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The Old Testament, 1991.
This paper provides a condensed overview of the Biblical Old Testament, as outlined and explored in the book, "Old Testament Survey: The Message, Form, and Background of the Old Testament", by William Sanford LaSor, David Allan Hubbard, and Frederic Will
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to provide a condensed overview of the Biblical Old Testament, as outlined and explored in the book, Old Testament Survey: The Message, Form, and Background of the Old Testament, by William Sanford LaSor, David Allan Hubbard, and Frederic William Bush.
The first point that must be made here is that the point of view of the authors of this meaty volume is tinged heavily by their Christian evangelical attitudes. The authors consider the Old Testament to be not only a historical study of a time and place in history (the Middle East, during the two thousand years before Christ,) but also the precursor to the New Testament, in a purely religious sense.
Thus, the authors emphasize the importance of the old Testament as the foundation upon which Christianity is based, as ... "
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Women in the Old Testament, 2008.
This paper looks at the role of women in the Bible and compares Mary in the New Testament to Eve in the Old Testament.
967 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the women in the Old Testament are delegated to certain set roles, and those roles frequently center on sexuality. Given that sex was viewed as something sinful, it is not surprising that many of the women in the Old Testament, including Eve and Hannah, were cast in a negative light. The writer then points out that, as the natural result of sexuality was pregnancy and childbirth, which were both revered by Old Testament Jews, many Old Testament women were also revered in their roles as mothers. Both Eve and Hannah were celebrated mothers in the Old Testament. The writer notes that for Christians, the most important role that the women played was to contrast with the appearance of Mary in the New Testament, and one can see features of both the story of Eve and the story of Hannah in the later story of Mary.
From the Paper
"Therefore, Hannah offered to give her child to God. Moreover, not only did Hannah offer her child to God, but she delivered him to the service of the Temple as soon as he was weaned, so that he could devote himself to the Lord. Later, in the New Testament, a similarly devout woman, Mary, would be approached to give a child to God. Of course, the essential difference is that Mary did not pray to become pregnant; instead, she was chosen by the Lord to carry His son. However, both women offered up their sons to the service of the Lord and did so by their faith.
"Of course, that is not the only similarity between the two women. In fact, after discovering that she was going to carry the son of God, Mary called ... "
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Messiah in the Old Testament, 2007.
A discussion of the history and tradition of the Messiah as found in the Old Testament.
6,960 words (approx. 27.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 156.95
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Abstract
This paper, written from a religious Christian perspective, attempts to show that the New Testament writings can be seen as the direct fulfillment of Old Testament Messianic prophesy. The author acknowledges the many problematic issues that surround the theological relationship between the teachings of Christ in the New Testament and the Old Testament Messianic vision. This paper, however, focuses on what the author considers to be the many prophetic statements of the Old Testament regarding a Messiah. Several examples of these statements are given in the text, with most coming from the Book of Isaiah.
Outline:
Introduction
Old Testament Messianic Prophesies
Genesis and Early Prophetic Statement in the Old Testament
Lineage
Isaiah
The Son of God: Psalms and Proverbs
God Nature
Daniel
The fulfillment of Messianic Prophesies in the New Testament
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is also an important part of the discussion of this subject to be aware of the complexities and problematics of a direct and overly simplistic linkage between Old Testament prophetic statements about the Messiah and the image and message of Jesus Christ in the New Testament texts. As the above quotation indicates, the Old Testament Messianic vision is largely related to the future history of the Jewish people and has historic and political connotations. While these problematics are largely outside of the parameters of this study as such, yet it is also important to take note of the fact that important Old Testament prophets like Isaiah saw the Messiah in possibly a different light to the way that Jesus is portrayed in the New Testament. For example, a study of the prophecies of Isaiah by Patterson (1953) states the following. "
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"The Old Testament Documents", 2006.
Presents a book review of Walter Kaiser's "The Old Testament Documents: Are they Reliable and Relevant?".
1,397 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The Biblical scholar and theologian Walter Kaiser offers an alternative thesis to the 'documentary hypothesis' commonly held amongst secular Biblical scholars in his book, "The Old Testament Documents: Are they Reliable and Relevant?" The paper shows how Kaiser suggests not only that the Old Testament documents are relevant, but also the Old Testament stories are actual historical accounts of real events that occurred in Israel's past.
From the Paper
"The Old Testament books may be relevant spiritually for the moral truths that they suggest in a metaphorical way. But that does not mean they are reliable as historical, eyewitness testimony and relevance in modern terms of historical data. Kaiser does include some supporting archeological evidence for his anti-documentary thesis, such as the possibility that Sodom and Gomorrah were actual, leveled cities - but this does not mean that the ancient Hebrews did not engage in mythmaking and putting a particular spin upon these enemy cities destruction from their own historical and religious perspective."
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A Dictionary of the Old Testament, 2006.
A review and analysis of Desmond Alexander's and David Baker's book, "Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch".
934 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and reviews the book "Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch" by Desmond Alexander and David Baker. The paper explains that, although the title of the book would leave one questioning what light a dictionary could possibly shed on one's theological and philosophical understanding of the Old Testament, the book does, in fact, have a lot to offer its readers and contains a clear message and mission about the Old Testament.
From the Paper
"The section of the authors on the "Image of God" is perhaps the most powerful example of how a dictionary format can be instructive as a way of teaching an individual about the theological and historical nuances of the Bible. Rather than seeking the Image of God as a particular doctrine, expressed differently and piecemeal in a few texts, or pertaining only to the Genesis creation myth, the authors trace how humanity was made in the image of God, and yet connect this concept to the mention of God's image in other texts of the books of Moses, such as the condemnation of idolatry in the story of the Golden Calf and in the Ten Commandments. They stress how God's Image in the Pentateuch was also regarded as sacred thing, not a part of the idolatrous worship of the human-created image common to paganism."
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Rituals of War in The Old Testament, 2003.
Analysis of the war rituals of the battles fought in the Old Testament.
3,929 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
Rituals played a vital role in the wars of the Old Testament: divine consultation, preparatory rites, scare tactics, the herem and purification rites all characterized the Israelite battles. This paper gives a systematic overview of the rituals associated with ancient Israelite warfare in the Old Testament used before, during and after battle.
From the Paper
Consultation with God prior to battle was key in the pre-war rituals of the Old Testament. The Israelites would consult God to determine if they would be successful in their battle. Several methods and techniques were used to communicate with God, including simple consultations, omens/signs (sent from God), mediums, and the use of magical articles such as the ephod. An example of a simple consultation can be seen in 1 Samuel 23:2, where a report has reached David that the city of Keliah has been attacked by the Philistines. Not knowing what to do, David prays to God asking if he should go and rescue the city of Keliah. God answers, ?Go and attack the Philistines and save Keliah? (1 Samuel 23:2). This is the simplest form of consultation that is seen in the Israelite pre-war ritual tradition. Here, God?s word is given directly from God and not through any outside source requiring interpretation.
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The Nature of God in the Old Testament, 2007.
Examines how God appears to man in the Old Testament of the Bible.
2,755 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that the nature of God in the Old Testament is made up of His attributes, that make him at once personal and human-like, but also sets Him out as the transcendent, the absolute divinity, to which men should aspire for their own salvation. The paper shows that all these attributes are to be found in His names; God appearing thus as an abstraction, but also as something bearing a name, and therefore an identity. The paper quotes extensively from the Old Testament.
From the Paper
"It is significant also, as Dyrness observes, that after the creation of the Heaven and Earth, the seventh day, the day in which God rests, is devoted to God himself, which means it is marked by his holiness. So, in the process of creation itself, the worship of God, and of his holiness , has its appointed place: " And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, for that in it he had rested from all his work, which God created and made. "( Gen . 2:3 )."
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Old vs. New Testament, 2002.
Examines the differences which exist in the Old and New Testaments.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This research examines degrees of difference among selected biblical sources within the Old and New Testaments. It shows that what must be appreciated at the outset about all biblical sources is that their impetus plainly comes from a serious moral purpose. Whatever distinguishes them from one another, they all share one feature: a moral agenda that is meant to affect the manner in which people lead their lives. It explains that this moral purpose comes down to an articulation of the role of God in human life, or a sense of the finitude of human existence and an acknowledgment of a power that exerts moral force on and lends meaning to human experience. The various ways in which this articulation emerges in the books of the Bible constitute their differences.
From the Paper
"Beginning with the text of Genesis, degrees of textual difference can be discerned. Consider the fact that, as Gochberg notes (545), Genesis contains two separate creation stories. The first story deals with the day-by-day creation of the physical universe, culminating in the creation of male and female mankind, which would have dominion over the earth (Gen. 1:27). The second story collapses the creation of the physical universe into the image of Eden, to be inhabited by man, out of whose rib woman is created, along with the concept of the conjoining of man and woman as sentient beings capable of a degree of creation on their own (Gen 2.22-25). What these two creation stories share is the lending of moral weight to the principle of the Creation, or the persistent impulse toward life. The tree-of-knowledge fall sights the limits of that impulse because it introduces knowledge of evil and contingency into human experience, at the same time asserting the permanent significance of God in human consciousness."
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Old Testament, 2002.
An evangelical summary of the Old Testament.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
Thispaper summarizes the Old Testament, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and the doctrine if redemption.
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Old Testament Prophecy, 2004.
This paper looks at some of the main topics addressed in "Old Testament Prophecy: From Oracle to Canon" by Ronald E. Clements.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer reviews some of the main topics addressed in "Old Testament Prophecy: From Oracle to Canon" by Ronald E. Clements. The writer discusses the written preservation of prophecy leading to the apocalyptic and interpretive methodology.
From the Paper
"Ronald E. Clements' Old Testament Prophecy From Oracles to Canon is a collection of Clements' formerly published writings. The essays pertain to the study of the prophetic corpus of the Old Testament. The essays are arranged in the book in canonical order with Clements' providing insights on a variety of significant issues being debated among the community of theology scholars. Old Testament Prophecy is structured in seven parts including and introduction and the following parts devoted to the prophets and prophecies Prophet King and Messiah ... "
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King David of the Old Testament, 2005.
This paper is an extensive discussion of the history, symbolism and controversy surrounding King David of the Old Testament.
3,055 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that of all of the famous central characters of the Old Testament, King David is, without a doubt, both one of the most interesting as well as the most relevant with regard to the life of Jesus Christ. The author points out that King David is not free from controversy; many scholars have put forward theories concerning everything from his supposed homosexual tendencies to the possibility that he may not have existed at all. The paper relates that King David is chosen, not to reveal commandments concerning moral or right conduct as in Moses' case nor to "sacrifice" in order to prove his devotion and faith such as Abraham, but to be almost "installed" by God to fulfill the very temporal and practical purpose of ruling the nation of Israel, the chosen people of God, both, within his lifetime and as a function of his descendant, who will be the messiah.
From the Paper
"Although one might imagine that in the face of such goodness and upright behavior, David might regain his senses, perhaps dulled now by power and privilege, and show his repentance by following Uriah's example, he, instead continues in his sin--by now approaching murder for is own selfish gains. Here, after trying once again to sway Uriah by getting him drunk, he notes with dismay that Uriah, even in his drunken state, will not betray his principles, and again sleeps at the king's door. Thus, in frustration (and, perhaps envy), David writes a letter to Joab and sends it with Uriah, himself, ordering Joab to put him in the front lines of battle and thereafter abandon him, "...that he may be smitten (11:15).""
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Dissecting Women in the Old Testament, 2008.
A discussion of the roles prescribed to women in the Old Testament.
765 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the subordinate role of women in the Old Testament, noting that their main purpose in life was to become a mother. With this in mind, the writer describes the significance of the stories of two women, Sarah and Hannah, who were not able to conceive until God intervened, and explains how each in her own way took control of her destiny. The paper concludes by pointing out that in each case when a woman who was previously barren was granted the ability to have children by God, those children play a crucial role in the development of Israel.
From the Paper
"A recurring theme that is seen throughout the Old Testament is a woman that does not have the ability to have children. This was at a time when it was viewed as a disgrace for married women to have no children and women were usually desperate to be able to provide their husband with children. "In Israel the influence of a man was measured by the numbers in his family rather than by riches in cattle or land. Children are evidence of luck in life; a childless man has little value for his group, and in death he loses a mysterious good, assured him in the performance by his son of certain ancestral rites." (Second Samuel I8:I8) However, the dynamic changes when in several different stories God steps in and gives a previously barren woman the ability to have children."
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Women and Wisdom in the Old Testament, 2008.
A study of some cases in the Old Testament where women are associated with divine wisdom and understanding.
2,531 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the exact type of wisdom that was granted to certain women in the Bible, and how they achieved important things through their wisdom. The writer discusses how Michal, through her wisdom, saves the life of her husband David and how Israel is saved from the Moabites through the wisdom and actions of Deborah and Jael. The writer also relates that the two unnamed wise women in the second book of Samuel who persuade the leaders of enemy armies not to attack Israel by quoting old proverbs may point to the existence of an actual class of wise women in ancient Israelite society. Finally, the writer points out that the fact that wisdom is personified as a woman in the book of Proverbs throws some light on the other references to wisdom and women in the Old Testament, as it shows that women were associated with a high spiritual power, an attribute of God himself.
From the Paper
"Deborah acts here as a divine prophetess who is advised in her actions by God himself, and Jael as the instrument through which these actions are completed. The fact that they both are women is significant in more ways than one: first of all, this points to the complete triumph of the people of Israel, and implicitly of their God and religion over the Moabites and their gods. The morale of the narrative is obviously that the strength of Israel comes from their spirituality, and this is why they are apt to vanquish their enemies without using force or weapons. Women, who are not usually associated with physical strength or with warring skills act here as the perfect instrument for the delivery of Israel: they indicate the spiritual, religious force of Israel that makes it triumph over the other peoples of the Earth."
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The Old Testament: Who is Right?, 2007.
A discussion regarding various interpretations of the Old Testament.
6,380 words (approx. 25.5 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 148.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Christian church considers the Bible to be the word of God, and how when mere mortals attempt to interpret the word of God, they find that the task is more daunting than it first appears. According to the paper, this question of how to interpret the word of God is the key reason behind the major divisions of the Christian church. This paper takes an in-depth look at this issue and explores the differences in interpretation among those that live in multi religious environments and those that stem from exclusively Christian environments.
Contents:
Who Knows the Mind of God?
A Question of Authorship
Historical Perspectives on Interpretation
An Example of Duality
Differing Viewpoints
From the Paper
"The real question is how to interpret the Bible in today's society and if many of the concepts still hold true for modern man. Kenneth Thomas that explores this issue from the perspective of modern society in which we have access to more knowledge and different viewpoints than ever and manatees pass. Thomas explains that the viewpoint of the poor will be different than the viewpoint of the wealthy in their interpretation of the old testament. He explores the differences it interpretation among those that live in multi religious environments and those that stemmed from exclusively Christian environments. Interpretation of the Bible was the subject of the eighth assemble of the World Council of Churches' had been Harare, Zimbabwe. Various perspectives were presented from different nationalities and churches around the world. The purpose of the conference was to present very few points and insights, while still highlighting the importance of the authority of the Bible as the primary governing document before the modern church. The primary question highlighted this conference was whether the existence of various interpretations diminishes the authority of the Bible. This isn't one of the most important questions that must be asked when one's begins to consider the interpretation of the old testament and historical perspective."
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The Old Testament: Exodus, 2006.
This paper is a literature review seeking the answer to the question: Is the story of the Exodus in the Old Testament really true?
4,560 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 118.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the issues surrounding the Exodus is the debate as to whether it is a Late Bronze Age event, dating probably from 1560 to 1200 B.C. or during the late thirteenth to twelfth centuries BC, when the store city Ramesses was built; however, according to the Bible, there is no real Late Bronze Age evidence for the Sinai trek. The author points out that the Bible must not necessarily be treated as a history book; rather, the Exodus must be taken as an event that may or may not have happened, yet phenomenologically it is still full of meaning. The paper concludes that Exodus acts as the veritable creative agent of Israel's identity by inaugurating the religious, political and social identity of the people of Israel as being the ultimate reality, under the belief of one God
From the Paper
"In the book, 'Exodus, the True Story behind the Biblical Account', Ian Wilson talks about the walls of Jericho, and asks, "When did the Walls tumble Down?" What he is really asking is whether or not it is wise to expect the excavations in Israel to reveal clear evidence of an expedition that may have taken place in that area many years ago, and if one does, the author states, then he is bound to be disappointed. In the same manner, the Biblical Book of Joshua, even though it contains explicit details on the stratagems that were used by the rulers of that time, must not be used as an archaeological source, and doing this may equate it to an even greater mystery than the Exodus in itself. "
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