| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "OBNOXIOUS NEGATIVE PEACE SUBSTANTIVE POSITIVE": |
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Obnoxious Negative Peace or Substantive and Positive Peace, 2005.
A look at two different perspectives of peace as understood and expressed by Martin Luther King.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses obnoxious negative peace and substantive positive peace. These terms are found in a letter by Martin Luther King, Jr. expressing his opinion on direct action. Martin Luther King believed it was important to fight for substantive and positive peace for African Americans and it is important for Americans to continue to fight the battle for substantive and positive peace not only in America but throughout the world.
From the Paper
"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere" (King 1963). What does this quotation mean? What is the difference obnoxious negative peace and substantive and positive peace? Why are these important today? These were important terms for Martin Luther King and they are important terms today. Martin Luther King believed that whatever affects one person actually affects every one else (King 1963). Many people living during the lifetime of Martin Luther King was willing to close their eyes to the violence and terrorism happening to African Americans. They believed that African Americans were wrong in taking a stand toward wanting their independence. Martin Luther King believed it was important to fight for substantive and positive peace for African Americans and it is important for Americans to continue to fight the battle for substantive and positive peace not only in America but throughout the world."
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The Peace Paradigm, 2004.
A discussion of the peace paradigm and its approach to obtaining peace.
4,520 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 27 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the peace paradigm in terms of realism, power, conflict resolution, and social change. The paper explains the role of a paradigm, outlines the peace paradigm strategies used to obtain peace and presents a definition of power. Gives specific examples.
From the Paper
"One of the approaches to the peace paradigm is through the study of the role played in obtaining peace through the exercise of power and coercive tactics. According to Lynn-Jones realism is usually regarded as a dominant and somewhat monolithic approach in the study of international relations. Within the realist approach there are divisions between offensive and defensive realism. Offensive realists argue that the international system tends to foster conflict and aggression, that security is scarce and international competition and war..."
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Poetry of Peace and Pain, 2001.
A look at the writing of poetry as a way of turning pain into peace and hope.
700 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 24.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at people who have turned trauma and pain into a positive experience. It discusses the work of Mairead Corrigan Maguire who organised peaceful demonstrations in N.Ireland, wrote poetry that inspired millions and through her efforts to develop a "politics of mercy and forgiveness," won a Nobel Peace prize. The author goes on to discuss the wording of Martin Jordan?s poem ?The changes in our lives?.
From the paper:
" Everyone wants peace in his or her everyday live. Sometimes peace is hard to come by for some people. However, Some individuals react to their pain in a positive way. For example, Irish writers Mairead Maguire and Martin Jordan write poetry about peace due the tragedies for the world and in their lives. So, in Misread Maguire?s ?The Vision of Peace? and Martin Jordan?s ?the changes in our lives? the main goal is to remind everyone that there should be peace all over of the world despite all of the pain we encounter."
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Training for Peace Keeping, 2008.
A look at some of the training required to undertake peace and humanitarian operations.
3,695 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
Terrorism has become embedded in almost everyone's vocabulary, it is one of those terms, that not everyone knows what it means, but it seems to be surrounded with negative connotations. However, it is not surprising that terrorism is sometimes abetted with state sponsorship and is supported by many governments whether intrinsically or extrinsically. As such international peace-keeping efforts have to change focus and address these internal dynamics. This paper explores some of the necessary mandates that are needed by personnel dealing with these issues.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Basic Communication, Conflict Resolution, & Negotiation
Communication: The Essential Element of a Successful Training Program in a Peace-Keeping Environment
Conflict Resolution & Negotiation in a Peace Keeping Environment
Techniques of Motivation in a Diverse Peace-Keeping Environment
Individual Decision-Making and Group Behavior
Leadership Training For Supervisors in these Organizations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Conflict resolution and peace keeping has been an issue of controversy for many years. However, with the proper training mechanism and structure, then peace and humanitarian operations can be the champions of a successful organizational initiative. It is therefore imperative that there be a comprehensive discourse embedded in the training structure for these operations that can analyze elements of the foreign conflict resolution and negotiation strategies. The connection between an effective training program or structure with the overall success of conflict resolution and negotiations will depend primarily on how well the program identifies the necessary political, economic, and cultural realms that have been affected by the dimensions of the operations. Overall, it is clear that conflict resolution and negotiation policy training is reactive and preventative, since it would be devised to counter, and to prohibit actions that were seen as harmful to the peace initiatives."
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Woodrow Wilson?s 14 Points and the Women's Peace Movement, 2003.
A comparative analysis of the principles of Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points and the resolutions of the Women?s Peace Movement.
1,047 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, in 1915, The Hague convention represented women from 22 different countries with the main focus of achieving peace. It examines how this process for peace was deemed feasible by a series of resolutions established by the Women?s Peace Congress and how these resolutions focused on many key ideas that the Women?s Peace Congress believed could create world peace. It demonstrates the irony of President Woodrow Wilson's refusal to lead the international mediation and how many of the principles established at the Women?s Peace Congress in The Hague, were echoed with the publication of Woodrow Wilson?s 14 Points, which earned him much international praise, three years later.
From the Paper
"The principle for autonomy of nations is demonstrated in both the 14 points and the Resolutions adopted at Hague as well. The Women?s Peace Congress was much broader as they simply stated, ?autonomy and a democratic parliament should not be refused to any people (Addams, 3).? Wilson singled out the exact countries, ?the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development.? Wilson also requested the autonomy of the peoples of Austria Hungary, Rumania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Poland. The Women?s Peace Congress simply expressed the belief that countries should be allowed autonomy, while Wilson?s 14 Points rather put them into play in the specific nations that he felt were most important."
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UN and Peace Maintenance, 2005.
Questions whether the UN has been successful in establishing and maintaining international peace and security. Uses examples of Rwanda and Iraq.
3,254 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper argues that the United Nations, although having achieved minor accomplishments in the area of maintenance of peace and security, can, generally speaking, not be considered a successful international organization. Instead, the United Nations has failed on a number of times throughout the past to maintain international peace and security. These failures were in situations where peace and security were reasonable outcomes. So, therefore, the UN is obviously not working to the best of its ability. To argue this point, the paper begins with an extensive analysis of the United Nations and its failures in the maintenance of international peace and security through two specific case studies, Rwanda, and most recently, Iraq. It then discusses the limited successes of the UN and examines the possible reasons for its overall failure to address the maintenance of international peace and security adequately and consistently. Finally, the writer briefly proposes possible reforms that the UN could adopt in order for the organization to operate more effectively in the international environment.
From the Paper
"The UN has many areas in which it could improve through reform. Due to the limited word count, I have chosen to not discuss this topic in too much depth. The areas of reform seem obvious from the problems I have mentioned previously. For the UN to succeed, the world community must match the demands made on the organisation by the resources given to it . Strong and sustained political support from Member States , rapid deployments of all peacekeeping and peacemaking troops with a robust force posture and sound peace-building strategies are all necessary in improving the UN. There have been a number of attempts at addressing the issue of reform. These include the Brahimi report, which was commissioned by the UN Secretary General to address the past weaknesses and failures of the UN with regard to peace and security and An Agenda for Peace, written by Boutros Boutros Ghali, the former Secretary General. Both reports recognised problems with the UN?s capacity to maintain world peace but many of the recommendations that were suggested were not implemented. In order for the UN to be successful in maintaining international peace and security, reforms have to not only be recognised, but also implemented."
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Negative Campaigning, 2002.
This paper discusses negative campaigning in political elections.
2,580 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the use of negative campaigning mentioning how Abraham Lincoln, one of the most respected politicians in history, resorted to mudslinging, the most popular form of negative campaigning. The author defines negative campaigning, gives examples, gives various views of negative campaigning, looks at its different aspects, illustrates how it works, and looks at its negative effects.
From the Paper
"The United States has a history of negative campaigning that is hard to shake. Abraham Lincoln, who is considered one of the most respected politicians in history, resorted to mudslinging, the most popular from of negative campaigning, during his career (Swint, 1998). Lincoln often mocked and mimicked his opponent's appearance, speech and mannerisms during campaigns.
But the politicians are simply giving their audience what consultants and some researchers say is most effective.
To date, there is inconclusive evidence that negative campaigning will lead to backlash from voters. In fact, many researchers say that negative campaigning makes voters feel more secure in their decisions about candidates. Additional research shows that the use of negative campaigning provides candidates with a larger audience and creates more of an impact on voters."
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Negative Election Campaign Advertising, 2002.
An overview of the issue of negative campaign ads and their effects.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The controversy over negative campaign advertising amongst political opponents has been the source of much debate in the past few years. The 2002 American congressional election proved to be no exception to the use of negative ads. This paper provides information concerning the issue of negative campaign ads. It explores the statistical data available about the subject and the effects that negative ads have on the voting public. In addition provides information concerning the impact of negative campaign ads on candidates and political parties.
From the Paper
"In another election featuring Myrth York as the democratic candidate for Governor and Don Carciri as the Republican Candidate negative ads also played a role in the loss of the election. By all accounts York was ahead in the polls but her negative attacks against he opponent proved to be her undoing. This was the second time that she had run foe office and in her pervious attempt she had also lost because of negative campaigning. In the most recent instance the ads that she promoted rubbed constituents the wrong way and proved to be unfounded. This is yet another case of a candidate crossing the line and engaging in negative campaign."
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Kant's "Perpetual Peace", 2004.
This paper discusses Kant's "Perpetual Peace" and war.
1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Kant states that a republican constitution, which by definition must be representative of a republic and the people existing within, must ultimately be concerned with the concept of perpetual peace; and, when a republican constitution is utilized, it must follow that, in order for war to be declared, the citizens of a nation must consent to this war. The author points out that Kant also argues in this passage however that the ?ultimate evil? of war is that it may not allow for peace at any point, because further war is spurned as a result of the debt that is often incurred from the act of war itself. The author believes that Kant?s argument should have been that the adoption of a republican constitution facilitates more motivation and tendency within a country toward perpetual peace and makes it more difficult to engage in war on a continuous basis without direct approval of the citizenry.
From the Paper
"The non-republican constitution thus thwarts all efforts toward perpetual peace. Perhaps here Kant is observing the frequency of war that is declared in nations and countries ruled by someone considered the nations ?owner?. True, in the sense that some countries are seen in a state of perpetual war rather than in a state of peace. However, even within countries that abide by a republican constitution, perpetual peace is hardly realized. The argument that such a constitution provides for peace is faulty. Even if the citizens of such a nation object to war, there is possibility in some situations that they will find themselves in the throes of war regardless."
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The Oslo Peace Process, 2004.
An analysis of the failure of the Oslo peace process.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the ongoing attempts at peace between the Palestinians and Israel. The paper examines the 1993 Oslo Accords that initiated the peace process. The paper presents a brief overview of the history between the two nations that led up to the historic signing of the Oslo Accords. The course of events since the signing of the agreement is outlined in the paper, with notation of the obstacles encountered each step of the way. The paper contends that the question of peace between Israel and the Palestinians remains unanswered.
From the Paper
"The Palestinians did not feel this was fair and in 1967, the Six Day War occurred. The Palestinians had planned to crush Israel with the help of other armies from Jordan, Egypt, etc. All did not go as planned and the Palestinians lost more than just the war. Israel gained control of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Earlier in the decade, the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) was created with Yasir Arafat as its leader. The PLO was a political and "paramilitary" organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. Their intent was to replace Israel. In more recent years, its official goal has been redefined to conquer only the West Bank and Gaza Strip. There are certain parts of the organization that do not agree with the new definition and still wish to conquer all of Israel."
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Negative Campaign Advertising, 2001.
A look at the use of negative campaign advertising and political and social debates around the concept.
3,535 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 18 sources, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the concept of negative campaign advertising. The author examines how politicians make use of negative advertising, the effects of such advertising, the legal concerns of negative advertising and the moral and ethical debates around the issue.
From the Paper
"Since the early 1980s, negative political advertising has become the dominant strategy of most campaigns for high-visibility offices in the United States and other countries. Negative political advertising is political advertising that implicitly or explicitly places the opposition in an inferior position, providing an argument that calls his/her fitness for office or leadership ability into question. (Johnson-Cartee and Copeland, p.20). Political consultants are less than eager to admit they actively participate in negative political advertising, creatively renaming negative ads in ?value-positive? euphemisms and skirting the issue. This causes the extended inference that any type of negative advertising, even that which attempts to honestly educate the voter regarding legitimate shortcomings of a political opponent is inherently ?bad?. "
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Negative Betas, 2006.
This paper analyzes the concept of negative betas, which are used to evaluate the volatility of stock prices.
5,970 words (approx. 23.9 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the beta in an investment scenario, which is a measure of the magnitude of the systematic risk involved in an investment, is either positive or negative depending on the positive or reverse movement of the return of the investment in relation to the market trends, taken on an average. The author points out that negative beta stocks are rarely found in the real world markets since they are seen to go against the trend of the market; however, one possible sector, which has negative beta stocks is the gold industry that normally goes against the trend shown by equity markets. The paper relates that, in consonance with the capital assets pricing model (CAPM), the market-driven price of a security would vary in accordance with the variation in its beta. The paper includes a formula and table.
From the Paper
"But during the last few years, it is quite evident that amidst political uncertainty that has risen in the world that the price of gold has shown material gains when equity markets have indicated recorded sharp decline. Similarly, another commodity that has performed quite well is the oil. As with gold, the oil prices have suffered over most of the past two decades, while the equity prices evidenced a rapid growth. It is only during the recent years that the oil prices have indicated a recovery. The present political uncertainty has made the situation extremely problematic for investors."
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The Theory of Negative Freedom, 2003.
An analysis of whether the theory of negative freedom / liberty is persuasive.
1,014 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes whether the political theory of negative freedom is a persuasive argument. It looks at the underlying concept of negative freedom and its interpretation, and the opposing views of negative freedom. It concludes that although a flawed argument, it is supported by solid theories, therefore is persuasive.
From the Paper
"The concept of freedom is a core value of society, many believing that a greater amount of freedom will lead to a greater and more fulfilling lifestyle. As a result the concept has been subject to a range of philosophical discussions, in particular the balancing of freedom and order. For example, by limiting freedom through laws which prohibit certain actions such as murder, greater freedom is enjoyed by other members of society. Mill (1982) even suggested that intervention by the state is only viable where one persons actions would cause harm to another. Negative freedom is the dominant concept of liberals, distinguished to positive freedom by Berlin (1969) in his article ?Two Concepts of Liberty?. Negative freedom refers to ?the sphere of action within which an individual is left alone to do or be whatever he or she may want to do or be? (Carter, 2002). Through close examination of this concept, it?s interpretation and opposing views of freedom, it?s validity as a ?persuasive? theory can be inferred."
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Middle East Peace, 2006.
This in-depth paper examines the Israeli - Palestinian conflict and the struggle of both nations to obtain a lasting and true peace.
4,700 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper details the long and complex history of both the Palestinian and Israeli nations and the push for peace that was prompted largely by the desire of all nations involved in the process to end the wars that have plagued the Middle East since Israel's inception in 1948. This paper contains historic information on both countries as well as America's constant involvement in pushing for a true and lasting peace between Israel and Palestine.
Topics covered in this report include:
A Brief History
Peace in the 1990s
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The Palestinians, previously subjects of the Ottoman Empire, were faced with a crisis of identity. They had never before considered themselves "Palestinians" in a national sense, but the massive influx of Jewish settlers and the declaration of Zionist intentions to establish statehood provoked the formation of a somewhat frail Palestinian community whose identity was centered on geographical as well as cultural similarities. This community was fractured by political infighting and the distribution of its citizens in a rural context."
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Wilson's Ability in Maintaining Peace, 2004.
A look at whether Woodrow Wilson possessed the will to maintain peace after WWI.
3,992 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
Woodrow Wilson did not possess the will to maintain peace after the Great War. The writer asserts that there were three ways in which Wilson contributed to the build-up of tensions before WWII. First was Wilson?s failure in responding to the members of the Peace Accords in relation to the redrawing of German boundaries; his influence in tearing away predominantly German areas resulted in the planting of seeds for future war. The second reason that Wilson could not maintain peace was his inability to remove himself from partisan politics in America. The third reason was in relation to Wilson's "Fourteen Points", more specifically, the point of ?self-determination.? Close examination of these three points shows why Wilson is partly responsible for WWII.
From the Paper
"The Great War was a war of attrition. Many brave men on all both sides of the conflict, Axis and Allied Powers, met their fate fighting for their homelands during the years of 1914-1918. Never before had the world seen such a horrid war fought in the grand scope and magnitude of nations versus nations. Great sacrifices were made in part to the loss of human life through mechanization of artillery to the inception of chemical warfare. (Would such a tragic lesson be reason enough for peace among sovereigns?) Unfortunately, the peace was not afforded to the constituents of the Paris conference, nor those that threw away their lives in the second war that shortly followed in 1939. While there were many causes for the Second World War, it would be a herculean effort to name and attribute them all. A few of the major causes included the onset of war reparations since repayment would be next to impossible for the Germans to meet in the allotted time. Secondly were the sanctions imposed upon the size of the German military which was considered a measure of further alienation, and thirdly were territorial settlement disputes. All three factors were great causes that angered the Nazis to disregard the Peace Accords in the early 1930?s with Hitler?s rise to power."
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