| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "NORTHERN TREE DIVERSITY": |
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Northern Tree Diversity, 2006.
A discussion regarding the diversity gradient of trees in Europe.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the diversity gradient of trees in between southern and northern Europe. The paper looks at two perspectives. The first is the equilibrium hypothesis and the second is the disequilibrium hypothesis. This essay explores two researchers' arguments about the latitudinal diversity gradient of woody plants in Europe.
From the Paper
"Questions about biodiversity levels in different regions have been puzzling scientists for many years. For example, one of the largest questions in biodiversity is why is species diversity higher in the tropics then in temperate zones (Silvertown, 1985, p. 519). Two broad categories of hypotheses have been used to explain the differences in tropical and temperate biodiversity. The first are generally known as equilibrium hypotheses. Equilibrium hypotheses argue that present climatic and biotic conditions determine latitudinal biodiversity (MacDonald, 2003, p. 422). Disequilibrium or historical hypotheses argue that past conditions are more important (MacDonald, 2003, p. 415). "
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T. R.Berger's "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland", 2007.
This paper applies the critical-emancipatory paradigm and the constructivist-interpretive paradigm to T. R.Berger's 1988 book "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland: The Report of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry".
1,615 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the critical paradigm recognizes that reality is the product of history and analyzes it accordingly through social, political, cultural, economic, ethnic and gender values developed over time. The author states that, when applying the critical-emancipatory approach to T. R. Berger's "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland", the observer understands that the whole issue surrounding the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry involves a strong reaction to historical reality issues especially the importance of the First Nation people and the environmental supporters in deciding against the pipeline project. The paper relates that the constructivist-interpretive paradigm assumes that to understand the world and its meaning, one must interpret it. The author underscores that the constructivist-interpretive paradigm can be applied to Berger's work in that his assessment of the Mackenzie Valley pipeline is heavily subjective and based upon interpretation of multiple realities.
Table of Contents
The Strengths and Weakness of the Critical Paradigm
Application of the Critical-Emancipatory Approach to "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland"
The Strength and Weakness of the Constructivist-Interpretive Paradigm
Application of the Critical Constructivist- Interpretive Paradigm to "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland"
From the Paper
"It is easy to analyze the Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland document in terms of the critical-emancipatory approach. Indeed, the whole issue surrounding the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry involves a strong reaction of social, political, cultural, economic and ethnic issues derived from processes over history. The writer, Berger, has assessed the contentious issue of the pipeline development firstly in terms of economic issues: that is, that it will be good for the Canadian economy, particularly the northern Canadians who will be brought now into the "mainstream of the Canadian economy" (Berger, 1988, p. 3). Ultimately, however, Berger has acknowledged the role of ethnicity in appraising the pipeline project and assessing its worth. His final position assumes the First Nation Canadians are correct; environmentally-speaking, the project should not go on). The role of acknowledging the importance of the First Nation people and the environment in deciding against the pipeline project display evidence of cultural, social, political and ethnic values in evaluating the situation.
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The History and Characteristics of the Ginkgo Tree, 2002.
A discussion of the Ginkgo Tree and how mankind can benefit from it.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The Ginkgo Biloba tree is the oldest tree species known to man with fossil records date back to when dinosaurs roamed the earth. Today, the extract of the dried leaves is popular for use as a dietary supplement for the brain and heart. Ginkgo extract is thought to improve blood circulation and memory and prevent blood clotting. The leaves are also used as tea to soothe a variety of ailments. This paper gives a brief historical description including the characteristics of the Ginkgo tree that will detail the Ginkgo tree and its importance in today?s society.
From the Paper
"The Ginkgo tree is unique in many ways. It is so different from any other living tree that it must be classified in a separate order. The Ginkgo biloba probably no longer exists in a truly wild state. It has been found growing freely over some ten square miles near Changhua Hsien in the Chekiang province of China, but it is uncertain whether these trees are the remains of an ancient forest or not. It is a sacred tree in the Far East, where it is commonly planted in the grounds of temples and palaces. In some of the grounds of the temples there are specimens that are said to be over 1,000 years old. It?s preservation in China, Korea, Manchuria, and Japan is probably due to the interest taken in it by the Buddhist priests whose interest in the tree saved it from becoming extinct."
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The Northern Expedition, 2007.
This paper discusses the Northern Expedition and looks at the role played by the National Revolutionary Army leader Chiang Kai-shek.
1,159 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the Northern Expedition, a military campaign launched by the Kuamintang in July 1926 to defeat the warlords controlling northern China. The writer notes that this is considered to be an important event in modern Chinese history as it served to unify the country after decades of instability and fragmentation. Further, the writer points out that it also helped Chiang Kai-shek, the commander of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) who led the campaign, to emerge as a strong national leader. In this paper, besides describing the background and events of the Northern Expedition, the writer discusses the role played by Chiang Kai-shek in the campaign and looks at the reasons for his success.
Outline:
Background
The Northern Expedition & Chiang Kai-shek's Role in the Campaign
Reasons for Chiang Kai-shek's Success in the Northern Expedition
References
From the Paper
"Chiang Kai-shek, however, was by no means finished. He was still commander of the Canton garrison and on the lookout to get back into prominence. He soon got his chance when, for reasons still unclear, a gunboat, commanded by a Communist officer, suddenly appeared before dawn off Whampoa Island on March 20, 1926. Using the incident as an excuse , Chiang placed Canton under martial law, arrested several Soviet advisors in the city and closed down Communist newspapers. In the crisis that followed, Wang Jingwei resigned and went into exile; Chiang took over as the head of the Military Affairs Council (MAC) and the commander of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA). He asked Comintern and the Soviets to support a northern military campaign, besides putting up a number of demands that would tone down the Communists' influence in KMT affairs. The Soviets agreed to Chiang's demands as Stalin was engaged in a critical domestic power struggle and could not afford a blow to his prestige that a complete eviction of Soviet advisors from China would signal."
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Northern Ireland, 2005.
This paper is a literature review of social conflict and resolution theories as they apply to the conflict in Northern Ireland.
11,525 words (approx. 46.1 pages), 47 sources, $ 225.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the social identity theory, the identity theory, the self-determination theory, the human needs theory and especially focuses on the social movement analysis theory in the context of the social attitudes and the conflict in Northern Ireland. The author points out that this conflict exists because the people in the majority, the Protestants, have implemented a policy of sectarianism by oppressing the Catholic minority thus attempting to place this policy under the cloak of religion. The paper concludes that there will be lasting change in Northern Ireland; however, this change can only occur if all or most of the community is determined to create a society that is harmonious and abhors violence.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Social Identity Theory and Identity Theory
Self-Determination Theory
Human Needs Theory
Social Movement Analysis in Context of Northern Ireland Social Attitudes and Conflict
Conflict Resolution
Reconciliation
Liberation Education
Transformational Politics
Personal Participation in Politics
Transformational Conflict Resolution
Imagining a Shared Future
Integrating Potential of Middle-Range Leaders
Develop People and Promote Growth and Change
Spiritual Transformation
Recognizing the Transformational Process
Indications Northern Ireland is Changing
A Changed Government
An Agenda that embraces Equality
Advancement of Human Rights
New Targeting Social Need initiative
The Policing of Northern Ireland Bill
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the case of Northern Ireland, many attempts have been to resolve the conflicts between Catholics and Protestants. The international community has attempted on several occasions to reduce the amount of violence occurring in the region. According to Crotty (2000), there has been a joint effort with the aid of the United States to resolve the dilemma facing Northern Ireland. The desire to help those living in the region has become more concerted in recent years. Much of this is due to the declining infrastructure of Northern Ireland. Crotty (2000) asserts that Northern Ireland has suffered greatly in the wake of the violence and social conflict that has occurred. The author explains that Northern Ireland was once a beautiful place that was the envy of the region, however in recent years the economy has suffered and southern Ireland is now sounder economically than Northern Ireland."
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Strong Heroes and Steady Trees, 2004.
Examines the tree imagery within the epics, "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey", by Homer, and "The Aeneid", by Virgil.
2,640 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
In the three great ancient epics, "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey", by Homer, and "The Aeneid", by Virgil, all three heroes are compared to trees, showing two attributes that the heroes share. Firstly, the paper shows that Achilles, Odysseus, and Aeneas manifest their heroic qualities through tree imagery. Heroic attributes allow heroes to rise to the occasion and tend to display qualities that exceed average human capabilities. While each has a different concept of heroism, the tree imagery shows that the three characters are similar because they possess chivalrous attributes. The paper shows that, secondly, the tree imagery manifests the relationships that each of the characters has with a particular goddess. Like strong trees that are helped by nature, Achilles, Odysseus, and Aeneas, all have powerful attributes, but use the force of a higher power, or a goddess, for assistance.
From the Paper
"The idea of relating Aeneas to an oak tree is interesting. Oak is used for building homes, and although Aeneas does not specifically build Rome, the idea of city development reminds the reader about Aeneas?s heroic duty to discover Rome and also reflects on Aeneas?s stay in Carthage, where he helps build the future rival city of Rome. Also like an oak tree, Aeneas is steadfast and unmoving when listening to Dido?s pleas, managing to remain dedicated to his heroic duty and the gods? wishes. Every heroic action that Aeneas takes is defined by his duty to the gods (for example, leaving Carthage and finding Rome), displaying the heroic nature of duty; duty inspires Aeneas to ?do the right thing.? "
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Thomas L. Friedman's "The Lexus and the Olive Tree", 2007.
This paper reviews Thomas L. Friedman's book about globalization, "The Lexus and the Olive Tree".
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Thomas L. Friedman's interesting title for his book "The Lexus and the Olive Tree" was taken from two conflicting concepts: The Lexus represents globalization; whereas, the olive tree represents culture, traditions and community. The author points out that Friedman believes that this relationship must be in balance because too much globalization can pose a great threat to the integrity of the olive tree and too much protection given to the olive tree may hinder the development promised by globalization. The paper states that Friedman argues that globalization is not, and cannot be, regulated because there is no one regulating it. The author stresses that globalization was perceived by Friedman as beneficial not only to the electronic herd, which is the millions of investors moving money around the world with a click of a mouse, but also to the average blue-collar worker.
From the Paper
"The problem with this, though, as explained by Stiglitz, is that, in industrialized countries, the pain of layoffs is acknowledged and somewhat ameliorated by the safety net of unemployment insurance, but in less developed countries it is a different case--the unemployed workers typically do not become a public charge because there are seldom insurance schemes there. Globalization has not worked for millions of people. Many have actually been made worse off, as they have seen their jobs destroyed and their lives become more insecure."
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Northern Ireland and Politics of Religion, 2001.
This paper examines religious turmoil in Northern Ireland.
2,255 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth examination of the history of the conflict in Northern Ireland. The author summarizes the history of religious conflict in Northern Ireland and looks at the recent attempts to end decades of violence. An historical background on the troubles is detailed and includes the policy of "Home Rule," The Ireland Act of 1920, which divided Ireland into North and South, the suspension of Northern Ireland's government in 1972 and finally the successful attempts in the 1990s to broker an agreement between the two parties. The author then looks at the religious makeup of Ireland and the divisions between the Catholic and Protestant populations which, according to the author, caused politics to become a proxy for religion. The author then looks at the how the divisions in the populations of South African and Northern Ireland impeded their roads to independence.
From the Paper
"About two-fifths of the population is Roman Catholic, while more than one-fifth is Presbyterian, with less than one-fifth Episcopalian (Church of Ireland); Methodists and members of other sects make up most of the remainder. The distribution of Catholics and Protestants is, however, very uneven by region . In country districts the latter are in a majority in the north and east. Elsewhere they are in a minority, though fairly highly localized. Most towns have a Protestant majority: this is the case in Belfast, where Catholics make up less than one-third of the population. Towns remote from Belfast (including Newry and Londonderry) are more than half Roman Catholic. In each of these towns themselves there is a high degree of segregation of the sects, and mixing is minimal and ?segregation increases as socioeconomic status decreases." Civil disturbances are almost always confined to locations in which segregation is highest."
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The Effects of the Brown Tree Snake on Guam's Avifauna, 2000.
This paper examines the environmental damage that has been caused in the island of Guam as a result of the brown tree snake.
2,850 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the effects that the brown tree snake had on the wildlife of Guam. The brown tree snake, accidentally imported to Guam shortly after World War II, appeared all over the island and ended up killing several species of the native forest birds that lived in Guam. This paper is a historical description of the development of the brown tree snake as a plague. It details the origin of the Brown Tree Snake and the terrible effects it had on the island of Guam. Moreover, this paper shows the environmental effects on the development of the Island.
From the Paper
"Determining the number of animal species existing on the island of Guam prior to the arrival of humans has presented a distinct difficulty. From archeological excavations on the nearby island of Rota, scientists have determined that the original human colonists' domesticated animals extirpated many species thousands of years ago (Chiszar et al1997). World War II "subjected" Guam to naval bombardment so severe that some artillery fire leveled some forests (Chiszar et al 1997). After the war, extensive seeding of the island took place with an exotic legume (Leucaena leucocephala.) It permanently replaced native trees over vast areas (Chiszar et al 1997). The fauna of Guam seemed stable until the 1960's. At this time Wildlife authorities noticed the entire absence of birds from the southern one-third of the island. The boundary of the absence of birds seemed to be moving steadily northward. Birds were missing from the southern two-thirds of the island by the end of the 1970's (Enbring & Ramsey 1983). Thirteen years later, in 1983, all 10 forest species occurred concurrently only in 160 ha of mature forest beneath the cliff line at the northern tip of Guam, with a few species still occupying parts of the northern plateau (Savidge 1987). The early 1980's reveals many factors blamed for the decline in Guam's forest birds. Disease, pesticides, habitat loss, hunting, and introduced species evolve as the major suspect reasons. Elimination of the forest's mosquitoes that possibly harbor avian malaria or avian pox brought an influx of pesticide usage. During World War II to the-mid 1970's, the military used pesticides such as DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbons to kill the mosquitoes (Enbring & Ramsy 1983). Pesticides might have caused declines in the past; therefore, it cannot be ruled out as a cause for the earlier reed-warbler extinction (Reichel et al 1992). Tests conducted in 1981 indicate low pesticide levels on Guam. Pesticides probably were not responsible for the current declines of forest birds (Reichel et al 1992). The years since 1945 have witnessed an increase in weedy species, though substantial native habitat remains in southern and northern Guam. Birds have disappeared from forests that previously supported healthy bird populations (Savidge 1987)."
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Northern Ireland, 2007.
An in-depth look at the political role of women in Northern Ireland.
9,691 words (approx. 38.8 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the manner in which women in Northern Ireland have contributed to party politics over the past thirty years of conflict, more commonly known as 'the troubles'. More Specifically the paper investigates feminist theory as well as sociology theories related to the political participation of women. The investigation also seeks to answer the various questions concerning women's roles in Northern Ireland.
Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Framework: Feminist and Sociology Theories
Background of Conflict
The Women's Movement in Northern Ireland: Politics and Religion
Why So Few Women?
Do Women Compete Differently From Men or Do They Emulate Men?
What Has Women's Contribution Been Towards the Peace Process?
Discussions and Conclusions
From the Paper
"According to O'day (1996), the women's movement in Northern Ireland has, like any other movement in the region, attempted to confront the divisions that exist as it relates to national identity. In addition, there has been a great deal of speculation in regards to the correlation between gender and national identity. The author asserts that feminists who desire to prioritize women's issues assert that the divisiveness related to national identity has also had and divisive impact on the issues that are unique to women. In addition the differences between nationalists and unionists thought and the differences between Catholic and Protestant standards has been debilitating to the women's movement in Northern Ireland. In fact the author points out that it is usually the "Irish question" or the question of "whose side are you on?" is at the root of the divisions. This concept can be found in Derry Women's Aid in Spare Rib in response to a question concerning the correlation between feminism and the national question: "The uncritical support given by some English feminists to the nationalist struggle being waged here in N.I. is of little help to us, or indeed, to the women of the whole of Ireland," which not only serves to "to divide women along the traditional Orange and Green," but also "results in a lack of attention to the feminist issues (O'Day, 1998)."
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"Northern Mists", 2002.
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the work "Northern Mists," by Carl O. Sauer.
1,367 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes Carl O. Sauer's book "Northern Mists" in which he advances and argues the theory that the Norse country of "Vinland" was in reality part of Southern New England. Carl Sauer was a respected geographer and historian and "Northern Mists" is a well-known and cited commentary discussing the geographic history of "Vinland" and how the Northern Europeans discovered North America. The paper looks at the overall message the author is trying to convey, and how he manages to communicate it to his readers.
From the Paper
"Why did the Norse look for new lands? Sauer seems to answer this himself when he compares their country to the lovely country of New England. "The bleak and windswept Strait of Belle Isle (through which I once passed in early July) bears no resemblance to the gracious country of deciduous woodlands and grapevines of Vinland, bordered by wide tidal flats" (Sauer). He also attributes their exploration to changes in climate in Northern Europe, which drove them to look for a climate that was warmer and less hospitable as time went on. "There is evidence, discovered in Scandinavia and northern Britain, that the climate of northern Europe was milder in the tenth and eleventh centuries, became more extreme in the thirteenth, and ameliorated in or after the fifteenth" (Sauer)."
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A Tree Planting Strategy, 2008.
This paper presents a tree planting program for a suburban neighborhood.
1,441 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper focuses on developing a tree planting strategy in order to retrofit a suburban neighborhood so that it has less detrimental environmental impact and greater resource efficiency. The paper details the many benefits of a tree planting program and looks at the technical challenges involved. The paper discusses the types of trees that could be planted as well as various layout options.
Outline:
Background
Technical Challenges
Performance Criteria
From the Paper
"The task is to retrofit a suburban neighborhood so that it has less detrimental environmental impact, greater resource efficiency, more opportunities for healthy living, and a sense of aesthetic splendor and improved lifestyle. The neighborhood consists of approximately 200 acres with wide streets, houses set back from the street and fronted by large garages, very low residential density, significant paving of the landscape, and no other land uses within a ten minute walk. Such a neighborhood would be considered relatively isolated but might also have a detrimental effect on the local environment because of the paving that removes natural land and that reflects heat from the sun, as might the houses themselves. The low residential density is a benefit. One way of improving the region is to develop a tree planting strategy for the area so as to make the neighborhood itself more given to renewal of the atmosphere."
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El Arbol de la Ciencia: The Tree of Knowledge., 2002.
This paper looks at the book "El Arbol de la Ciencia: The Tree of Knowledge" and discusses key themes within it.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the book El Arbol de la Ciencia: The Tree of Knowledge and discusses key themes within it. Themes such as the idea of science being knowledge and against the idea of God. Furthermore looking at the tree in the garden of Eden and how Eve brought upon the sins of man through seeking knowledge and as such have lost sight of God.
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Christmas Trees, 2003.
Provides a history of the marketing and commercialization of Christmas trees.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 23.95
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Abstract
Discusses the origin of marketing in Great Depression. Examines the notion of selling trees to the mass market, its development into a multimillion-dollar industry., and the roots of the Christmas tree tradition in the pre-Christian era.
From the Paper
"Christmas tree farms and the aggressive marketing of trees, began in the United States during the Great Depression. According to Jones (2001), it was then that nurserymen could not sell ..."
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Two Economies in the Northern Territories, 2002.
Examines the modern and the Aboriginal economies in the Northern territories of North America.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The first part of this paper concentrates on how the traditional and the modern economies have divided the peoples of the Northern territories. The second section investigates how "mega- projects" have allowed the process of globalization to reach up into the innermost reaches of the Northern Territories.
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