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Fundamental Stock Analysis vs. Technical Stock Analysis, 1996.
Discusses the elements of two types of stock market analysis, where they are in conflict, & how they can be resolved into a single analytical method.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 14 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"The computerized financial data industry has become a $4 billion business since the first computers showed up on brokers' desks in the 1970s. Today, dozens of online services are available that can overload a hard disk with megabytes of data in a flash, but comprehension or understanding do not come with all that data. Burton G. Malkiel, in his A Random Walk Down Wall Street, explains:
A random walk is one in which future steps or directions cannot be predicted on the basis of past actions. When the term is applied to the stock market, it means that short-run changes in stock prices cannot be predicted. Investment ..."
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Stocks, 2007.
An analysis of stock dividends and stock splits and a comparison of the two.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses stocks. It defines stock dividends and gives an example of stock dividends in a fictitious company. It then discusses stock splits and gives an example of a situation involving stock splits. The paper then compares stock dividends to stock splits and it discusses how a company would decide whether it wants to use a stock dividend or a stock split.
From the Paper
"Stock dividends are normally paid in common shares, and are used instead of a cash dividend to pay the stockholders. Therefore, if the stockholder owned hundred shares of a company that had declared a 1 % stock dividend, then it would mean that the stockholder would receive one more share of stock from the newly formed reserves of the company. A company that wished to tighten its financial belt would choose the option of stock dividends instead of cash dividends, because of the simple fact that this would help to conserve cash, while at the same time allowing its shareholders to benefit from its share holdings and earnings. A stock split, which is nothing but an increase in the company's outstanding common stock, means that the company's market price per share would be adjusted. (Equities: stock splits and dividends)"
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Growth Stocks, 2007.
A comparison of growth stocks and dividend stocks and their growth.
1,292 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses growth stocks verses dividend stocks and looks at why the market trend is toward investing in dividend stocks. The paper also explains why there has recently been an increase in criticism of growth stocks. Additionally, the paper describes the logic behind the investment in growth stocks and their typical expected growth, as well as provides an explanation of dividend stocks.
From the Paper
"There is some argument made that the emphasis on growth stocks and growth investing strategies over the last 20 years has been due to the increased emphasis on speculative trading spearheaded by various hedge funds. Hedge funds and similar minded investors seek growth stocks that will increase in value rapidly over the short term with the expectation that they will dump the stock as soon as a cost justification is reached (Murphy). That said, none would argue that a renewed emphasis on dividend stocks would return some much needed stability to the stock markets and allow for wealth creation based on sound business strategies and long-term strategic decisions of the companies being invested in. There will always be companies in the markets that exhibit rapid earnings growth but the emphasis should be on stable expansion rather than on a universal drive to expand earnings across all public companies in order to please investors. This type of mindset is both self-defeating and unsustainable."
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Corporate Bonds and Preferred Stocks, 2006.
A thorough examination of corporate bonds, preferred stocks and common stocks and their advantages and disadvantages.
4,471 words (approx. 17.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at corporate bonds and preferred stocks, defining both types of investments, how they differ and their strengths and weaknesses. The paper examines and explains the many factors that must be considered before one can wisely make a decision regarding an investment in corporate bonds and preferred stocks, but suggests that both bonds and preferred stocks are considered relatively safe investments and provide slow, steady growth for investors. Next, the paper describes common stocks and how they work as an investment as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this type of investment. Finally, the paper takes a look at the accounts receivable and inventory aspects of financial management and explains their importance to both the management process and to investors.
Table of Contents
Common Stocks
Accounts Receivable and Inventory
From the Paper
"Preferred stocks, a class of a company's equity, are cheaper to buy and more liquid than corporate bonds. Companies issuing preferred stocks often yield 8 percent or more. Preferred stocks are closer in kin to bonds than to common stocks. They pay a fixed dividend, their price tends to stay near their par value and they usually have no voting rights. They are called preferred stocks because they stand in line ahead of common shares when it's time to pay out dividends or liquidate the company. However, preferred stockholders do not get their dividends until the bondholders have been paid. Because of this, preferred stocks are slightly more risky than bonds issued by the same company; the stockholder is paid a little extra for assuming that risk. Large corporations and banks encourage preferred stocks."
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Stocks, 2008.
A review of the stock market's stocks to watch in 2008.
799 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper states that investors are wary about investing in the stock market and relates that a diverse stock profile and range of economic investments is essential, no matter how well or how poorly the market is doing. The paper states that the prescription in creating a personal finance plan is affected by an investor's risk tolerance, age, and general financial and personal profile. The paper highlights four stocks for the man-in-the-street type investor, pursuing a wise, diversified, and long-term strategy, to watch.
Outline:
Stocks to Watch in 2008
Tata Motors (NYSE: TTM)
Symantec (NASDAQ: SYMC)
Compton Petroleum (NYSE: CMZ)
SYSCO (NYSE: SYY)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Yes, the name is funny. But this Indian company recently unveiled what may be the most exiting and important innovation in motor vehicles since hybrids. Tata has created a small, fuel-efficient $2,500 car that is the first car ever conceived that is likely to be affordable for the vast majority of the residents of the developing world. The populations of China and India are expanding exponentially, and have more disposable income, and wider distances to travel on their commutes. They wish to become car owners and car drivers, and Tata will satisfy this need without breaking their bank accounts."
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Investing in the Stock Market, 2001.
Examines two common investment vehicles and guidelines: Stocks and commodities. The Stock Market, Future Markets, Types of investors, Principles of trading, Risk factors. Table of Contents.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 7 sources, $ 87.95
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Abstract
Table of Contents
IntroductioN
Stocks
The Stock Market
Types of Investors
Futures Markets
Futures Markets and Risk Aversion
The Reliability of the Risk Aversion Model
Principles of Trading
Trade with the Trend
Cut Losses Short
Let Profits Run
Manage Risk
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
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Employee Stock Options, 2005.
A look at accounting treatment of employee stock options, the benefits and disadvantages of stock options and present legislation of employee stock options.
13,680 words (approx. 54.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the practice of issuing employee stock options as a benefit. The paper goes into detail about how a stock is exercised and what kind of tax benefits result. The paper also details past practices of accounting employee stock options and how these practices have worked. Also included in the paper, is information on present legislation and how that works or doesn't work to better the situation. Furthermore, the paper discusses the controversy brewing over such changes being made and explores the different viewpoints on the matter.
Introduction
Definition
Methods and Models
Controversy of Stock Options
Baseline: Americans with Stock Options
Recent Legislation
Economic Impact
High Tech Industry
The Cisco Company
Why Employees with Stock Options Should Worry About Valuation
From the Paper
"Within the last ten years a demand for changing how Employee Stock Options (also referred to as ESOs) are accounted for within an organization's financial sheets has been underway. Such a proposal for change has received much commentary from not only the financial community and corporate America but also key members of Congress, union leaders and the public. Such a response results from the uncertainty that such change will benefit businesses and economic growth in this country. It is feared that such change will have the opposite effect and cause America to lose its competitive edge in the global market. Still this has not stopped the fuel of the fire as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (also referred to as FASB) has struggled for an answer to such a dilemma."
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Stock Options, 2002.
A discussion of stock options and why employees continue to except them in lieu of higher pay.
3,030 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the current employment environment and the continue willingness of employees to take stock options in a currently depressed market. A stock option is a promise by the grantor to sell a share of stock at a pre-agreed price. It looks at how the technology sector had been at the forefront of the use of stock options as a means of employee compensation during most of the 90s and how, in the current market, there is still the hope that, sooner or later, the market will eventually rebound. It shows how, by accepting stock options as part of their compensation package, employees are gambling that they would eventually profit, hopefully handsomely, by being able to exercise their stock options sometime in the future.
Outline
Introduction
Stock Options ? An Overview
Why Companies Offer Stock Options
Why Take Stock Options Today?
From the Paper
"An accounting glitch makes offering stock options especially enticing for company accounts as well. As stated, stock options are benefits granted to company employees with the promise that they can buy a specific number of shares of stock after a certain period of time at a price specified at the time the options are issued. So, if the stock exceeds that price, which was often the case in the 90?s, the employee kept the difference, in other words, made a nice profit. The nice thing for the companies is that at the same time that the employees exercise their stock options, the company can take a tax deduction when the options have been exercised. This allows companies to reduce their taxable income considerably thus trimming corporate tax bills."
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Stock Options, 2004.
This paper discusses stock options, a contract offered by the employer that gives an employee the right to buy or sell a certain number of shares in the company at a specific price within a certain period of time.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that stock options have been hailed as a great way to share ownership, attract and retain employees in a tight labor market, and "fuel the entrepreneurial fire?; but, at the same time, they have been condemned as a major cause of the high-profile business scandals during 2000-01 and the subsequent down-turn in the U.S. stock markets.
The author points out that another attraction of stock options from the employees? point of view is that the only capital gains tax is applicable on gains made from stock options. The paper relates the future of stock options does not appear bright because of accounting changes requiring firms to reflect the cost of stock options in their earnings as expenses by 2005.
Table of Contents
What are Stock Options?
History of Stock Options
Advantages of Stock Options
Disadvantages
Future of Stock Options
From the Paper
"Stock options first began to appear in the US businesses in the 1950s, but at the time they were generally modest in size. The trend of offering stock options (particularly to the top managers) began to take off in the late 1980s and by the turn of the century the typical CEO of financial sector firm was receiving stock options worth $55 million a year?more than 30 times his salary. (Shapiro, 2002). The offer of stock options became more widespread and the NCEO estimated that as of 2001, up to 10 million employees were receiving stock options in the US."
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The Stock Market, 2002.
Questions whether there is any quantitative rationale for stocks that trade with such astronomical values on the stock market.
3,025 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 7 sources, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper will explore these questions by applying a time series and random walk analysis. In the final analysis, it will be clear that time series data has little if any ability to predict short term returns. Interestingly, the paper also finds that new economy stocks (such as Yahoo and AOL) clearly do not exhibit signs of a random walk, but older economy stocks like Coca Cola and Proctor and Gamble may. It is clear that the more companies are linked to the new, information based economy, the less their stocks exhibit sings of a random walk.
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Executive Compensation and Stock Performance, 2004.
Evaluation of the "Agency Theory" that led to expansion of stock options in executive remuneration packages.
5,024 words (approx. 20.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
This report evaluates whether or not the hypothesis at the heart of the "Agency Theory", which states that if an executive is given an ownership stake, it will have a positive effect on stock performance, works as expected. Furthermore, this paper tracks the increasing use of the "Agency Theory" in executive compensation and enumerates and evaluates the effects that the increasing use of the "Agency Theory" has had on American business and on stock performance. The paper also evaluates the effect of what has been described as ?over the top? use of increasingly generous, stock-dependent, executive compensation packages, both on stock performance and on other business evaluative factors. The effect of the scandals involving executive compensation/stock performance on the social/commercial fabric of the U.S. is discussed briefly, as well.
Outline
The "Agency Theory", Executive Compensation and Stock Performance
The Effect of Pay on Executive Motivation
The Effect of FASB Rules on Compensation/Stock Performance
From the Paper
"In the wake of the Enron, ImClone and WorldCom financial scandals, the increasing use of stock options as part of executive compensation packages came under public scrutiny. Because of the lax was in which FASB guidelines are written, it was possible, lacking adequate corporate governance, for CEOs to use their stock options to increase their personal wealth while diminishing the strength of the corporation and decreasing?or completely negating?benefits for shareholders. In addition to the problematical FASB rules, also operative was a management theory, the Agency Theory, formulated by academicians and economists in the last century. The theory held that giving executives a financial stake in the financial health of the company would increase their motivation to run those companies for maximum profits for shareholders; in short, this form of executive compensation was thought to be able to produce superior stock performance. The findings of several researchers even before the scandals of the past few years, however, revealed that results often departed wildly from what the theory predicted."
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Financial and Management Analysis of the Egyptian Stock Market, 2004.
Examines the development and performance of the Egyptian stock market, drawing comparisons with the operation of stock markets in First-World markets
15,643 words (approx. 62.6 pages), 36 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The thesis of this paper examines the present state of securities markets in Egypt in light of the country's needs for economic growth and analyzes their problems with the institutional measures currently existing. Following an introductory chapter on the importance of capital markets development for Egypt, especially with regard to the privatization policy currently adopted by the government, the thesis addresses the capital markets in Egypt under several points. It emphasizes the existing securities market and the securities stock exchange, with the available operations of the stock exchanges and the supply and demand of securities and the institutional investor interest in securities; determines the role of existing financial (non-banking) intermediaries as a source of capita for both the private and public sector that can be used to activate the capital market; discusses the role of the National Investment Bank (NIB) with its role as an intermediate chain between the various saving sources and the government commands, in addition to the rest of its roles; and analyzes the crucial role of the Capital Market Authority as the key organization and influence for capital markets development in Egypt. The paper also deals with the legal and tax framework, which serves as the background in which the capital market operates. Under this section, a study of the general laws that facilitate formations, operations, and issuance of securities by corporations is presented, as well as a study of the tax incentives and the financial accounting and auditing standards. In addition. the paper discusses the new capital market law.
From the Paper
"In studying the failure of the Egyptian Stock Market to live up to expectations or, at the minimum, stabilize and expand to emerge as a coherent and viable economic entity, one can identify a number of causal factors, ranging from a general lack of awareness of the potentials of the stock market as an investment arena, to government interferences. While each of the many causal factors plays a significant role in explaining the stated failure, all pale in comparison to the politico-legal factors underlying that failure. Briefly and simply stated, the Egyptian stock market is subject to seemingly arbitrary investment laws which encourage neither stabilization nor investments. Over and above, the laws are constantly changed, or undergoing endless reform processes which communicate to potential investors that the market has yet to develop a tight and stable framework as would motivate investment."
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U.S. Stock Portfolio, 2007.
This paper analyzes the active investment management of a U.S. stock portfolio.
4,133 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides an analysis of stock portfolio development. The writer offers examples of how to actively manage a U.S stock portfolio, what role allocation plays amongst different types of stocks in determining the returns, what role individual stock selection plays in determining returns and how to measure the performance of the manager. A discussion of the costs associated with such a strategy versus passive investment management is followed by a summary of the research and salient findings in the conclusion. The writer concludes that the research shows that the effective management of a given stock portfolio can be a daunting endeavor, but there are some alternatives available that can be used to help achieve the short and long-term goals of even the most ambitious investment plan, if certain strategies and techniques are consistently applied.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Large versus Small Capitalization
Measuring the Performance of the Stock Portfolio Manager
Active versus Passive Management
Conclusion
From the Paper
"These authors add that the rate of return from a portfolio consisting of small-capitalization companies was outstanding. For instance, $1 invested in a small-capitalization portfolio for the period 1963-84 increased to more than $115; during the same period, a stock portfolio comprised of companies with the largest average capitalization increased to just $6. Superior results were found to exist at each size gradation. In general, the smaller the firms in a portfolio, the better it performed. While the superior performance of the size effect is not guaranteed, it was present in 17 out of 22 years of studies; therefore, the size effect should be considered an important part of an overall investment strategy. These findings are supported by an analysis of the number of AMEX or NYSE listed firms in the bottom quintile of market capitalization and cutoff market capitalization value, as shown in Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 1 and 2 below."
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The U.S. Stock Market, 2006.
This paper discusses investing in the U.S. stock market, especially during times of war.
2,765 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the stock market growths and declines usually follow the business cycles, which also depends on the people's confidence level in the economy; however, cases of wars and of direct stock market manipulation, such as the Enron case, also can have an effect. The author points out that a shrewd investor can make money even when the market is falling because there are sectors that do very well when the market tends to go down. The paper states that the greatest requirement for winning in the stock market is patience and discipline, not acting on a whim but waiting for the correct trading time to come, which for most people requires the help of a professional.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Analysis
The Buyer is the Investor
The Position of the Market
Present Situation in the Stock Market
How to Win In the Stock Market
Conclusion
Graph 1 - Business Activity in United States since 1914
From the Paper
"At the time two years ago, the markets had peaked and then the slide started, from which the economy took a long time to come out of. This was due to the anticipation of the stock market about a bad situation in the economy and that led to a depressed market. According to the analyst, the market situation was improving and one could expect the situation to improve. At the same time, the decision to buy a particular stock does not depend on the general direction of the market. One has to decide what sector to buy, small stocks or large stocks, stocks or funds, etc. this analysis has to be carried out by the investors."
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Internet Stocks, 1999.
Analyzes macroeconomic indicators related to Internet firms going public, the impact of the Net on the stock market and true stock value.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
One of the fastest growing fields in the American economy, and the one in which there is an intense personal interest in joining upon graduation, is the field of helping Internet Companies go public. This is a field that is expected to grow to some $60 billion by the end of this century, a growth that is unheralded in business history.
From the Paper
"MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS
One of the fastest growing fields in the American economy, and the one in which there is an intense personal interest in joining upon graduation, is the field of helping Internet Companies go public. This is a field that is expected to grow to some $60 billion by the end of this century, a growth that is unheralded in business history. It is a field, however, that is changing so rapidly that it is often hard to determine which economic indicators reflect the actual trends of the field. For instance, there has seldom been an industry where companies that have yet to make a profit (and that even state they might not be profitable for five more years) can and do float sizable IPOs that sell for many times unrealized earnings. However, there are certain macroeconomic indicators that merit watching and they ..."
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