| Papers [1-7] of 7 | Search results on "MTBE LEGISLATION": |
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MTBE and Legislation, 2002.
Examines the public debate regarding the increased use of MTBE in gasoline.
4,054 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
From the mass of regulations generated by the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act (CAA) the increased use of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as an oxygen-enhancing additive in gasoline (intended to reduce carbon monoxide emissions produced the most widespread public response and the greatest amount of regulatory and legislative reshuffling. The paper shows that from local government in Fairbanks, Alaska to the State Senate of California to the Environmental Protection Agency, citizens, legislators, regulators and various commercial interests have been involved in a struggle to determine how best to protect the public interest as regards the use of MTBE. The paper examines the issue of MTBE as a likely human carcinogen that produces significant reductions in carbon monoxide emissions, but is sometimes claimed to be an airborne health hazard and has been definitively shown to contaminate water supplies.
From the Paper
"The drawbacks of ethanol are relatively minor. It increases emission of the toxic pollutant acetaldehyde, but still produces overall reductions in air contamination, and, in water, it increases "the solubility of other gasoline contaminants' plumes allowing the to spread further." Ethanol's principal drawbacks are economic. It cannot be practically transported by pipeline and is only practically produced in areas where the raw materials are readily available, i.e., the Midwest. Since 74 percent of the demand for RFG and oxygenated fuels is on the East and West coasts, and ethanol is also more expensive to produce because it "requires additional processing to meet the volatility requirements" of RFG, its use would probably increase the costs of cleaner-burning fuels considerably. The Clinton administration, not unsusceptible itself to agricultural interests, proposed that the EPA require that "at least thirty percent of oxygenates in gasoline be renewable," which meant, in effect, a mandate for higher ethanol use since it is the primary fuel additive considered to be renewable, i.e., derived from organic sources. But the fate of ethanol will probably not be decided for some time as the debate over MTBE continues."
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EPA?s Problematic Position on MTBE, 2006.
An assessment of the ineffectuality of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in monitoring the usage of the gasoline additive MTBE.
5,140 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the Environmental Protection Agency's problematic position on the usage of MTBE. MTBE is a gasoline additive intended to lower air pollution, but has actually been linked to water pollution and increased rates of cancer. The author provides a scholarly and scientific review of the EPA's regulatory power, the usage of and dangers from MTBE, and the EPA's position on MTBE past and present.
Introduction
MTBE A Problem for the Entire EPA
What is MTBE and Why Was Its Use Mandated by the EPA?
MTBE: Human Health Effects
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"According to the Environmental Protection Agency MTBE is an ether compound made by combining methanol and isobutylene. The methanol is typically derived from natural gas; isobutylene can be derived as a byproduct of the petroleum refinery process. Now that the EPA is considering either reducing the amount of MTBE that can be used in gasoline over a period of time, we need to ask the question why did the EPA permit the use of the chemical in the first place?"
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MTBE, 2005.
"This paper examines the legal issues surrounding the use of the additive MTBE, methyl tertiary butyl ether, a synthetic chemical mandated for use a...
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 11 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
"This paper examines the legal issues surrounding the use of the additive MTBE, methyl tertiary butyl ether, a synthetic chemical mandated for use as a gasoline oxygenate. The additive has the effect of reducing carbon monoxide emissions by assuring more complete fuel combustion. The additive is used because of growing public concern over air quality. However, the fact that MTBE is effective in reducing automobile emissions has been overshadowed by the fact that the substance is now found more frequently in groundwater and surface waters across the United States. "
From the Paper
Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is a synthetic chemical mandated for use as a gasoline oxygenate. The additive has the effect of reducing carbon monoxide emissions by assuring more complete fuel combustion. The additive is used because of growing public concern over air quality. However, the fact that MTBE is effective in reducing automobile emissions has been overshadowed by the fact that the substance is now found more frequently in groundwater and surface waters across the United States. Because of this unintended consequence, and because of the health hazards posed by the MTBE itself, regulators became more concerned about the environmental impact of MTBEs. Such an impact occurs for several reasons: M MTBE tends to degrade very slowly. M Due to the dipole nature of its ether bond, it is highly soluble in water. M It does not easily absorb onto the aquifer matrix. M Retardation of MTBE is therefore minimal.
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MTBE and Water, 2002.
Evaluates the threat that MTBE poses in contaminating drinking water.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper will attempt to give a context to the current controversies surrounding the potential toxicity of MTBE, particularly to drinking water. As in most debates concerning toxins and their apparent effects (or lack of effects), the two or more sides involved draw upon their socio-political agendas, as well the scientific data. This is neither clearly beneficial to the conflict, nor a deterrent from it. However, this paper will attempt to show in the concluding remarks how scientific enterprises are never absolutely objective themselves. There is ample room for scientific error and this is why, when a substance as fundamental as water is involved, it may be prudent to err on the side of doubt where the data seems to be inconclusive.
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Methyl Tort-Butyl Ether (MTBE), 2003.
Discusses public and government response.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, $ 119.95
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Abstract
Examines the controversy over the addition of MTBE to gasoline to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Discusses MTBE as a human carcinogen, the contamination of water supplies, health risks, and the goal of the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act.
From the Paper
"From the mass of regulations generated by the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act (CAA) the increased use of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as an oxygen-enhancing additive in gasoline (intended to reduce carbon monoxide emissions) has been the result ... "
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Pollution Roulette: Methyl Tertiary Butyl-Ether, 2006.
Examines the dangers of Methyl Tertiary Butyl-Ether (MTBE) in our drinking water.
3,772 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), methyl tertiary butyl-ether (MTBE) has been used as a component in gasoline blending since the 1970s. Water contamination problems have developed in areas where the chemical is used. Common sources of water contamination by MTBE include leaking underground gasoline storage tanks, components of gasoline distribution systems, leaks and spills from above ground fuel storage tanks and watercraft. This paper discusses the potential health hazards presented by the presence of MTBE in drinking water, the programs in effect, as well as the research being conducted by government, industry and private organizations to help manage the use of MTBE in the United States.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Controlling Legislation
Recent Legislation
Health Effects of MTBE in Drinking Water
EPA MTBE Program at Charnock
Reformulated Gasoline
"60 Minutes" and Other MTBE Press
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In October 1996, following the shutdown of the City's Charnock Wellfield, the Southern California Water Company ("SCWC") (another company which supplied water from the Charnock Sub-Basin), closed its wellfield in the sub-basin in order to avoid drawing the contamination toward the SCWC Wellfield. Prior to this shutdown, the Southern California Water Company's two operating municipal supply groundwater wells provided a significant percentage of the drinking water for approximately 10,000 residences and businesses in Culver City and since 1996, the City of Santa Monica and Southern California Water Company have purchased replacement water from the Metropolitan Water District."
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Water Quality, 2005.
This paper examines the state of water contamination in two bodies of water associated with the San Francisco Bay.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the state of water contamination the San Pablo Bay and the Sacramento River, which are two bodies of water associated with the San Francisco Bay. The author points out that both of these bodies of water are analyzed for the state of lead, MtBE and copper contamination. The paper relates that potential or existing management options are discussed.
From the Paper
"The Sacramento River and the San Pablo Bay are currently home to numerous contaminants, including Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MtBE). These contaminants, which originate from various sources, affect the health of wildlife, as well as the health of people who enjoy the wildlife resources in the area. The San Pablo Bay, one of five interconnected bay sections making up the San Francisco Bay, receives downstream waters from the Sacramento River, connecting the study and health of both waterways. The levels of contaminants must be monitored to maintain water quality and the health of the environment in the Sacramento River Basin and the San Francisco Bay region. Management options are underway and guidelines for contaminants exist but they must constantly be reevaluated to best combat the threats such contaminants pose to the area."
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