| Papers [1-5] of 5 | Search results on "MULTIPLEXING": |
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Multiplexing, 2002.
This paper discusses wavelength division Multiplexing in the telecommunications industry.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines various ways in which information is transmitted: Frequency Division Multiplexing, Time Division Multiplexing and the use of Wavelength Division Multiplexing, which uses fiber optics.
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DWDM, 2005.
This paper discusses the use of DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing) to expand telecommunications traffic.
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that DWDM carries multiple optical signals across a single fiber optic cable simultaneously, but at different wavelengths so they do not interfere with each other, thus increasing its capacity because each individual signal can be transported at a different rate. The author points out that the largest stigma attached to DWDM is that, although it is reliable, at the present time virtually no companies exist, which require the enormous amount of bandwidth the system can provide. The paper relates that long distance companies have already begun to utilize the technology because DWDM provides more complex interconnect topologies as well as bandwidth capacities, which will be able to handle the telecommunications traffic of the future.
From the Paper
"When networking was first conceived the amount of bandwidth, the average individual would use was greatly underestimated. In fact, "Most U.S. networks were built using estimates that calculated bandwidth use by employing concentration ratios derived from classical engineering formulas such as Poisson and Reeling." Essentially, this meant that the engineers who devised the first networks in the United States did not foresee the enormous influx of activity generated by the internet. Therefore, the networks were built upon the assumption that the average individual would only require six minutes of bandwidth per hour; but today, with internet traffic increasing by three hundred percent per year, individual bandwidth requirements have reached upwards of one hundred eighty minutes per hour. Not surprisingly, this has created some problems. "
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Bidirectional Fiber Transmission, 2005.
A comparison of single fiber and dual fiber realization of bidirectional fiber transmission.
2,040 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an explanation of the four common methods of providing bidirectional communications between two devices and then explains the technique of transmitting multiple optical signals on a single optical fiber known as wavelength division multiplexing. The paper concludes with a comparison of single fiber transmission and dual fiber transmission and an explanation of the advantages of single fiber transmission.
From the Paper
"Duplexing methods determine the overall throughput that is shared between the two directions of transmission: downstream and upstream. The important property of a duplex method is its ability to achieve a good distribution of high data rates for all the loops in a cable binder. If the same frequency bands are used simultaneously for both upstream and downstream transmission in a cable binder, the available capacity will be severely affected."
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks, 2005.
An examination of different aspects of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks and switches.
4,830 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks and switches including the problems associated with the old existing networks and the introduction of Broadband Integrated Networks. The paper also compares ATM networks with the traditional circuit and packet switching systems as well as discussing different categories of ATM switches and buffering schemes.
Outline
Origins of ATM
Evolution to a Broadband Integrated Network
Service Characteristics
Information Rate and Burstiness
Service Examples
Transfer Modes
Extreme Transfer Modes
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Benefits of ATM
ATM Cell Structure
Cell Size
BISDN Protocol Stack
Transmission Delay
Header Functionality
Virtual Paths
Statistical Multiplexing
Making an ATM Call
ATM Switching
Classification of Switch Fabrics
Time Division Switch Fabrics
Shared Medium Single Bus Structure
Space Division Fabrics
Single Path Self Routing Switch
Switch Problems
Buffering
From the Paper
"Asynchronous Transfer Mode is a digital technique for high speed switching. The unit of multiplexing and switching is a cell which comprises a short fixed length information packet with a fixed length header to carry signalling information. By offering access at the cell level, information from many sources with widely differing activity patterns and transmission rates can be interleaved on a single transmission link or switched through an ATM node. As in other packet switching environments capacity is used only when it is needed."
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Device Isolation of Integrated Circuits, 2000.
A definition and technical analysis, evolution of circuit design, uses, advantages, need for, oxidation, obstacles, research and review of literature.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 18 sources, $ 127.95
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Abstract
Over the years, there has been an evolution of the universal
building blocks used by logic circuit designers. In the mid 1960s, there were SSI gates; NAND, NOR, EXOR, and NOT or INVERT. In the early 1970s, MSI blocks, registers, decoders, multiplexers, and other blocks made their appearances.
From the Paper
"Device Isolation of Integrated Circuits
Overview
Over the years, there has been an evolution of the universal
building blocks used by logic circuit designers. In the mid 1960s, there were SSI gates; NAND, NOR, EXOR, and NOT or INVERT. In the early 1970s, MSI blocks, registers, decoders, multiplexers, and other blocks made their appearances. In the late 1970s, ALUs (arithmetic logic units) with on board scratchpad registers, interrupt controllers, microprogram sequencers, ROMs/PROMs, and other LSI devices up to and including a complete one chip microprocessor (control, ALU and registers) became readily available(Qian, 1997). From this the PC was born.
In the realm of microelectronics, smaller means faster."
During the last 2 decades, the number of transistors crammed onto
an integrated
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