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Palliative Care, 2006.
A discussion regarding palliative care.
1,528 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at palliative care, the union of medical, spiritual, and cultural considerations into a holistic, compassionate approach geared toward reducing the severity of symptoms. According to the paper, palliative care focuses on comfort and pain management rather than on curative measures and emphasizes care for terminal patients and their families. The paper reviews the video 'On Our Own Term: Moyer on Dying', part of a series called "A Different Kind of Care".
Outline:
On Our Own Terms
Hospice and Palliative Care
Spirituality, an Aspect of Palliative Care
Reflection
From the Paper
"In most cases, death brings the terminally-ill patient toward spirituality; indeed, this is the essence of existence for the majority of people. Whether or not we have strayed from our religious backgrounds, most people when close to death seek to understand the big questions of life. As a nursing student from a Catholic university, I have studied a curriculum that encompasses many aspects of life, including spirituality. However, most student nurses at the developmental age of college students focus on careers and relationships which can distance them from spirituality, probably the most important issue for a terminally-ill patient. How can we, as nursing students, discuss spirituality with patients at the end of life when some of us are either too young for spiritual awareness or too old and cynical? More importantly, how can we use spirituality in our nursing practice if our training has concentrated on oxygenation, safety, nutrition, and other health issues?"
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Palliative Care, 2006.
A discussion regarding palliative care in patients with life limiting health conditions.
2,073 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses palliative care, focusing on the ethical and practical considerations that must be taken into account. The paper also explores the ways in which individuals living with life limiting conditions, receive and experience palliative care services.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Background of Problem
Literature Review
Medicare Hospice Benefit
Barriers Associated With Receiving Palliative Care
From the Paper
"According to Foley (2005) the terms palliative care and hospice care are often used interchangeably. In the United States palliative care was once known only as hospice care and it started at the grassroots level to enhance the quality of care for patients that were dying in their homes. Today hospices are often referred to as palliative care and it is a fully funded entitlement program that provides care for half of the people in America that die of cancer and 30% of those that die of a myriad of other chronic diseases (Foley, 2005). The new palliative care movement has been created in an effort to improve the care of those that are dying of a terminal illness. The philosophy of this new palliative care movement aims to improve the quality of life for the terminally ill and their families (Foley, 2005). "
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Palliative Care, 2006.
A discussion regarding the goals of palliative care, while addressing various related issues.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses palliative care, care that involves an active approach related to comfort and support for patients who are either living with or dying of a life threatening condition. The paper further discusses how according to the World Health Organization, palliative care enhances quality of life through prevention and relief of suffering while employing a holistic approach so that physical psychosocial and spiritual issues are addressed. This paper then elucidates the goals of palliative care in terms of a particular patient and addresses the issues of spirituality, coping and the role of the nurse.
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Palliative Care, 2006.
A paper discussing the effectiveness of spirituality for palliative care patients.
1,677 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to affirm the hypothesis that spirituality plays a major role in contemporary palliative care. The paper attempts to affirm the hypothesis via a topical survey of recent nursing, medical and sociology journals. A conclusion is reached which suggests that spirituality is a valuable part of palliative care.
From the Paper
"When speaking of the end of life, quantitative research is relatively easy to obtain. It is easy to find out how many people die, when, and from what causes. What is less accessible, however, is information regarding the nature of that death, whether it was a so-called 'good death,' or not. Recently, there has been increasing interest, according to Christina M. Puchalski, MD, an associate at the Center to Improve Care of the Dying, "in the spiritual aspects of palliative care" Puchalski designed a course in spirituality in end-of-life care in 1992, amid predictions by her superiors that it would not attracted students or attention."
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Palliative Care in a Hospital Setting, 2005.
An analysis of the financial and patient rewards of palliative care in a hospital setting.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 12 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with a presentation of the benefits to the hospital and the patient in the development of a palliative care program within a hospital setting. The implications for nursing and nursing leadership are primary focuses. This paper is presented as the beginnings of a research project, inclusive of survey and interview questions attached in the appendix.
From the Paper
""Establishing a palliative care service can improve patient care and ease family concerns for patients who are hopelessly ill. For the hospital such services can improve utilization outcomes" (Meier, 2001). In hospitals that offer palliative care programs, emphasizing dignity and comfort over disease emphasis and medical treatment (Burton, 1998) substantial improvements in symptoms of pain, nausea, digestive upset, diarrhea, constipation and shortness of breath were demonstrated, as well as increased ratings of level of medical and supportive services (Meier, 2001). The World Health Organization defines palliative care as "the active, total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment" (World Health Organization, 1990 as cited in Chrystal-Frances, 2003)."
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Palliative Care, 2006.
A discussion on ethical standards and issues for counselors in palliative (end-of-life) care situations.
2,215 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
A counselor should always use skills of emotional assessment, active listening and goal setting with clients. Counselors working with the terminally ill must use additional skills of deep exploration of value clarification, be capable of employing crisis intervention techniques, be competent to advocate when necessary and provide bereavement counseling. The purpose of this paper is to make counselors more aware of end-of-life issues client's may face and how the counseling code of ethics should guide the counselor when assisting terminally ill clients. It also looks at issues within the code of ethics that are lacking, client rights and debatable end-of-life ethical and legal issues.
Table of Contents
Code of Ethics
Client/Patient Rights
Touchy Ethical/Legal Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The ACA "Code of Ethic"s with the terminally ill should involve some mention of religion/spirituality assessment as a core component of practice with this population. Chandler, Holden, and Kolander (1992) reported that understanding spiritual development is a complex issue and requires a lot of assessment time to get to the root of a client's issues. "All this time there is no known objective measure of spiritual development" (p. 171). In their article, they declared that spiritual preoccupation, spiritual wellness, and repression of the sublime all need to be assessed in order to show one's true root of spiritual development."
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Palliative Care for the Elderly, 2008.
A look at caring for the geriatric patient with particular chronic disorders.
1,317 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at cancer and pain treatment, congestive heart failure, stroke treatment and the need for palliative care. The paper discusses how geriatric nursing care requires more than ensuring the patient is kept comfortable. The paper also reveals that there are are significant differences in the morbidity, mortality and quality of life for patients suffering from the most common afflictions of the elderly, when proper staff attention is paid to both the symptoms and the treatments for these diseases.
From the Paper
"The geriatric patient with cancer can be divided into two types: those who are suffering long-term, chronic cancers, such as prostate, liver and benign tumors. The other class is those who are at end-stage disease. Since many patients suffer from chronic cancers which can allow survival for a number of years, the healthcare professional must deal with both the symptoms of the disease, and be concerned about indications that need to be treated medically (Sarwal, 2003)."
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Caring for the Elderly, 2008.
This paper identifies the issues in palliative care for geriatric patients.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces the topic of palliative care for geriatric patients by explaining that the purpose of bringing attention to common problems in elderly patients is to avoid or alleviate some of the difficulties encountered prior to the final transition from life. The paper looks at elderly patients' propensity for being undiagnosed, misdiagnosed or under-treated in the areas of pain, confusion, satiety and anorexia, and gastrointestinal distress. The paper addresses the psychosocial issues of fears and depression and notes the importance of support systems to ease transition from life to death.
Outline:
Introduction
Altered Presentation of Health Problems
Psychosocial Issues
From the Paper
"The geriatric population is gradually becoming the largest single demographic group worldwide. Ironically, efforts to address their special health care needs, especially with regard to palliative care, continues to progress at a slow pace to such a point that the present crop of health care professionals will be unable to adapt quickly enough to meet geriatrics' specialized needs (Besdine, Boult, Brangman, Coleman, Fried, Gerety et al, 2005; Swiss Academy of Medicine, 2004). The National Institute of Health (NIH, 2004) has reiterated this and the assessment that end-of-life care is particularly incoherent regarding its development and establishment as a science and have yet to develop consistent use of validated measures and explore further new interventions. The primary objective of this acute care nurse practitioner content development manuscript is to concisely consolidate salient features and issues regarding common clinical presentations of geriatric patients for use in a clinical setting. While this may drastically contrast from the approaches to palliative care, it is the contention of this paper that, through bringing attention these common manifestations in elderly patients, some of the difficulties encountered prior to the final transition from life can be avoided or at least alleviated."
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Palliative Care, 2005.
A look at what medicine can do to help manage vomiting and nausea in cancer patients.
2,073 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains why cancer patients often suffer from vomiting and nausea and what treatments are available to help them. The paper describes the different forms of vomiting cancer patients may experience, provides a physiological explanation for the vomiting and nausea, and discusses both traditional and alternative treatments for the problem.
From the Paper
"While there are obviously quality of life issues involved in managing nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer, there are valid medical reasons for using the most effective possible palliatives for any patient. "Nausea and vomiting can result in serious metabolic derangements, nutritional depletion and anorexia, deterioration of patients' physical and mental status, esophageal tears, fractures, wound dehiscence, withdrawal from potentially useful and curative antineoplastic treatment, and degeneration of self-care and functional ability" (Cancer.gov Web site, 2004, unpaged). More importantly, however, is that to cancer patients, nausea and vomiting are some of the most feared side effects of treatment; the National Institutes of Health reports that their incidence "may be underestimated " by health care professionals."
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Hospice Care, 2007.
This paper discusses whether hospice care is the way to the future.
1,813 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper seeks to better understand what hospice care entails in Canada. It reviews some of the barriers faced by patients, families and palliative nurses with end of life issues. It discusses how quality of care at the end of life has many significant issues. The writer notes that countless citizens who could benefit from palliative care do not receive it or obtain it during the last few days or weeks of their illness. The author touches on strategies for overcoming the existing barriers in community based hospice care as well as how nurses can be leaders in ensuring that appropriate palliative care is received.
From the Paper
"Hospice care is not only for the patient; but for their family and friends as well. Emotional, spiritual, physical and social needs are addressed by the palliative team. Hospice provides tailored services in a caring community where patients and families attain the required groundwork for a death that is satisfactory to them. The nature of dying is one of a kind so that the goal of the hospice team is to be responsive and receptive to the special needs of each individual and family."
"Although hospice-palliative nurses bring expert knowledge and skills to the delivery of comprehensive and empathetic care to persons and families living with advanced illness, studies reveal that due to enormous barriers in end-of-life care in nursing homes and patients' residences, unnecessary suffering occurs at the bedside."
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End Of Life Care, 2002.
Examines the important need for nurses to be involved in caring for patients who are nearing the end of their life.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
Every person should have the right to die with dignity and as pain free as possible. Nurses confront end-of-life issues every day and understand the need for quality palliative care. The need for nurses to be leaders in palliative care is important for individuals, families, and communities.
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End of Life Care, 2002.
A discussion of the different care options available for a person with a terminal illness or the elderly.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
Every person should have the right to die with dignity and as pain free as possible. Nurses confront end-of-life issues every day and understand the need for quality palliative care. The need for nurses to be leaders in palliative care is important for individuals, families, and communities.
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End of Life Care, 2007.
This paper discusses end of life (EOL) care programs in the healthcare sector in the United States.
1,044 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper examines three programs that dominate EOL care in the current healthcare sector in the US. These include the inpatient/ICU or hospital-based palliative care program, nursing homes and hospice EOL programs. The paper analyzes their efficiencies, explains the advantages and disadvantages of ICU palliative care programs and finally posits that among the three, both hospice and nursing home programs are determined as better options than the ICU program. The paper explains that this is primarily because these two programs provide the care, efficiency and satisfaction that the elderly need as they go through the end of life phase in their lives.
From the Paper
"The argument for the ICU palliative programs is put forth by Imhof (2005), who recommended utilizing the ICU palliative programs provided in hospitals (hospital-based programs). EOL care services, as argued by the author, provide numerous benefits to the facility of the patient's care, that is, hospital-based programs "require limited organizational effort, pose minimal risk, and cause little disruption to the ongoing operations of the organization" (161). Apart from these advantages of the hospital's palliative programs, patients enjoy other services that come with the program, such as the provision of informational literature for the patient and his/her family, consultation services, palliative care rooms, and additional linkages with the community through collaboration with local hospice, home health agencies, and long-term care facilities and integration into the community (of the patient) (162)."
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Ending Care at the End of Life, 2004.
Examines options in and provisions for medical care of the terminally ill patient.
2,381 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
Everyone dies. Prior to that moment, there lies a need for comprehensive, compassionate care of the terminally ill patient. This paper examines three primary arenas for the provision of palliative care. Firstly, the paper examines the hospital setting with 24 hour staff, pharmacy and equipment, acute care and ready access to care. It then looks at nursing homes which provide similar benefits, but in a more comfortable, private surrounding. Finally, the paper looks at inpatient hospice programs which accommodate terminally ill patients in their own homes with the broadest spectrum of palliative care. Proper planning, through the establishment of advanced directives and communication between the patient, his or her family, and the attending physician, enables the implementation of the most desired and most appropriate level of care when needed.
From the Paper
"For those individuals whose life expectancy and acuity level make the hospital setting impractical, another option exists in the form of terminal care in the nursing home. Approximately 20 percent of Americans will die in skilled nursing facilities. (Keay & Schonwetter 2). Grouping terminal patients in such a manner provides a unique opportunity to address their needs. With a more comfortable, private space for the patient, a staff present at all times, and ready access to medicines, the nursing home seems primed to provide a measure of care that could match or even surpass the hospital environment."
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Palliation and the Elderly, 2005.
This paper discusses palliation as an approach to health care for the frail older person.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper is a discussion of palliative care in the elderly patient. The topics discussed include pain management, pain assessment and palliation, sensory loss/balance, and falls, poly-pharmacy and others. The writer points out that not every older patient is a good candidate for aggressive treatment, nor should every older patient be treated with the expectation of recovery. Further, the writer notes that at times there are issues that affect elderly patients who are frail, for whom palliative treatment is the only recourse.
From the Paper
"The issue of palliation in care of the older patient is an important one to consider. Not every older patient is a good candidate for aggressive treatment, nor should every older patient be treated with the expectation of recovery. Palliation, then, meets the needs of these patients. At times there are issues that affect elderly patients who are frail, for whom palliative treatment is the only recourse. Although much of the elderly population enjoys good health, many individuals in that population have such illnesses as cancer. Such patients will not benefit from more toxic forms of treatment, but may benefit from treatments that focus on quality of life. Ultimately, as stated in Jerrard, "the goal of palliative care is to honor the patients' wishes"."
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