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The National Labor Relations Board, 2001.
A look at unfair corporate labor practices and the role of The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to administer the appropriate laws.
3,233 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper relates to unfair labor practices that develop in corporations, contracts and professional athletic teams. The paper encompasses the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and why it disciplines and acts upon violating industries and associations. The composition examines five cases and one law review article. Through these cases, comparisons and dissimilarities between the disputing parties are investigated to demonstrate how the NLRB resolves these conflicts. In addition the cases are compared and contrasted to each other to explain how each individual case is unique in its unfair labor practice.
From the Paper
"The NLRB is acronym for the National Labor Relations Board. The NLRB was formed in 1935 under the Wagner Act and it guarantees non-supervisory employees the rights to self organize, choose their own assembly, and bargain collectively. The National Labor Relations Board is an independent administrative agency authorized by the Wagner Act of 1935 to oversee the laws, to investigate and hold hearings on unfair labor practice complaints, to issue cease and desist orders against employers discovered guilty of unfair practices, to determine the composition of appropriate negotiation units, and to oversee union certifications and decertification secret ballot election."
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National Board Certification for Teachers, 2005.
An assessment of National Board Certification as a professional tool for improving the quality of the teaching work force.
5,478 words (approx. 21.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
Is certification a means by which we can improve the education of our nation's youth? Or is it a bureaucratic nightmare that will not only stifle teachers' creativity, but also their ability to earn a living, thereby further jeopardizing our educational system? This paper researches the issue thoroughly, presenting all viewpoints associated with national board certification for teachers in America.
Table of Contents
Chapter One - Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Objective
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms
Chapter 2 - Review of Literature
The History of National Board Certification for Teachers in America
How Does Certification Work?
What is the Current Certification Political Mood in America?
Does Certification Truly Make One a Better Teacher?
Chapter 3 - Analysis
Chapter 4 - Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"America has many challenges to face in the 21st century: Currently, we're embroiled in a war against terror which seems to have a greater scope and grip internationally everyday; we're struggling with income disparities that are among the most egregious in our nation's history; violent crime in America is unique in the industrialized world; and AIDS, teenage pregnancy and other social problems have established that they are not just fleeting problems. But perhaps the greatest challenge facing America today is the state of our education system. Ambitious projects such as No Child Left Behind establish the fact that education is on the forefront of our goals, and may now have the attention of the current administration too."
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FLRA vs. NLRB, 2006.
An overview of the similarities and the differences of the Federal Labor Relations Authority and the National Labor Relations Board.
2,202 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper defines the FLRA and the NLRB and explains how and when each organization came into being. The writer explains that their fundamental purpose is to provide a mechanism for resolving conflicts between labor and management in an orderly fashion, while protecting the rights of employees to either engage in union activities or refrain from them. The paper shows that the reason the FLRA came into existence was because the NLRB did not serve government workers. The paper explains that it is questionable that the boards are fulfilling their intended roles as neutral agencies with the aim of ensuring that employee choice is realized. The writer explains that the unfair labor practices in the FLRA are taken to court to decide their outcome. In conclusion, the goal of any reorganization of the NLRB is to ensure impartiality in the handling of both the charges filed before and actions subsequently taken by the Board, in order to restore public trust in the institution.
From the Paper
"In its statutory assignment, the NLRB has two principal functions. The first applies to situations in which a union represents thirty percent or more of any group of employees covered by the National Labor Relations Act. The board conducts secret ballot elections, to determine whether or not these employees wish to be represented in collective bargaining proceedings. The second is to prevent and remedy unlawful acts, commonly referred to as unfair labor practices (ULP) by either employers or unions. Under the provisions established by the NLRB, any individual or labor organization may file a charge alleging unfair labor practice with them. Subsequent to the filing of any charge, the board goes through a step-by-step process in order to arrive at a resolution. When unfair labor practice charges are filed, an investigation for determination of probable cause is conducted. Any charges found to be lacking in merit, are dismissed, although dismissals may be appealed to the office of the General Council in Washington, DC Should the Regional Director find reasonable cause to concur that a violation of the law has been committed, a voluntary settlement is initially sought to remedy the alleged violations. For all settlement efforts that prove unsuccessful, a formal complaint is then issued, bringing the case before an NLRB judge via hearings. Written decisions are issued by the judges, which are subject to appeal by the five-member board in Washington for final agency determination. This decision is not final however, as it can be submitted to the U.S. Court of Appeals for review."
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The League of Nations and the United Nations, 2005.
This paper discusses the participation of the U.S. in the League of Nations and the United Nations as an element of the American national interest.
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the U. S. failed to support the League of Nations, America supported the United Nations because the supreme national interest of America was to obtain a world atmosphere in which the United States could grow its inner social values devoid of undue commotion or danger from the outside. The author points out that collective action via the United Nations instead of unilateral action was considered politically viable on key political issues. The paper concludes that the League of Nations and the United Nations disappointed hopes the following the two world wars because, in no way, can they be an autonomous political power; at best, the U.N. is a mirror image of the opposing interest of autonomous states.
Table of Contents
Introduction
America's Rejection to Support the League of Nations
The Historical Background
The Fundamental Principals that Lead to the Rejection of the League of Nations
America's Support for the United Nations
Using United Nations to Achieve the Goals of American Foreign Policy
The Fundamental Goal of Military Security
The Fundamental Goal of Political Security:
The Fundamental Goal of Stability and Welfare
The Fundamental Goal of World Order
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the United States of America the major disagreement on both the groundwork venture and the refined Covenant of the League of Nations had been on the base that the League would function as an intrusion with the sovereignty of America and with the Monroe principle, that it concerned desertion of the traditional American policy, which had not been in favor of entrapped coalitions, and that the government did not have the power, within its Constitution, to insert such an agreement . Independence has revealed to be just so much freedom of action on the behalf of countries as is coherent with their responsibility, within international law and principles, to authorize the application of uniform independence or freedom of action by their sister countries. The League agreement had assured all States in their application of this sovereignty free from coercion by other Countries, and he who desires more is actually in search of the authorization thoughtlessly to ignore these commitments -- to refuse, for instance, the fair rulings of a properly established tribunal -- which is the German perception of independence."
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Nationalism and the Founding of Nations, 2007.
A discussion of whether it is nationalism which engenders nations or the opposite.
1,990 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper argues the case in favor of the stance that nationalism engenders nations, and not the other way around. The paper points out that there has yet to be any real consensus reached among historians regarding this question. It asserts that a large proportion of this debate relies on the context in which the argument is made, i.e. the time-frame and historical references used. Furthermore, definitions of the terms "nationalism" and "nation" vary from one source to another. The paper attempts to define these key terms. The interaction between nations and nationalism is analyzed using the nationalist movement of eighteenth and nineteenth century Germany as a reference point. The paper concludes that analyzing the origins of the nationalist movement illustrates how nationalism preceded the nation.
From the Paper
"It has already been said that a nation is not something overly definitive, so how can we justify its existence? It is generally accepted that any nation of people exists because that certain group of people have something or some things in common; race, language, culture, history etc. But it is inadequate to define a nation by describing it as an entity in which all individuals share common characteristics, because there will always be exceptions to the rule. Yet, if we try to define a nation using only a single rule, e.g. the necessity of a shared culture, then we narrow it down to too fine a focus, and potentially exclude a large number of people who identify themselves as being part of that nation. Renan, for example, championed heritage and the shared "heroic past" of a people as the only required component of a nation."
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League of Nations and the United Nations, 2005.
This paper compares and contrasts the League of Nations and the United Nations.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer compares and contrasts the League of Nations and the United Nations as international organizations formed to maintain peace and international cooperation. The writer discusses the League's role in reducing international tensions and its limited effectiveness. Further, the writer discusses the complexity of the United Nations as an organization.
From the Paper
Inis L. Claude stated that 'One World' is in some respects an idea land an aspiration born of modern interpretations of ancient moral thoughts and of rational estimates of the requirements for human survival. Both the League of Nations and its successor the United Nations were created as international organizations with a vested interest in maintaining the peace, preventing war, creating a mechanism or set of mechanisms for international cooperation and diplomacy and otherwise serving as trustees of ... "
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Nation - Nation State, 2002.
Defining the difference between a nation and a nation-state.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
Even though these concepts seem very similar, this paper uses contemporary examples to show the difference between a nation and a nation-state. It discusses the history of Zionism, the "Nation of Islam" quest by African-Americans, and the ongoing wars in the Balkans. It also looks at different factors taken into account when defining these concepts - religion, history and culture.
From the Paper
"Defining the difference between a nation and a nation-state can seem more like a bit of philosophical hair-splitting than a useful distinction for a political scientist to make in analyzing the present global situation. However, to better understand the assumptions that underline the terms of ?nation? and ?nation state? it is useful to unpack such concepts before passing judgement on what is a nation or a nation state in the real world of lived political existence."
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Nationalism and the Modern Nation State, 2004.
A comparison of Umut Ozkirimli?s work, entitled "Theories of Nationalism: A Critical Introduction" and Stuart J. Kaufman?s "Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War".
842 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines these two writers' views on nationality and concludes that, although Kaufman is more inclined to speak of ?hatreds? rather than ethnic identities, Kaufman also, like Ozkirimli, stresses the importance of understanding the emotional significance of ethnic and national identity when constructing a nation state, rather than the idea that ethnicity exists as a linear, enclosed historical trope within definable and easily recognizable boundaries;ethnicity is ?felt,? rather than historically in evidence, for both authors.
From the Paper
"The overview present in Umut Ozkirimli?s analysis is a warning not to dismiss the importance of nationalism, and also a caution not to accept certain groups? claims to nationhood wholesale and at their face value, as the concept of what constitutes ethnicity shifts and changes, depending on individual?s particular political alliances in a particular historical context. Ozkirimili?s work has a far more dispassionate tone, in contrast, to Stuart J. Kaufman?s Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War. Kaufman?s work, in contrast to Ozkirimli, is more stridently prescriptive in nature. However, Kaufman is also more rigorous in his use of international political theoretical frameworks to justify his suggestions to policymakers."
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Quebec Nationalism vs. Canadian Nationalism, 2006.
A discussion on why nationalism is stronger in Quebec than it is in the rest of Canada.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
It is very clear that nationalism is stronger in Quebec than it is in the rest of Canada. While Quebec remains a province of federal Canada, the question of seceding from Canada and becoming an independent country is never far from the agenda of most politicians in Quebec, and generates immense patriotic fervor throughout Quebec. This factor makes Quebec entirely different from other Canadian provinces. For example, we never hear talk of British Columbia seceding from Canada and becoming the Republic of British Columbia. In order to understand this peculiar situation, this paper investigates Canada's past and, specifically, the history of Quebec with Canada.
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Labour's Labor, 2006.
A review of an article discussing the impact and damage of WWII on the British economy.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how following World War II, the British economy, its social structures, and its infrastructure, were all considerably damaged by the years of war over the European continent. Unions, as Dorfman points out, entered the post-World War II era as one of the nation's policy focal points in what would otherwise have been a political vacuum (par.1). It further discusses how in the decades following the war, Unions provided the citizenry, in the form of workers, with adequate representation within the structures of government and ensured that many policies and programs were enacted that would ensure not only work related rights and assurance but also social programs. The Unions within Britain for three decades held considerable sway over policy decisions as well as policy formulation.
From the Paper
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Two Nations Within a Nation, 2002.
A justification for slavery.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that slavery was good for blacks. The author explains that the moral justification to slavery used by Southerners was that there was an inherent 'inferiority' in dark-skinned peoples. This meant that 'superior' races had a legitimate right to control them as they saw fit.
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Clinton and Labor, 1993.
An examination of the Union's role in the President's economic plan, discussing the National Labor Relations Board, business vs. labor, strikes and retraining.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 15 sources, $ 87.95
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From the Paper
"The development of a new economic policy requires that the role of organized labor be given its due. A Democratic administration is in power now and, in contrast to the previous Republican one, holds a position of respect among labor's representative organizations, the unions, who have felt sorely the neglect of the past 12 years (Bernstein, "Guarded Smiles" 104). The opportunity to use that spirit of cooperation is now.
Historically, the Democratic Party has enjoyed unilateral labor support since the 1930s and Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal programs: the strong, pro-labor stance of the National Labor Relations Act (1935) gave credence to the Democratic-liberal message of a society where money is not the only thing that matters in the process of political action. The 1980s, however, saw that alliance erode, a consequence of two factors ..."
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Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, 2003.
An overview of the examining board of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award.
1,596 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, which is administered through a complex set of processes under the management of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. It looks at how it was set up as an opportunity to examine an organization critically and identify strengths and opportunities in order to improve the company's overall quality. In particular, it discusses how serving on the Baldrige Award committee can be a rewarding experience in someone?s career. Through the experience, people will be able to strengthen their ability to assess an organization, receive valuable training, and develop analytical and consensus building skills that can be applied to their own organization, as well as many others.
Outline
Introduction: How Did It Start
Criteria for Performance
Administration of the MBNQA
Board of Overseers
Board of Examiners
Judges
Senior Examiner
Examiner
The Selection Criteria
Criteria Expertise
Depth of Experience
Specialized Expertise
Examiner Skills
Final Selection of Members
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"This is the first of the three distinct groups. There are only a total of nine judges that oversee the entire process of administering the award. They must also help with the selecting examiners, review the scored applications, selecting the organizations to visit, and reviewing the results of the visit (Wadworth, p.109). Once that process is completed, they can select the organization to recommend for the Malcolm Baldrige Award. The judges are involved in the oversight of the entire process, but they do not actually get involved with the process until the many hours of work by the examiners are completed. Then it is left up to the U.S. Secretary of Commerce to make the final decision for the award after further background evaluations of the recommended organizations have been completed."
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American National Security, 2001.
An examination of the meaning and origin of "national security," the absence of geographical limits in defining national security, and a critical examination of the historical impact of American foreign policy during the Cold War (cites Chomsky extensivel
1,336 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that although the term national security, as a Cold War construct, is new, the application of power abroad, as needed by the state, is recorded even in Biblical times. The paper looks at US foreign policy throughout the 20th century, around the time of the world wars and during the Cold War. Some of the questions looked at are: How the state defines the goals that compose its national interest, the means the state selects to pursue those goals, and the state?s identification of others as friend or foe determine how the promotion of the inherently ambiguous concept of ?national security? parlays into actual policy. The paper proves that promotion of national security is the logical means by which the state?s preferences are realized.
From the Paper
"Instead, maintenance of a subservient client role for such states was sufficient; the United States would enjoy the benefits of its clients acceding to American preferences for their economic and foreign policies, without being burdened with the chore of actually administering British-style colonies. The international capitalist order, which allowed free mobility of capital, made control of large swaths of territory and people irrelevant to increasing wealth."
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National Security Strategy, 2008.
An analysis of the US National Security Strategy (NSS-2002) and the National Security Council Report 68 (NSC-68).
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on analyzing a particular aspect of the National Security Strategy, that is, NSS-2002. It uses the National Security Council Report 68 (NSC-68) as a reference point to understand the difference in the perceptions of threat facing the United States and the difference between the two policies. The connection between the two policies highlights some political, economic, and cultural realms that have been affected by the dimensions of the policy. Overall, it is clear that US foreign policy is reactive rather than preventative, since both NSS-2002 and NSC-68 were devised to counter, rather than to prohibit actions that were seen as harmful to the United States. The paper concludes that even domestic policies necessarily affect global economy, due to the integration of societies, thus careful consideration of foreign policy on use of power is imperative.
Outline:
Introduction
National Security Strategy (NSS-2002) and NSC-68: A Critical Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"What are the similarities and differences between the NSS-2002 and the NSC-68? There is the common misconception that the NSS-2002 is simple about combating terrorism. As can be clearly seen from the eight principles outlines, the NSS-2002 surpasses combating terrorism, but has an overarching aim of promoting free trade and combating all aspects of terrorism. It is necessary to distinguish between state-sponsored and non-state sponsored terrorism, so as to understand how the NSS-2002 integrates all aspects of threats irrespective or origin and devises mechanisms to combat these issues."
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