| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "NATURE JUSTICE": |
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The Nature Of Justice, 2007.
Compares ancient philosopher Marcus Tullus Cicero's philosophy on the nature of justice with that of modern philosophers such as John Rawls and Martha Nussbamu
1,174 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper compares ancient Roman politician and philosopher Marcus Tullus Cicero's philosophy on the nature of justice with that of modern philosophers, John Rawls and Martha Nussbaum. The paper looks at Rawls' and Nussbaum's theories of justice and expands upon their social contract theory to examine how to better preserve justice in a modern nation, balance the rights of the majority and the minority and create a more economically balanced society.
From the Paper
"Nussbaum's fundamentally distinct nature as a thinker is in her stress on women as a category. Even in traditional societies, they cannot be viewed as fundamentally distinct from men. Individual women can choose to live in a traditional manner but this does not mean that the state can justify limiting gender equality because the majority of women might wish to do so. Thus, again like Rawls, she believes that strict utilitarianism or democracy is not feasible. But Nussbaum does not limit her discussion redistributing the economic resources of the nation like Rawls; she also focuses on the nation's political resources or human rights."
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The Nature of Justice, 2002.
A definition of justice as it relates to war.
3,090 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
To gain insight into the nature of justice as it relates to war in the 21st century, this paper uses three books that review its role: Michael Walzer's "Just and Unjust Wars"; Michael Howard's "War in European History"l and Kauppi and Viotti's "The Global Philosophers: World Politics in Western Thought".
From the Paper
"Walzer is unique in that he portrays war as a matter of morality, when conventionally it is almost always thought of as a matter of interest. In his book, Just and Unjust Wars, Walzer attempts to make a distinction between ?the good fight? and other kinds of fighting. War has been traditionally thought of as force employed in the interest of those that possess the power and will to successfully employ it. However, because the soldier in the battlefield faces uncertain death, moral arguments are necessary to compel him to fight unless his ability to vanquish is consummate; plunder seldom befits a coffin."
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Divine Justice vs. Human Nature, 2002.
Takes a look at how Dante and Boccaccio make opposing arguments on the issue of divine justice versus human nature.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates Dante?s and Boccaccio?s opposing views concerning whether the importance of God?s divine justice outweighs the innate human qualities present in all peoples. Using the example of how each portrays members of the clergy in their works, Dante?s preference of divine justice emerges, as does Boccaccio?s preference of human nature.
From the Paper
"Dante and Boccaccio disagree on the issue of divine justice versus human nature. In The Divine Comedy: Inferno, Dante employs Fortune to prove the importance of divine justice. As a creation of God, Fortune operates strictly within the will of God, enhancing Dante?s depiction of God?s omnipotence. Dante also illustrates the importance of God?s divine justice through the various people the pilgrim meets in the circles of the Inferno, specifically members of the clergy. In sentencing these men to hell, Dante demonstrates the fair and impartial manner in which God judges all people. He points out that God does not favor the clergymen because of their church titles, but judges all people according to the same moral and religious standards. Boccaccio, on the other hand, utilizes the same constructions in The Decameron, but uses them to contradict the previously accepted philosophies set forth in the Inferno. Boccaccio presents Fortune as God?s enemy, a power that provides earth with more than it needs."
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Criminal Justice and Restorative Justice, 2008.
An examination of the literature related to restorative justice in the criminal justice system from the years 1996 to 2006.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the content of peer reviewed articles published within a ten-year period, from 1996 to 2006. It focuses on the criminal justice system and its experiences with restorative justice. The paper looks at the values that researchers have that drive investigation during any given period, as seen in the examined articles. The paper also identifies gaps and trends in research during the specified period.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Purpose
Hypothesis
Strengths/Weaknesses
Methods
Data Collections
Results
Method
Variables - Independent and Dependent
Statistical Analysis/Means/Mode/Median
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Given the evidence provided from this study the researcher finds the following true. Hypothesis (1) - proven true, given restorative justices seems to be the more commonly used tool for rehabilitating criminals in the population specified. Other data collected from the content analysis however suggests hypotheses (2), suggesting less relapse is likely among participants engaged in this form of justice remains questionable. Further research is needed to establish or refute this hypothesis, given changing trends in criminal justice and criminal behaviors in the future. Overall, the researcher argues despite some comments to the contrary, restorative justice, which aims to involve victims in the rehabilitation process and encourages convicted criminals at a young age to rehabilitate and participate in their community, remains an effective form of justice."
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Justice Delayed, Justice Denied, 2008.
An analysis and comparison of Constance Curry's "Silver Rights" and Tim Tyson's "Blood Done Sign My Name".
866 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper compares Constance Curry's book "Silver Rights" to Tim Tyson's book "Blood Done Sign My Name". The paper relates that Curry's work is a tale about the ability of the human spirit to overcome and triumph negative forces of racism and mistrust, whereas Tyson's work, in contrast, is about how South Carolinian blacks, long socially and legally oppressed, eventually used street violence to ensure that the violence done unto them was punished.
From the Paper
"Silver Rights specifically grapples with the complicity of the state's legal system in African-American disenfranchisement. When Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was enacted as part of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 it prohibited "discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance" and its implications for student education were profound ("Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 2007, U.S. Department of Justice Website). In an attempt to circumvent the strictures of the federal law, the state government of Mississippi passed a "Freedom of Choice" law."
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Sense and Nonsense about Criminal Justice, 2008.
A discussion, based on S. Walker's "Sense and Nonsense about Crime and Drugs", of the political nature of criminal justice in the United States and empirical evidence that should be used in making it independent.
3,477 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the link between the criminal justice system and politics in the United States. It suggests that independence for the criminal justice system would have to be paired with strict oversight, but could permit the development of new criminal justice policies that were based entirely on the empirical evidence and not on the political ideologies of politicians. The paper bases its arguments on "Sense and Nonsense about Crime and Drugs" by S. Walker.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most significant reason why criminal justice policies have had such limited effect is because they have not been based on available evidence and rigorous testing. Evidence-based policymaking is only recently coming into its own in the United States. This trend in criminal justice is perhaps the most important one to date. It should be encouraged without question. Evidence-based policymaking will help actors in the criminal justice system to sort through the current policies and weed out the ones that simply do not work to reduce crime or, worse, actually have an adverse effect on the goals of the system. Additionally, this approach to criminal justice can help design new, more effective, policies that are based on sound science and evidence instead of wishful thinking and faith in commonsense metaphors. It short, the lack of evidence-based testing in the criminal justice system has been a major factor in the limited effectiveness of existing policies. Incorporating empirical evidence and testing into the policy process will improve the quality of criminal justice policies in the future."
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Plato?s ?Republic? and Justice.
A discussion on Plato's idea of the perfect 'form' or ideal of justice as defined in his work, ?Republic? .
753 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how justice is ultimately an unknowable concept if we accept Plato's ideas of 'form' or the essential nature of concepts. It looks at how ,in the "Republic", Plato presents several intelligent and well-thought-out discussions about the nature of justice and how he refutes the arguments that justice is simply rewarding friends or asserting the interests of the strong. It examines how he ultimately concludes that the goal of life is the pursuit of what is just and that a just life makes man happy.
From the Paper
"Eventually, Plato (through the voice of Thrasymachus) argues that justice is essentially asserting the interests of the stronger. "I believe that Periander or Perdiccas or Xerxes or Ismenias the Theban, or some other rich and mighty man, who had a great opinion of his own power, was the first to say that justice is 'doing good to your friends and harm to your enemies" (Plato, The Republic). Thrasymachus notes fiercely that injustice benefits the ruler completely, while Sophocles argues that true rule is just, thus offering unity, harmony and strength. By the end of the discussion, Thrasymachus has been convinced that the just man is happy, while the unjust man is unhappy."
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A Restorative Justice System, 2008.
This paper explores the need for a restorative justice system to take the place of the existing criminal justice system.
2,746 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper explores why the public seems to have low levels of confidence and trust in the justice system and the extent to which community residents participate in justice initiatives. The paper examines the potential and the limits of restorative justice as a mechanism and discusses increasing community and citizen involvement in the justice process. The paper clearly shows the evidence that approaches to justice in our modern Western society are ineffective. The paper explains how the criminal justice system ignores the public's role in addressing crime, and thus alienates the community. The paper concludes that future approaches to justice should revolve around a restorative system as opposed to a criminal justice system.
Outline:
Introduction: The General Public and the Criminal Justice System
Why the Public Seems to Have Low Levels of Confidence and Trust
in the Justice System
The Extent to Which Community Residents Participate in Justice
Initiatives
The Potential and the Limits of Restorative Justice as a Mechanism
For Increasing Community and Citizens' Involvement in the Justice Process
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Evidence shows that public confidence and trust in the criminal justice system is low. In Canada, a recent survey revealed that most citizens were dissatisfied with the government's response to crime, even though they found no fault with the police themselves (p. 64). It appears to be the criminal justice system itself that dissatisfies the public. Canadian citizens are dissatisfied with the performance of the criminal court, the prison system, and, in particular, the parole system (ibid). The same findings tend to be replicated in studies of other Western countries, such as the U.S. and Europe (p. 65)."
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Restorative and Retributive Justice, 2004.
An analysis of the differences between restorative and retributive justice and their impact on the American justice system.
3,058 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how different theories of justice prevail at different times and how two of these can be termed restorative justice and retributive justice. It looks at how, stated simply, restorative justice emphasizes rehabilitation, while retributive justice emphasizes punishment. It attempts to show how the conflict between these two theories marks much of the history of American justice and continues to shape penal policies today.
Outline
Introduction
Punishment and Crime
Restorative Justice
Retributive Justice
Current Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Punishment in itself is a problem and has been since the beginning of human society. Some people today see punishment as a vestige of the human past that should have been left behind when human beings came out of caves and formed a social order. These people feel that today we should substitute measures that do not involve cruelty to our fellow man. Others believe in punishment as a retributive instrument and feel that punishment can be used against anyone who breaks the laws of God or Man. Packer (1968) writes: "I think both are wrong, although the danger of the moment is that we will overuse the criminal sanction, not that we will abandon it" (p. 3)."
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China and Its Criminal Justice System, 2008.
A discussion of China's criminal justice system and the legal process involved in extraditing American criminals to the US for arraignment.
9,905 words (approx. 39.6 pages), 35 sources, APA, $ 201.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the criminal justice system of China. It includes such elements as a brief identification of the geographic, historical, political and cultural nature of China. It also examines China's criminal justice system, its development, organization and how it deals with crime. In addition, the paper also takes a look at China's criminal justice system through a hypothetical setting, Jamal T. Kurk. Jamal's background is explored to assess what he did, and the charges brought against him. To conclude, the paper offers a solution to the United States Attorney to allow Kirk to be successfully arrested and extradited to the United States for arraignment. Several appendices, which contain relevant maps, tables, charts and pictures are included with this paper.
Outline:
Introduction
China's Criminal Justice System
Politics
Political Parties
History
Cultural Nature
Development
Organization
How China Deal with Crime
Legal Rights
Crime in China
Legal Age of Responsibility
Punishments
Sentencing Process
Types of Penalties
Prisons
Crime Statistics
Extradition Laws and Treaties
Hypothetical Scenario of Jamal T. Kurk
Counter-terrorism Efforts
Additional Challenges
Interpol
Red Notices
Recommendations
Conclusion
Appendices
From the Paper
"In the past, there was no jurisprudential distinction between criminal and civil law. Civil disputes dealing with land and family matters were generally settled through mediation. In traditional China, the emperor was vested with judicial, executive, and legislative powers. The laws created by the emperor were binding on all of his subjects, but the same law did not bind the emperor. The emperor was the supreme judicial power, and as such, could modify the judgments given by lower judicial authorities, determine the guilt of accused individuals, and dictate the penal sentence."
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Justice in Drama, 2003.
Examines the conflict between human justice and justice of the gods in three works.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces an analysis of this theme in Sophocles's "Oedipus Rex", Euripides's "Hippolytus", and Shakespeare's "Hamlet". It examines characters who follow preordained paths.
From the Paper
"Justice in drama is generally divided into two sorts-human justice and the justice of the gods-and often the two are presented as being in conflict. This can be seen in different ways in the works of Sophocles, Euripides, and William Shakespeare."
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Justice in "Republic", 2002.
Examines the resemblance between justice in the individual and justice in the city in Plato's "Republic".
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
It is clear that for Plato the parallel between the individual and the city was much more than a simple question of resemblance or a useful illustration or metaphor for his text. Rather, as this paper will argue, making the association between the two allowed him to not only justify the rule of his ideal city by philosopher kings, but also to illustrate the social and political power dynamics of his ideal city.
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Vigilante Justice, 2005.
A paper on vigilante justice, one of the most controversial issues in today's criminal justice system.
1,714 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the author examines the topic of vigilante justice, defines and presents the history of the issue, looks at current examples of vigilante justice and shows how the courts have ruled on previous cases of vigilante justice.
From the Paper
"Although many people may be confused with the term "vigilante," I believe that after learning a little about the term they will be able to personally relate to the topic. According to a scholarly article found at http://faculty.ncwc.edu, the word vigilante goes back to Spanish origin and means "watchman or "guard." Usually when it is said that someone is taking part in vigilante activity, it means that they are taking the law into their own hands. After completing my research, I have found that this is probably the most commonly used definition when defining vigilante activity. I feel this is an incomplete definition that does not cover many other aspects of the concept. To add to this misrepresentation, most people who have an opinion of the topic are only able to warn of the consequences or dangers of vigilantism without understanding or explaining why it occurs. Out of all my criminology classes I have completed over the last two and a half years, I have only attended one which discussed the issue openly and appropriately. So it is easy to see why people have little knowledge of the issue when we as criminology majors rarely discuss the issue in detail."
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Women in the Criminal Justice System, 2004.
An analysis of women in the criminal justice system from female offenders to female criminal justice professionals.
1,402 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the treatment of women and girls in the criminal justice system. The paper evaluates the recommendations of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration Task Force on Women regarding female offenders, female crime victims, and female criminal justice professionals. The paper describes the nature of the changes that have been taking place regarding gender bias and inequality within the justice system.
From the Paper
"The criminal justice system provides training to police and law enforcement agencies, prosecutors and judges (Legal Defense and Education Fund 2004). The New York State Police Academy, for example, trains its criminal justice professionals through a week-long Sex Offense Seminar. They are taught how to investigate sex crimes; collect evidence from crime scenes; interview suspects, surviving victims and other witnesses; obtain expert testimony; gather and present forensic evidence; screen for drug-facilitated sexual assault and similar crimes; observe Departmental protocol for crime investigations; recognize trauma syndrome and the surviving victim's emotional needs and rights; and coordinate with crisis programs, health care personnel and related agencies (LDEF)."
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The French Justice System, 2008.
A look at the justice system in France.
2,717 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper offers both an overview of France's geography and political structure and a profile of the economic, social, political and economic situation. The paper briefly looks at the nature and extent of France's crime situation and then examines the French justice system; the legal tradition of France, the police forces and the court system. Finally, the paper discusses justice relations between France and the US.
Outline:
France: An Introduction
Present Crime Situation
The Justice System
France and the United States: Justice Relations
From the Paper
"Republique Francaise (French Republic) is the official designation of the French nation, whose history and culture is known the world over. France as most people know it is a country that produces excellent wines and cheeses, has a language that belongs to the romantic languages, and whose capital city - Paris - is known as the city of lights and have been written about as one of the most quixotic and passionate cities in the world. Although ultimately a victor in World Wars I and II, France suffered extensive losses in its empire, wealth, manpower, and rank as a dominant nation-state."
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