cyril Fielding and others, do the same thing - desiring to treat Indians fairly one minute, then revealing (through thoughts, words or deeds) their elitism and condescension the next.
As for Miss Quested, she accepted everything Aziz said as true verbally. In her ignorance, she regarded him as "India," and never surmised that his outlook was limited and his method inaccurate, and that no one is India."
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"A Passage to India", 2004.
Compares the book, "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forster, and the movie version, directed by David Lean.
776 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
"A Passage to India"by E.M. Forster and the movie based on it, written and directed by David Lean, share themes and plot elements, but are vastly different. This paper explains that the sixty years between the two show a different emphasis on the colonial experience of the British in India and the relationships of the peoples from both societies. Forster was concerned with the political realities of the colonial Raj in India, and Lean was more interested in the personal relationships of the characters only.
From the Paper
"Lean's version did make fun of the stuffy, arrogant English colonialists, but he softened Forster's political and psychological criticism, thereby throwing away almost all of the novel's philosophical complexity (Crowdus). Indeed, Lean's movie version was primarily spectacle. Shot on location, it was more concerned with pomp and the trappings of the immorality of colonialism and imperial pretensions than it did with the underlying political and human dilemmas (Young). He changed the focus from a political story to one of personalities."
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"A Passage to India", 2006.
A review of the book, "A Passage to India" by E.M. Foster.
2,344 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at E.M. Foster's book, "A Passage to India". According to the paper, the British occupation of India was the showcase of modern imperialism and the conflicts that result when two such cultures clash. The paper further discusses how this book provides the reader with a holistic picture of how Muslims and Indians lived under British rule.
From the Paper
"The loyalist mentality was especially strong in the historical context of British rule among Muslims and Indians. Throughout the early 20th century, the Indian empire was primarily ruled by a small class of British citizens and the majority was Indian governors. However, these Indian magistrates went through the British school system, many of them raised in primarily British areas or in England itself. As a result, the subjugation of the population occurred not through the dichotomy of British vs. Indians, but an internal struggle. In analyzing the British strategy for colonialism, this is one of the principle devices used to stave off revolution and rebellion. Precisely because the front of governance rests within the native population, internal conflict rather than external conflict is the focus within India in the early 20th century. The conflict between loyalists and revolutionists ensured that the country as a whole was split as to which path to pursue. The inevitable result is inaction. "
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'Middle Passage' and 'The Second Sex', 2006.
An analysis of Charles Johnson's novel 'Middle Passage' in terms of Simone de Beauvoir's conception of 'otherness' in her novel 'The Second Sex'.
1,042 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the novel 'Middle Passage' by Charles Johnson, using Simone de Beauvoir's book 'The Second Sex' as a basis of the analysis.
From the Paper
"Just as Simone de Beauvoir describes women as "the other" vis-a-vis men within The Second Sex, Charles Johnson's character Rutherford Calhoun in Middle Passage (1990) also arguably represents "the other", in much the same way: in fact vis-a-vis everyone onboard the Republic. First, for example, Rutherford Calhoun is "other" because he is a stowaway, e.g., Rutherford is not legitimately onboard. Meanwhile, since Falcon (much like Melville's Ahab) is a sadistic egomaniac, his crew (of which Rutherford is not a legitimate member) is on the verge of rebellion against Falcon's tyrannical authority. The slaves onboard (among whom Rutherford is also not a member, and therefore, "other" as well) themselves are also planning to rebel against Falcon, and to take over the ship. "
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Olaudah Equiano and the Middle Passage, 2002.
A biography of Oladuah Equiano and why his life and experiences are a good way to relate to the middle passage and slavery.
2,640 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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This paper gives a complete biography of Equiano and his journey to slavery. The paper explains in great detail who he was captured, the methods used, his shipment to the West, the manner in which he was bought, sold and abused. This bio then relates to the Middle Passage and why it is an important account in studying comparative slavery.
From the Paper
"Olaudah Equiano was born in 1745 in the village of Essaka, which today is known as Isseke, Nigeria. He lived in this farming village until 1756 when he was kidnapped by the Aro people who sold him to various masters within Africa. Equiano was slowly moved through Africa until he reached its? coast later that year to board a slave ship headed to the Americas. Upon boarding the American slave ship, Equiano first experiences the cruelty of the slave world while traveling the Middle Passage. Equiano recalls that slavery was a part of the Ibo world. However, unlike the European exploitation of Africans, African slaves were acquired as prisoners or perpetrators of heinous crimes. Equiano?s enslavement did not follow these unwritten rules. He nevertheless recalls his African masters as like second families to him. Many spoke the same language and had similar customs. As he was passed from master to master, gradually differences in language and culture began to impress upon him."
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Muhammad: Cosmology and Rites of Passage Models, 2004.
An examination of how the life story of Muhammad fits into the cosmological and rites-of-passage models.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the life story of Muhammad according to the rites-of-passage model of Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner, the relationship between the life story of Muhammad, and some of the key principles of Islamic cosmology and the ways in which Muhammad?s life story might be linked to the cosmological traditions of the religions out of which Islam emerged.
From the Paper
"The rites-of-passage model, explained by Victor Turner, ?indicate and constitute transitions between states? of ?relatively fixed or stable conditions.? This model contains three phases, pre-liminal, liminal, and post-liminal characterized by certain transitional traits: during the pre-liminal phase the individual or group ?comprises symbolic behavior signifying detachment from an earlier fixed point in the social structure or a set of cultural conditions;? during the liminal phase ?the state of the ritual subject is ambiguous; he passes through a realm that has few or none of the attributes of the past or coming state;? and during the post-liminal ?the passage is consummated.? "
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E. M. Forster's "Passage to India", 2008.
Discusses the colonial strife in India as presented in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India".
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that situations of racial and ethnic strife occurred long before the British colonization of India; however, the British presence created a worsened landscape. The paper relates that this stark realization of racism is played out in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India", especially within the symbolism of the Marabar Caves, which is the orient to the usurpers. The author points out that the trial of protagonist Aziz is an example of how such mystery feeds the minds of a fearful population, both native and white.
From the Paper
"The foundations of the strife between the characters and the community in stark realization, during the only time in the novel when the "truth" is allowed to be heard is still evident, as many probably walked away from the incident and the trial with a clear sense of the mystery that surrounds the caves. No one is allowed to discover the whole truth, as to whom if anyone really attacked the white woman, or if it was simply the fear of the surroundings that rebuffed the young girl."
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The Middle Passage and African Identity, 2004.
An analysis of the Middle Passage and African identity through "Equiano's Travels" and Dr Livingstone's "Cambridge Lectures".
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Middle Passage was the barbarous and inhumane journey where slaves were transported from West-Africa to the Americas as 'black cattle'. It looks at how it was the beginning of the disintegration of African society, how Africans from all different cultures were literally thrown and shackled together on a ship and how by doing so, the slavers stripped the slaves of their sense of self and individuality.
From the Paper
"'Equiano's Travels' is the self-portrayal of an African slave. In 'Equiano's Travels' we are introduced to Equiano as a happy 11-year old who lives the carefree life every child should live. To me it seems of consequence that we meet Equiano happy-go-lucky, as it enables me to identify with him. He once upon a time was a well-fed, happy child who played with siblings and friends, and had a caring family. But then Equiano is kidnapped and sold to slavers. Gradually his whole life disintegrates: he gets separated from his sister, he moves from slaver to slaver. The open fields from the beginning of the narrative are now replaced by dark woods, in which he may get lost. Each time he finds some happiness, it results in misery far worse than before. At most times Equiano is overwhelmed by 'anguish' [page 175], 'horror' [page 175], 'fear' [page 174]. Throughout his journey, Equiano dreams of escaping and finding freedom. But as the narrative moves on he gets to realise that there is no freedom for him."
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"A Passage to India", 2002.
Examines the contrast between Indian and British thought in E.M. Forester's "A Passage to India".
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper shall explore the novel "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forester. An emphasis shall be given to the significance of the Marabar Caves and the inability of British people to comprehend the significance of Indian thought.
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