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Nigeria: Nationalism and Decolonization, 2002.
This paper outlines the rise of nationalism and the process of independence in Nigeria from 1940-1970.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of opposition and local political organization in Nigeria initially. Then it examines the political process leading to independence. It focuses on the dual themes of federalism and independence in the decade from 1950-1960.
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Decolonization, 2005.
This paper discusses decolonization and looks at the differing views of the French and the British in this regard.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that De Gaulle was clear that decolonization served the interests of France. The writer points out that the British Labor Party took the same approach, but was more benevolent. The writer discusses that the statements made by de Gaulle and during the British debate were inevitable and that behind the scenes, international events, and especially World War II, had and were making a massive impact. The writer shows that decolonization took place within the context of a profoundly changing world with new and very pressing demands.
From the Paper
"There are several striking similarities between De Gaulle's justifications for decolonization and those expressed by the members of British parliament. There also are several very important differences. De Gaulle was clear that decolonization served the interests of France. The British Labor Party took the same approach, but was more benevolent. The statements made by de Gaulle and during the British debate were inevitable. Behind the scenes, international events, and especially World War II, had and were making a massive impact. Decolonization took place within the context of a profoundly changing world with new and very pressing demands."
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The Decolonization of India, 2008.
This paper argues that internal factors played as large a role as any other in the decolonization of India.
2,520 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the most notable internal factors influencing the decolonization of India is the gradual handing-over of more and more power to Indian political elites in the Legislative Councils of India in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century. The author points out how collective memory, while well-concealed during the apogee of British might in the last-half of the nineteenth century, also fueled underground resistance to British rule. The paper explores how the rise of nationalist associations and a series of reforms by the British - the 1861 Indian Councils Act, the 1892 Act and most significantly the sweeping Morley-Minto reforms of 1909 in response to the foolishness of former Viceroy George Curzon - led to India being slowly introduced to responsible government and to the parliamentary traditions, which would sustain it when it became wholly independent after the Second World War.
From the Paper
"It is axiomatic that empires cost a lot of money; it is also axiomatic that empires eventually must respond to the demands and concerns of the repressed - at least somewhat - or destructive rebellion, the disruption of trade and commodity production, and a general rise in hostilities will result. For the British, the 1857 Uprising and the subsequent 1861 Councils Act were only the first steps towards recognizing that the cultural imperialism of the past was no longer going to suffice as the twentieth century drew nigh. To wit, in 1892 a revised Indian Councils Act was passed that permitted "local comment" and criticism for legislation passed by the provincial legislative councils."
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African Turmoil in the Aftermath of Decolonization, 2008.
This paper explains and examines today's situation in Africa.
2,681 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the author provides a brief historical background of the African continent and explains the different results that have emerged following historical events of the last century. The paper relates that, although decolonization was intended to secure independence, Africa continues to suffer from economic imbalance, exploitation, violence and economic stagnation.
From the Paper
"The world had been in a state of total flux during World War II, with various powers vying through alliance, conflict and occupation to carve out their perceived shares of the globe. In this equation, the outcome of the war yielded a victor but no winners. All parties had sacrificed too much manpower, money and faith during the war to continue living in the path which had preceded it. Chief amongst the characteristics of the world prior to the war was its division along colonialist lines. Of the war's many victims, those who experienced it under occupation would know best its lasting effects. Africa stands today as a continent indicative of the long-term damage of imperialism in all forms. A continent uniquely important to the colonization of the world due to its resources, location and, to the European perspective, its wealth of free labor, its development after the war would take on a path that was distinctly a product of those circumstances.
Another effect of World War II had been its strengthening of the United States. Long tied to African colonization by way of its prime interest in the slave trade, the U.S. would begin to assume a great deal more responsibility in the primary direction of many of the emergent decolonizing government structures. In many ways taking the mantle from the also attritioned British Empire, with which it had developed an inextricable diplomatic relation during the war, the United States began to view Africa as an ideal venue for its nation-building strategy. Essentially a counter to the threat of spreading Soviet Communism, the U.S. initative to democratize fledgling independent states directly implicated the outcome of Africa's decolonization in the Cold War. Herein lay the foundation for the unrest and uncivility with which the world community has come to view a continent that is populace and resource rich but impoverished of equality, democracy and stability. Though there was contained in the notion of decolonization great promise of the freedoms and opportunities on the horizon, the short-sighted and exploitive conceits of European, Soviet and American incursion of the continent resulted in a self-perpetuating turmoil. By distancing itself from the land which it had tailored to its purposes for so many centuries, the set of world powers left Africa to a collective vacuum of central political authority, a devastated and virtually non-existent economic infrastructure and an almost endless list of tribal conflicts spurred by culturally incongruent colonial demarcations. These factors have delivered Africa to its present-day status as the continent most politically splintered, dependent upon foreign assistance and given to the germination of violence and terrorism."
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Decolonization of the British Empire in Africa, 2008.
An analysis of the ways in which former British African colonies influenced one another, with a focus on Kenya and Zimbabwe.
2,537 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the extent to which the former British African colonies influenced one another, independent of British leadership. It describes the reasons why the colonies influenced each other, focusing specifically on two of the former African colonies under the British Empire - Kenya and Zimbabwe. The paper describes the background of the colonization and the self-determination of the two colonies.
Table of Contents:
Background
Self-Determination
From the Paper
"In summary, the influences that the Black African organizations had on one another during the process of decolonization ranged from persuasive, in joining together in the call for unity and Black leadership in the African nations; coercion during the years process of decolonization as the individual self-interest and groups vying for power became more subversive and coercive in nature in a struggle for power; and, finally, at least for Kenya and Rhodesia, a period of acculturation, during which the pending Black leadership assumed the identity and institutions and roles of the as yet in tact British empire. The new regimes resorted again to coercion in order to deal with the remnants of the colonialism, and to fend off competing Black forces challenging existing authorities for political power."
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First Nations Literature, 2008.
A review of First Nations Literature including two plays by Marie Clements: "Burning Vision" and "The Unnatural and Accidental Women", and a poetry book "Exercises in Lip Pointing" by Annharte.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses of some of the ways in which First Nations literature makes a criticism of North American society and culture. the paper explains that in "Burning Vision", Clements makes it clear that the First World is pathologically sick in terms of its attitude to the world and its people and resources. The paper then examines the theme of resistance and struggle and decolonization in three of the texts. The writer believes that if First Nations' existence is defined by their status as having been colonized by people of a different race, then their salvation lies in resistance and struggle. The writer concludes that if First Nations cannot decolonize their countries, they can at least decolonize their minds, and that is what many of the best First Nations writers strive to do, which accounts for the central importance of this theme in much of their literature.
From the Paper
"Clements also seems to imply that the ultimate expression of this rape is nuclear destruction - the ultimate assertion of power, delivered in phallic-shaped bombs by phallic-shaped jets. In this regard, it is important to remember that FAT MAN was the name of one of the atomic bombs. Moreover, the other atomic bomb was code named LITTLE BOY. This was unintentional irony, given that it is Western male aggression that propelled colonization, as well as the kind of destruction meted out by the atomic bombs. In The Unnatural and Accidental Women, Clements seems to be on a totally different track, focusing on poor women living in Vancouver's Eastside in the 1980s."
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Economic Reforms in Nigeria, 2007.
An analysis of the economic situation in Nigeria, including a ten year outlook and plans for economic reform.
8,067 words (approx. 32.3 pages), 33 sources, APA, $ 173.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three theories of economic growth - the neoclassical, institutional and locational theories. The paper critically analyzes the economic situation in Nigeria. It looks at the problems that have hindered economic growth in the country, including education, infrastructure and agriculture. The paper then discusses potential economic reforms for Nigeria and presents a ten year outlook for the country.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Economic Growth
Economic Growth Theories
Neoclassical
Institutional
Locational
History of Nigeria
Government of Nigeria
Economic Issues
Poverty and Diseases
Education
Infrastructure
Agriculture
Financial Reform
Current Situation
Current Outlook
Ten Year Outlook
Nigeria's Growth Theory
Footnotes
From the Paper
"Economic growth is the increase in value of goods and services produced by an economy. It can be measured as a percent change in the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Growth is essential for the development of any country. Ensuring that the benefits of high economic growth are more widely distributed is vital for making such growth sustainable (Anonymous, 2007)."
"One of the most noticeable features of the Nigerian economy is that the majority of the Nigerian population is poor and stricken with widespread poverty and disease. This reflects in the low GDP per capita of the country."
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Nigeria, 2004.
This paper discusses extensively the nation of Nigeria, with emphasis on the nation?s history.
5,735 words (approx. 22.9 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Nigeria, a relatively new nation, having become an independent country only in 1960, has a long history, even predating its being an early 20th century British colony. The author points out that Nigeria was a very important region in the slave trade industry. Well over three million people were shipped out from Nigeria over the course of the slave trade. The paper relates that modern Nigeria is still a young, growing Third World nation, trying to find a path to First World status. It faces many problems, such as having four hundred languages, each of which has its own various dialects. Map.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Geography
Basic History
Pre-Colonial
Colonial
Life in Colonial Nigeria
Slave Trade
Independence
Post-Colonial History
Modern Day Nigeria
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Creating public utilities and creating new roads, railways and water channels gave Nigeria new economic incentive to become a nation onto itself. Nigerian business soon developed monopolies for local products that were needed by the European nations such as oil palms for cosmetics manufacturers. The Nigerian business community began to cash in on other crops like cocoa and rubber. Once tin was discovered it was mined and exported with abandon. Except for the period of the great drought of 1913-14, the Nigerian economy continued to expand providing the necessary funding for an independence struggle."
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The United Nations and Africa, 2005.
A discussion on whether the United Nations has actually failed Africa.
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
In order to understand adequately whether and to what degree, the UN has failed Africa, this paper examines the question on two levels: the political and the social. On the political side, it looks at the history surrounding the decolonisation of Africa and the role of the Security Council and peacekeeping forces in Africa, with a specific focus on Rwanda. On a social level, it scrutinizes the historical management, by the UN and its organs, of HIV/AIDS, as well as examining broader issues of social concern. Ultimately, it is argued that indeed, historically, the UN has failed Africa on a number of both political and social levels; however, it is also suggested that these failures, resulting largely from inaction and mismanagement, must not prevent African states for continuing to engage in the United Nations and its activities.
Outline
Introduction
Failure and Success on a Political Level
Failure and Success on a Social Level
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As has previously been examined, the UN was largely successful in helping to decolonise various African states. However, a decolonized Africa was not necessarily a peaceful one and, as has also been previously examined, ethnic divisions, a legacy of colonialism, remained. The Rwandan genocide is no doubt the foremost example of this. Rwanda was once described as 'the Switzerland of Africa' ; however, starting in April 1994, and lasting around 100 days, Rwanda's Tutsi people suffered genocide amounting to the largest scale human atrocity to occur in recent decades, and indeed, one of the worst violations of human rights in modern times. Not only were an estimated 5-10% of the Rwandan population killed , but these events sparked the cycle of mass killings and bloodshed that would devastate the region for years to come. "
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HIV/AIDS in Nigeria, 2008.
This paper examines the role HIV/AIDS plays in the faltering efforts of Nigeria to embark upon meaningful social progress.
925 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the pervasiveness of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria and how the country is harmed socially, economically and politically by the virus. The author points out that HIV/AIDS robs the nation of Nigeria of human resources it desperately needs, takes money away from other important development projects, and can easily serve as an excuse for internal authoritarianism and persecution. The paper stresses that, until HIV/AIDS is contained and/or eradicated, Nigeria will continue to lag behind the first world.
From the Paper
"The "social progress" within Nigeria from an uncivil and tempestuous society to a civil and (relatively-speaking) stable one has not been a smoothly-unfolding phenomenon. For one thing, the country continues to be saddled with a democratic deficit and with what one observer calls an "overall absence" of appropriate social, political and economic institutions of governance; in other words, the Nigerian government remains woefully ill-prepared to tackle the many internal (and external) issues facing Nigeria."
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Business in Nigeria, Thailand and Japan, 2006.
A comparison of business transaction strategies in Nigeria, Japan and Thailand.
2,297 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the similarities and differences in the political systems, economy and culture of the countries of Nigeria, Japan and Thailand. It examines the benefits and detriments that might occur while business transactions are being processed. It also looks at the best possible approaches that business people in each of these countries should optimally utilize for achieving the best possible results in both the long and short term.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Overview of Japan
Key Issues Relating to Business Transaction Difficulties
Overview of Nigeria
Key Issues Relating to Business Transaction Difficulties
Overview of Thailand
Key Issues Relating to Business Transaction Difficulties
Comparison of Nigeria, Thailand, & Japan
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The structural characteristics in large Asian firms that present problems in the global business society are factors such as the fact that Asian firms are generally very poorly structured, family owned and managed businesses with investments being based on connections and centralized decision-making. Cash accounting is the preferred method of business transaction which results in the companies being greatly limited in the global market. Companies are categorized by internal funding and little to no transparency in accounting and auditing processes.., Abuse of minority shareholders is prevalent and management is patriarchal."
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Nigeria, 2007.
A country analysis of Nigeria, especially its economic structure.
1,505 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the country of Nigeria makes up a good portion of the continent of Africa, it is considered by most geographers and economists as a peripheral country. The author points out that, formally control by Great Britain, the modern history of Nigeria is symbolized by gradual and pervading changes related to its economic, industrial and political systems without an organized past based on its own subsistence. The paper indicates that Nigeria relies mostly on itself for all economic and industrial progress with little dependency on its African neighbors. The paper also describes the agriculture, manufacturing and services sectors of the Nigerian economy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Population
GDP--Gross Domestic Product
Nigerian Economy
Agriculture Sector
Manufacturing Sector
Services Sector
From the Paper
"In Nigeria, most electric power for its industries and cities is provided by thermal and hydroelectric plants. Today, most of the electric power is the result of the Kainji Dam over the Niger River, completed in 1975. The generating stations at this location possess a capacity for generating nine hundred and sixty megawatts, more than half than what had been allocated in the 1980's. However, Nigeria has faced some rather crucial problems connected with its electrical system, for its delivery lines cannot hold the required capacity which has resulted in major power outages and blackouts in some of the major cities."
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Religion and the Media in Nigeria, 2008.
An analysis of the reasons for and effects of the intersection between religion and the media in Nigeria.
1,183 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the intersection of religion and the media in Nigeria. It shows how the effect of the fundamentalism and conservatism in religion can be felt in nearly all forms of the media in Nigeria, but primarily in television and newspapers, which account for the majority of the media productions in the nation. The paper discusses the reasons for and effects of this intersection between religion and the media.
From the Paper
"In short, the Nigerian media faces significant pressure and limitations on independence from religious and political groups, including fundamentalist Muslims. Islamic influences, particularly in the broadcast media and the print media, have resulted in religiously inspired television programming, sensationalized newspaper articles, and fatwas calling for the death of "offensive" journalists. In any sufficiently modern nation, the freedom of the press from just this kind of influence and control should be sacrosanct. It is a basic freedom that permits religious and political intolerance from erupting into major conflicts and violence. Unfortunately, in Nigeria the independence of the media is severely limited and the influence of religious groups, including fundamentalist Muslims, has affected the kind of media that is produced and the public's reaction to it."
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Teaching in Nigeria vs. the U.S., 2004.
A comparison of the educational teaching system in Nigeria as compared to that in the U.S.
3,720 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
There is no nation that can grow beyond the quality of its education. A nation can only develop meaningfully and attain professionalism through a good teacher education program, which begins with the organization of teacher education and the resolving of its problems. The paper concerns itself with teacher education in Nigeria, comparing this nation?s program with that of the United States. Emphasis is placed on the appointment of professional teachers, the curriculum of teacher education, and its expectations in both regions. The paper suggests ways that could lead both nations towards a good teacher education.
Introduction
The Concept of Education
Rationale for Teacher Education
Training a Teacher for Professional Growth
Teaching Practice as a Part of Teacher Education
Problems of Teacher Education in Nigeria
U.S Problems and Solutions
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Teacher education is a key aspect of the education process or training that deals with the process of acquiring skills in teaching profession (Lawal, 2003). Although teacher education is sometimes used interchangeably with teacher training, teacher education is far more than teacher training. Teacher education includes teaching students not only to teach within the four walls of the classroom, but how to base this teaching on sound theoretical knowledge. This knowledge helps teachers to guide their pupils' learning experiences, contribute to the growth and development of people who come into contact with them, and contribute to the development of society at large. Teacher education, whether formal or non-formal, consists of programmed activities and experiences developed by an institution responsible for preparing people to work as professional teachers."
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Women in Nigeria, 2006.
A paper examining the rank and status of women in Nigeria.
3,862 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the position that the women of Nigeria are relegated to, which leaves them persistently vulnerable and even deprived of their rights as human beings. The paper also takes a look at some of the Nigerian government's responses to how women are treated and what some international and local non-government organizations are suggesting as ways to stem the violence inflicted upon the women of Nigeria.
Introduction
Government Policy Responses to the Problem
Alternatives Advocated by International or Local Non-governmental
Organizations
My Assessment of the Level of Success it has Achieved or Will Likely
Achieve
From the Paper
"Nigeria has become the starting place, passage and destination country for both internal and external trafficking. The provisions of the Criminal and Penal Codes did not grant sufficiently for the offense of trafficking in women and children until recently in 2003, when a new complete law was passed by the Nigerian National assembly and agreed to by the President. As per the constitution of Nigeria, Section 34 bans slavery and torment while Sections 223-225 of the Criminal Code deals with sanctions against those who deal in prostitution, help in the transportation of human being within or outside Nigeria with the intention of commercial sexual misuse and to make earnings out of it. The Penal Code also endorsed this act in Section 278-280, and it confers detention for anyone who buys and sells minors for dishonest reasons. Thus the central government has conceded a national legislation banning trafficking in Nigeria, for which law is more detailed than the earlier provisions of the Criminal and Penal Codes. But the new legislation does not give enough importance for the security of the sufferers and eyewitnesses to trafficking. Nigeria has also endorsed the Protocol to stop, curb and penalize trafficking in persons particularly women and girls but are yet to sanction it."
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