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The Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, 2003.
A look at the development of the U.K. asylum policy from its inception in 1970's to the most recent amendments in 2002, highlighting the most significant impacts on asylum seekers today.
11,371 words (approx. 45.5 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 223.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to identify the shortfalls of the 2002 Act and its inability to revolutionise the asylum system in the U.K. In particular, it focuses on the adverse impact it will have on current and future asylum seekers in respect of their entitlements to welfare support and benefits. It provides a full background of the development of U.K asylum law in order to identify the route it has taken to reach its current position and investigates the reasons why the government is demonstrating a more restrictive approach to asylum policy. It then concentrates on the failings of the previous asylum policies discussed and examines why there was a significant need for reform. It critically analyses the government?s proposals for reform, identified in the White Paper ?Fairer, Faster, Firmer? in 1999 and also introduces a summary of the changes implemented by the subsequent Immigration and Asylum Act 1999. The next part identies the failings of the 1999 Act, in particular highlighting the controversial issues surrounding refugees entitlements to receive support and thenl introduces the proposed changes to the 1999 asylum system and present the revolutionary reforms for 2002, allowing particular consideration to the changes to the support system and the controversial issues surrounding the accommodation centre proposals.
Outline
The Background and Development of U.K .Asylum Policy
The Reform of U.K. Asylum Policy
The Failings of the 1999 Asylum System
The Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
Poverty in the Asylum Support System
Accommodation Centres
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legislation was constructed purely from a political perspective, which provided only for interim measures such as initial arrival and detention of the asylum seeker, the appeals process, and procedures which were to follow once the asylum application had failed. Both the 1993 and 1996 Asylum Acts failed to take into account any welfare entitlements which should be made accessible to the asylum seeker, and failed to take into consideration the likelihood that the asylum seeker would be likely to remain in the UK for several months whilst his application was processed and would therefore require a significant level of social assistance. In effect the UK asylum policy did little to help the asylum seekers in need of support and protection and has endured extreme criticism. The law of asylum should function so as to ensure the fair, efficient, and effective assessment of asylum claims, instead of following a purely exclusionary regulatory strategy based on a deterrence and punishment model of asylum policy."
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Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002, 2006.
An analysis of the benefits and hardships on small businesses of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002
3,487 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the impact of the act on small businesses. As part of this review is an outline of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and an exploration of the importance of Sarbanes-Oxley conformity on the market and economy. It looks at the cost of implementation of internal controls and audit fees, provides a review of fraudulent behavior and a review of prior academic research. It also discusses the impact of Sarbanes-Oxley on small businesses and what, if any, is being done to help the small business community to conform to the new regulations.
Outline
Overview of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)
Which Companies Need to Comply With Sarbanes-Oxley?
Why is The SOX Act of 2002 Significant?
How Can SOX Help Small Businesses
Information Technology Solutions for SOX Compliance
What is the Impact of SOX on Smaller Businesses?
Is There Any Help for Small Business Compliance?
Are There Significant Findings in Academic Research?
Finally - Fraudulent Behavior
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the main focal points of SOX is to bring back investor confidence by forcing corporate accountability and giving the corporations the mechanisms to do so. Investor confidence is extremely important for the survival of the economy. As investor confidence declines so does the stock market and as a result we will also see a decline in the economy's health. When investors lose confidence in the market, consumers tend to spend less and less on big ticket items such as putting off buying a new car.6 If the economy continues to lose confidence the lack of big ticket purchases and the undervaluing of stock will begin to hurt businesses. "
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Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002, 2008.
A critical review of Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002 to assess its success.
1,960 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the events leading to the creation of the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002 and its major features. The author conducts this investigation within the contextual framework of well-known companies Symbol and WorldCom, which were publicly identified as companies that had compliance issues and faced serious failures in corporate governance. The paper also uses the CareNetWest situational analysis for a comparative analysis of risk management and other compliance issues related to the Symbol and WorldCom scenario. The paper concludes that SOX has been able to alleviate or at least deter poor financial reporting that either directly or indirectly had the objective to defraud individuals.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Preceding the Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Symbol and WorldCom
Outcomes of the Compliance Issues with Symbol and WorldCom - Understanding Sox
Will the Act Be Successful - Avoiding another Symbol and WorldCom?
Comparative Analysis: Compliance Issues with CareNetWest, Symbol, and WorldCom
Conclusion
From the Paper
"WorldCom were the main companies that led to the severe need for SOX. WorldCom in 2002 was fined by the Securities Exchange Commission, after it was found that the company improperly booked $3.8 billion dollars over five years that made revenues looked better than what they were and was used to 'trick' shareholders and investors with a blatant misrepresentation of the company's finances. WorldCom's actions were unethical and purposefully did not account for true cost and expenses which severely overstated profits."
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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 2004.
Discusses the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which was designed as a response to the wave of corporate fraud cases that riddled the corporate landscape in America in 2002.
5,095 words (approx. 20.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that was enacted in order to rectify the constant corporate scandals, fraud, and failures sweeping across the United States. The paper discusses the purpose of the Act, outlines its contents, explains exceptions to the Act that apply to foreign companies, and includes a timetable chart for its implementation. Issues such as independence and corporate responsibility, independence within the accounting profession, accountability and disclosure, and how the Act affects banking organizations that are non-public are also discussed in this paper.
From the Paper
"The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is aimed at private companies by definition, as Section 108 on Accounting Standards implies. However, despite this seemingly straightforward definition, non-public banking companies are finding themselves under the jurisdiction of the Act based on their former standing with regard to SEC and FDIC regulations."
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The Immigration Act of 1924 and Racism, 2002.
This paper discusses how the themes of racism and immigration in the United States relate to the Immigration Act of 1924.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In addition, this paper discusses how the themes of racism and immigration are reflected in the television show "COPS" and how this example shows the continuance of these themes in American society today.
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Albert Johnson and the Immigration Act of 1924, 1994.
An examination of the role of the Washington congressman in the passage of the law restricting immigration. Includes his life and career, provisions, racial philosophies and economics.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 25 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"Albert Johnson and Immigration Act of 1924
This paper will discuss the role of Albert Johnson, a congressman from the state of Washington from 1912 to 1932, in the formulation and passage of the Immigration Act of 1924. The first part of the paper will briefly examine the life of Johnson, up through the time he was elected to Congress. The second part of the paper will discuss the background to the racial philosophy behind the immigration laws passed in the early 1920s. The third part of the paper will discuss the passage of the laws themselves, concentrating upon the passage of the Immigration Act of 1924.
Albert Johnson was born in 1869 in Springfield, Illinois. Soon after his birth, his parents moved to Hiawatha, Kansas, where his father farmed and ran unsuccessfully for district judge. "
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Immigration and Anti-Immigrant Fears, 2004.
This paper looks at the role of immigration and anti-immigrant fears in America.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the role of immigration and anti-immigrant fears in American politics in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The writer looks at the volume and character of immigration and its economic impact. The writer discusses big city machines, Red scare and Palmer raids. Further, the writer examines how immigration became a major factor in American national politics.
From the Paper
"Immigration developed as a major factor in American politics during the late 19th century, due to the large scale of immigration, the new and more diverse origins of the immigrants and the resulting social and economic tensions. Immigration contributed to the growth of big-city political machines and after World War I fear of immigrant radicals triggered the first great Red scare in American national politics. Thus, immigration and the fear of immigration and immigrants played a major role in ... "
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Immigration and Immigrants, 2002.
This paper discusses identity theory as a concept in sociological theory as related to immigration and immigrants.
1,158 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper applies the identity theory to the case of immigration in the United States. It asks if the United States should continue to allow Immigrants to enter the U.S. seeking refuge and citizenship, when the nations states are already overly populated? It questions whether immigrants should be allowed to enter the U.S. and work when there are hundreds of citizens and native-born Americans already unemployed and desperately searching for work. It uses these questions as example of the conflicting messages immigrants and their children face in modern day society, and explains how they add to the increasingly complex problem of finding identity in a torn nation.
From the Paper
"The United States is world known for its ethnic diversity, due in part to the immigration allowed over several years. Many people however, fail to find a means to foster inter-racial and ethnic identities, thus causing much conflict and a lack of a uniform sense of identity. The social issue relates to finding a common identity in a nation of multi-ethnicities. Children of immigrants are now coming of age, and from a social psychological stand will make the most lasting impression on society. The character of society will be shaped by their experiences."
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Immigration Reform and Control Act, 2008.
An analysis of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 and how changing laws in state and federal immigration reporting requirements will impact company human resource offices.
5,861 words (approx. 23.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. It specifically examines the burden and the critical role of human resource staffs in complying with the rules and laws that were put into place with this act. Finally, the paper discusses the expectations that have been placed on human resource staff in hiring and managing their personnel. It also looks at how compliance with current and changing laws in state and federal immigration reporting requirements will impact employer human resource offices. A glossary of terms is included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1 - Introduction
The Role of Human Resources in a Business or Organization
Human Resource Personnel and Undocumented Workers
Literature Review
Books
Journals
Magazine Articles
Newspaper Articles
Web Site
Chapter 3 - Methodology
Historical Data
Compliance Audit
Walmart and Tyson Foods
Hotel Industry
Small Business
Private Employers
Existing Numerical Data
Chapter 4 - Results
Problems and Limitations
Chapter 5 - Summary and Conclusion
Index
From the Paper
"The government's ability to impose and collect fines and penalties that support its departmental operations prove to be an incentive for aggressive enforcement. Human resource personnel must be diligent in hiring practices, and ensure that compliance is met on behalf of the organization they work for. The government is not going to accept an excuse of vagueness in law and reporting requirements as an excuse for non-compliance. However, the best approach seems to be wrapped up in the I-9 form. This form seems to be more important than any other in ensuring the compliance of an organization in attempting to accurately verify the status of new hires."
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Immigration Reform and Control Act Of 1986, 1999.
Examines background, purpose, politics, provisions, effects, problems, penalties and examples.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 13 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
"The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), enacted in 1986, transformed American policy on immigration. The federal government, faced with an increasing tide of illegal immigrants entering the United States, abandoned its front-end approach of trying to control America's borders.
From the Paper
"The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), enacted in 1986, transformed American policy on immigration. The federal government, faced with an increasing tide of illegal immigrants entering the United States, abandoned its front-end approach of trying to control America's borders. In its place, Congress crafted a back-end approach that required employers to verify the legal immigration status of all new employees. Employers who failed to confirm that status or knowingly hired illegal aliens faced stiff fines and even possible criminal punishment. This paper will examine the IRCA and how American businesses have coped with the law.
The U.S. may be a country of immigrants, but it has not always put out the welcome mat for newcomers. Northern Europeans were often welcomed, while Southern Europeans were frowned upon ..."
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Immigration in the European Union, 2002.
This paper discusses immigration and asylum laws in the E.U.
8,276 words (approx. 33.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 176.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the immigration and asylum laws of the European Union with a special explanation and discussion on the status of third-world country long-term residents and their families. In the brief introduction, the paper describes the origin and history of migration and the scenario of present day immigration. A literature review related to the various proposals constituted by the E.U. and comments on these proposals is presented. The paper ends with a brief conclusion derived from the facts and discussion on the subject.
From the Paper
"Undocumented immigrants have been the victims of police abuse, racial and ethnic discrimination, and violations of women?s and children?s rights (AELC, 2002). It is clear to policy makers that the EU needs to address these issues in the formation of new policies that they are considering. At this time, policies regarding illegal immigrants are not uniform and there are many differences in the way individual countries handle the situation. The AELC contends that any human being, regardless, of legal immigration status is entitled to at least some basic human rights."
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The 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2004.
This discusses the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which was created to make companies more accountable.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (July 2002) is a weak attempt by Congress and the Securities and Exchange Commission to make meaningful changes in the oversight of public companies. The paper relates that the future of the accounting profession will be different under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act because auditors will report to an audit committee, not management; auditors will no longer be allowed to offer many non-audit services to the client; and the lead audit partner and audit review partner must be rotated every five years. The author has serious reservations regarding whether or not Sarbanes-Oxley does enough to change the underlying root cause of accounting irregularities and believes that more research is needed.
From the Paper
"Although many department chiefs already are stepping up Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance activity throughout their organization, most say they feel like they are just going through motions. And, few finance executives believe Sarbanes will do much to restore investor confidence. In a PricewaterhouseCoopers survey, eighty-four percent of executives reported that Sarbanes has changed control and compliance practices at their companies?though not significantly. And, more than half contend the new law simply formalizes what their company had been already doing anyway."
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Race and Immigration in Early 20th Century America, 2008.
A discussion of race and immigration in late 19th and early 20th century America, focussing on the case of "United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind," and the 1924 Immigration Act.
1,498 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a national debate regarding the immigration of several ethnic groups to the United States led to two major legal decisions, Thind v. United States (1923) which attempted to clarify the "Meaning of White," and the Immigration Act of 1924. Thind, a native inhabitant of India, was found ineligible for American citizenship because his physical appearance was "distinctively different" from what was defined as being white. The writer explains that this and many other racially-biased opinions were further propagated and supported by the Immigration Act of 1924. The paper concludes that, although the act was revised in 1952, it nonetheless strengthened purely racially-based viewpoints on people from different cultures and on immigration into the United States.
From the Paper
"In essence, the racial/immigration debate in American society in the early days of the 20th century centered on one very simple question--what exactly is an American? With the first question, part of the answer appears to revolve around labor and employment, for in 1908, Samuel Gompers, one of the founders and original leaders of the AFL (American Federation of Labor) points out that white Americans were losing thousands of jobs to Asians, especially the Chinese and those whom he calls "Mongolian." Gomper's main argument is that "Mongolians" have made it nearly impossible for white Americans to obtain jobs involving menial labor, such as working in a factory or some other type of industry that manufactures household goods and clothing."
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American Immigration, 2002.
An overview of issues pertaining to American immigration such as illegal immigration and American immigration policy.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper will focus on a series of issues. Initially, the question of illegal immigration and undocumented aliens will be considered. Subsequently, broader reforms to American immigration policy will be considered. Essentially, it will be argued that illegal immigration and the employment of undocumented aliens is a problem that needs to be addressed while the assertion that immigration in general is problematic will be dismissed. America has historically been a nation of immigrants and it can continue to be so. However, illegal entry must be controlled.
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Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2005.
An discussion of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, also known as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002.
714 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), a federal law that was passed largely due to accounting scandals involving several large, publicly-held companies, two of which were Enron and WorldCom. The act is also referred to as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002. The paper maintains that one of the more important provisions of the act was the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), whose five board members are appointed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and are responsible for overseeing the public accounting profession. SOX, and the subsequent PCAOB, have sought to dramatically reduce the impact of corrupt business practice, primarily through tougher regulation of accounting and auditing procedures and mandatory involvement by two of a corporation's top officers. The paper concludes that, while many would not consider it the ideal solution, ethical behavior must often be legislated.
Outline:
Auditors
Corporate Officers and Directors
Disclosure Requirements
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Potential loopholes aside, auditors are now held to a much higher standard legally. Vast restrictions are placed on the number and type of services an auditor may perform in addition to the act of auditing. This makes considerable sense, given that an auditor that provides accounting consultation services to a corporation would be far more inclined to act in a biased manner when auditing his own work. The restrictions are numerous, but the intent remains the same; to preclude any perceived or actual conflicts of interest where the auditor-client relationship is concerned."
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