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The Mother Narrative and the Puritan Agenda, 2004.
Compares two critiques of Mary White Rowlandson's "A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson".
1,371 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper compares Parley Ann Boswell?s critique of "A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson" with Deborah Dietrich?s critique. The paper looks at how Boswell emphasizes the "mother narrative" aspect of the story, whereas Dietrich chooses to show where Rowlandson and the Puritan agenda conflict. The paper concludes with the author's opinion of the story and the critiques of the story.
From the Paper
"Parley Ann Boswell?s critique of A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson focuses on the ?mother narrative? (Boswell 2). According to the Puritan hierarchy, all of creation is ranked according to their value and Rowlandson?s children?s worth is less than her own worth. Therefore, she has to deemphasize her relationship with her children in order to retain her Puritan philosophy (Boswell 4). Boswell states that although Rowlandson has to diminish her relationship with her children it is an actual personal story of the struggles that she and her children encountered. Boswell states that Rowlandson?s will to live is based upon the fact that she is trying to protect her children (Boswell 4). She bases this argument on the events that take place when she is first captured and her will to survive. Rowlandson had previously stated that if she was in this situation hypothetically that she would rather die, yet when faced with the circumstances she cannot make any other choice except to live. Rowlandson states her reason for choosing to live is because of the fearful weapons the Indians have, however Boswell says that is just a Puritanical cover up (Boswell 4)."
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Capturing Stereotypes Through Puritan Narratives, 2000.
An examination on how early American settlers portrayed Native Americans in a bad light.
3,166 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 91.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that captivity narratives written by early settlers of America succeeded in conveying unfair stereotypes about Native Americans. These narratives recorded the captives' physical, mental, and spiritual experiences. The paper examines the reasons for these abductions, circumstances and experiences of those who were abducted, with a specific analysis of how the autobiography "Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson" perpetuates the conveyance of stereotypes about Native Americans.
From the Paper
"Throughout the history of Colonial North America, Native Americans have been portrayed as evil and heathen in many ways. The Native Americans were depicted as evil and soulless; a race beyond any reason that delighted murder of innocent Christians. One such way is through the writing of ?captivity narratives,? whose purpose was to record the captive?s physical, mental and spiritual experiences as they journeyed through the unknown. Captivity narratives also served a purpose in that they led to reflection on the meaning of life and helped shaped the expectations of any other unfortunate settlers who might find themselves in captivity at some time (Ebersole 20). These accounts of captivity became stories to be told and retold in order to reflect upon the situation forced upon the captive and, for the Puritans, to reflect in God?s grace at having delivered them from the hands of these ?savages.? These narratives were unfortunately never objective or neutral in any way, as they always portrayed Native Americans as creatures with no souls whose sole purpose in life was to distribute pain and suffering to those who were God-fearing; they were thought of as instruments of the devil. In this way, captivity narratives succeeded in conveying unfair stereotypes about Native Americans that have not (until recently) been overcome."
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"Mother to Mother", 2004.
An examination of the book, "Mother to Mother", by Sindiwe Magona.
1,057 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a critical analysis of the book, "Mother to Mother", by Sindiwe Magona. The book, "Mother to Mother", is a touching and elegant story of race relations and misunderstanding in South Africa. The paper explains how the author bases her book on a true incident, but looks at it from the eyes of a mother who loves her son but recognizes his inadequacies. It states that the book is a devastating look at apartheid, violence, and anger in a society long split between black and white.
From the Paper
"This emotional book looks at both sides of a young white woman's murder in a black township in South Africa. The book begins with the haunting line "My son killed your daughter" (Magona 1), and that line grabs the reader from the beginning, and makes them want to learn more about the two families and their responsibilities to themselves, and the their community. The book covers only two days chronologically, but the author skillfully uses flashbacks to look back on her life and the life of her son, to illustrate the hatred and violence at work in South African society that created such a "monster" as her son and the other killers. The mother is not unaware that her child has turned into something she cannot control, but she is also aware that the lifestyle of poor blacks in a dominant white society has been the spark that created the fire under the murderers. Coming from a life without hope, how can they see anything else for themselves?"
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Analysis of the "Captivity Narrative" by Mary Rowlandson, 2002.
A narrative of Mary Rowlandson, a symbol of the New England Puritan Experience, during King Phillip's war of 1675.
3,290 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the construction and meaning of Mary Rowlandson's famous Captivity Narrative, first published in 1682 which tells how she was held captive during King Philip's War of 1675 by Algonquin Indians. The author explains how her autobiographical narrative reveals her religious fervor and struggles, within the context of New England Puritan thought. Within this paper on the Captivity Narrative, there is an analysis of Calvinist thought, and insight into White New Englander prejudices against the Algonquin Indians, and how those prejudices were influenced by a loathing of the Catholic Church.
From the Paper
"Mary Rowlandson was captured by the Indians from her home in Lancaster, Massachusetts, during King Philip's War of 1675. She wrote a narrative about her captivity and "restoration" which was so widely read that its popularity lasted for another century and more, after its first publication in 1682. Rowlandson's captivity narrative was reissued in Boston in 1770, 1771, and 1773, and it was also released many more times in various colonies and states during the 19th century. (Slotkin: 1973, p. 96). Thus it became one of the most representative documents by which white New Englanders remembered King Philip's War. But just how representative was Rowlandson's narrative, when it came to the realities of the conflict, on both sides, Puritan and Indian? Having been trapped in the wilderness as a prisoner of war, and surviving, Mary Rowlandson saw herself as spiritually renewed and redeemed. While many of the events in her account are probably true, her narrative is still somewhat mythical and shaped, both consciously and unconsciously, to fit her religious and cultural ideals. "
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Rowlandson & the Puritan Viewpoint, 2007.
This paper discusses the Puritan way of thinking about salvation and race as exemplified in Mary Rowlandson's "The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson".
1,152 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses the Puritan way of thinking about salvation and grace that is echoed within the end of Rowlandson's distinctly Puritan captivity narrative, "The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson". The writer points out that Mary Rowlandson's quest for self-analysis and self-revelation, within her autobiographical account of her time in captivity, centers on her individual relationship to God, before, during, and particularly after her ordeal. Further, the writer notes that Mary Rowlandson's account of her ordeal at the hands of Indians, and her survival of that ordeal, is in fact as much about how God helped her through the experience as it is about the experience itself.
From the Paper
"Of central importance to Puritanism, as illustrated within the writings of John Winthrop; John Edwards, Mary Rowlandson, and others, is the idea of God's divine authority over human beings on earth, and, consequently, the importance of seeking salvation and grace, in both detailed personal and religiously abstract ways, through both individual and collective earthly deeds. The Puritans studied closely, and sought to obey, in individual ways and as a united group (see, for example, John Winthrop's "A Model of Christian Charity," a sermon delivered on the way to the New World, in which Winthrop stresses the importance of working as a united group toward salvation and grace), the words of God, as expressed within the Bible."
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Kai T. Erikson's "Wayward Puritans", 1994.
This paper examines Kai T. Erikson's "Wayward Puritans": Puritan moral structure related to 20th Century American culture, deviance and witchcraft and the role of religion and Bible.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This study will examine Kai T. Erikson's "Wayward Puritans". The examination of major ideas in the book, subtitled "A Study in the Sociology of Deviance," focuses on the Puritan moral philosophy in relation to American culture today; the relationship between Puritan "crime waves" and deviancy; witchcraft; and the role religion played in the Puritan response to deviancy.
To Erikson, the Puritan ethos was based on a simpler and more direct way of seeing and experiencing one's relationship with God. This world view "suggested revival more than reform" (46), although there were elements of reform involved. The Puritan ethos saw the Church as an institution which was an obstacle to be changed if the individual ever hoped to have a direct experience of God. According to this ethos, the Puritan ... "
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Restructuring the Inner Mother, 2004.
A look at the influence of drama-therapy treatment on female adolescents at risk who have adopted parental-maternal roles.
26,358 words (approx. 105.4 pages), 36 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the influence of drama-therapy treatment on the change of roles among female adolescents who have adopted parental-maternal roles as a result of their being daughters to mothers whose functioning was significantly deficient. The role theory by R. Landy represents a theoretical basis of the research work. It begins with a personal introduction that describes a journey for discovering the different faces of the mother figure as they were internalized, and then it surveys the relevant theories. Among others, it examines the different roles of the mother, presents theories from the field of object relations, describes the archetype of the mother and its meanings according to Jung, and combines them with the drama-therapy treatment theory, especially the role theory. The last chapter is dedicated to presenting conclusions and reservations. The paper combines detailed descriptions of group treatment and uses a research population that includes girls who are disadvantaged and at risk and who were sent to treatment at the young girls? unit of social services.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Personal Journey
Internal Journey ? Discoveries and Metamorphoses of the Internal Mother
Theoretical Literature
Introduction
The Essential Roles of the Mother and their Influence on Normal Development: Winnicott
The Mother as an Object (Positive and Negative Aspects of the Mother Figure)
Different Essential Functions of the Mother (Different Theoreticians)
The Mother as a Generating Factor According to Bollas
The ?Mother Archetype? and Her Dual Characteristics (K. Jung)
Different Types of Mother Complexes in Girls (K. Jung)
The Role Theory in Drama Therapy
The Individual as Receiver of Role
The Individual as Taker of Role
The Individual as Player of Role
The Role System
The Role Theory and its Application in Drama Therapy
Application ? Treatment Theory
Individual Treatment ? Background
?The Parental Girl? And Sub-Roles ? Individual Treatment
Working With a Therapeutic Group ? Resuscitation of the Mother?s Different Aspects on the Therapeutic Stage
Split Processes
Discussion and Conclusions
Conclusions
Reservations
My Personal Learning
From the Paper
"The central role of the mother or her replacement during the first two periods is to be holding environment. Wincott meant the holding around the routine of treatment of the baby that includes adjustment to the psychological changes related to the baby. From the psychological point of view the holding mains supporting the ego of the baby before the integration of the ego is created in him. The held baby feels that he has a protecting security net and this way he has the feeling of being and going, feelings that represent the basis of a strong self. The main role in holding is to protect from and reduce the intrusion from outside (including that of the mother). Since these disturb the baby?s tranquility and he experiences them as trauma, the baby has to react, which removes him from the feeling of being in which he is found."
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Growing Up Without a Mother, 2007.
A creative essay describing the author's experience of childhood without the presence of a mother.
1,877 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 60.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author describes her life, particularly childhood and early adulthood, without a mother. The author's mother died when she was an infant, and this essay explores the impact of a motherless life. In particular the author emphasizes her feelings of being different and how perhaps life could have been had her mother been alive. The author also describes her feeling of anger toward her mother for dying. The author concludes with her own experiences of being a mother and the impact the loss of her mother had on her adult life.
From the Paper
" I reached an age when my body started to change, and I had no woman to talk to about it. I was frightened at first and very confused about what menstruation meant, although I was pretty sure it had something to do with being female. I didn't know how to handle periods. If I had had a mother, she could have explained things to me. I tried once to approach my father, but he was embarrassed and said maybe I could get a book from the library that would explain things better than he could. Because he was so embarrassed, it made me embarrassed to ask the librarian for a book. It was nice of him to make the suggestion, of course, but it didn't make up for lack of a mother. "
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"Wayward Puritans", 2004.
An analysis of Kai T. Erickson's "Wayward Puritans: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance", looking in particular at the social-control approach of the Puritans.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces and discusses "Wayward Puritans: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance" by Kai T. Erickson. Specifically, it presents an extra chapter to "Wayward Puritans", demonstrating how the study illustrates the social-control approach to deviance. The Puritan society of early New England is an excellent example of how a small society carefully controlled deviant behavior that frightened them.
From the Paper
"Fearful of witches and the black arts, the society encouraged members to turn on each other in the name of "confession." Erickson writes, "As they [the possessed girls] became caught up in the enthusiasm of their new work, then, the girls began to reach into every corner of the community in a search for likely suspects." The community encouraged this behavior in their maniacal search for deviants in league with the Devil, and this shows how the community's beliefs and fears controlled the deviant behavior. Anyone could be accused, and so, the rest of the community had to strictly adhere to every Puritan policy, or become suspect themselves."
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Mother-Son Relationships, 2002.
A comparison of the mother-son relationships in "Hamlet" by William Shakespeare and "The Glass Menagerie" by Tennessee Williams.
1,221 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the mother-son relationship in two plays: Hamlet and his mother, Gertrude, in "Hamlet" by Shakespeare, and Amanda and Tom in "The Glass Menagerie" by Tennessee Williams. It demonstrates how the two plays and the characters of the mothers are quite different and how, in "The Glass Menagerie", Tom is able to brush off his mother?s domination after too much struggle. On the other hand, Gertrude is unable to dominate Hamlet, even though she tries. It also shows how Tom?s relationship with his mother is that of an irritated son who cannot stand his mother?s meddling, whereas Hamlet?s relationship is based on revenge and hatred.
From the Paper
"Hamlet is one of Shakespeare?s most popular tragedies written in around the 1600. The play is a melodrama of revenge, secrecy, madness and conspiracy. It revolves Hamlet, a prince of Denmark who?s life is filled with tragedy. Initially he loses his father and while on the verge of recovering from this loss, he sees his mother Gertrude, marrying his Uncle Claudius within two months of his father?s death. The shock of his mother?s behavior is unbearable for Hamlet as he goes into severe depression and termed by some as complete madness. He fails to continue his studies and because of his mental state, his mother does not allow him to leave Denmark till he is completely stable."
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"Mother Tongue", 2005.
This paper discusses Amy Tan's essay "Mother Tongue" about her experience as a Chinese descendant with a mother whose English skills could best be described as 'limited'.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that in Amy Tan's essay "Mother Tongue", Tan reflects on the linguistic tensions which plagued her childhood and adolescence and made her believe that her parents' broken English was having a negative impact on her performance in school. The author points out that her difficulties with English made her intensely aware of the different versions of the language she had seen, spoken and found acceptable. The paper states that Amy Tan's essay is definitely an effective and powerful statement not only on variations of English and her exposure to the same but also on class and cultural discrimination, which people encounter because of their inability to use proper standardized English.
From the Paper
"While at school, she was taught standardized English, at work and with college audience, she used similar idiomatic English, the versions she used with her mother and husband were more intimate and personal to her. This personal version she describes as simple English because it lacked vast standard vocabulary but to Tan herself, this variation was anything but fragmented. "...to me, my mother's English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It's my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, full of observation and imagery.""
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From the Puritans to Ben Franklin, 2001.
This paper compares Ben Franklin's attitude to American identity to that of the Puritans.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the early American settlers in regard to their identity. It compares the attitude of Ben Franklin and the Puritans. It surveys the history of the pre-Revolutionary Puritans and what lead to the search of their identity. It shows how Franklin was a figure who addressed all these issues and was one of the first to document them.
From the paper:
"From Puritan writings onward, and throughout all American literature, a dominant concern has been the question of identity, and/or the search for identity. Puritans, for example, sought to retain their identity and so found themselves having to escape to a ?New World? in order to preserve their convictions about God. In the end, Puritans came to view themselves as a ?chosen people? (?Introduction? 2). Benjamin Franklin, on the other hand, as one of the authors of the ?Declaration of Independence? (amongst other important revolutionary documents), helped construct a later version of the American identity as both independent and self-determining. And as he further advanced the question of identity in American letters, he helped bring to the table related notions of the ?American dream? and personal virtue. In so doing, Franklin?s vision of America was forged in ways much different than the more communal vision of his Puritan ancestors."
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"Mother and Poet", 2002.
Analysis of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's poem "Mother and Poet" and how the roles of mother and poet intersect.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses how Elizabeth Barrett Browning's "Mother and Poet" blurs the binarism of the domestic custodian and the public crusader. The very title itself blurs the boundaries between the two roles, because both of them intersect along certain lines. Each role needs the other to be effective. Isolated, each role becomes rooted in failure and tragedy.
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Puritan Theology: What You See vs. What You Don't See, 2002.
Explores the complexities of Puritan theology through two of its most popular practitioners, Mary Rowlandson and Jonathan Edwards.
1,201 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the tensions resulting between the visible world and the invisible world in Puritan theology, drawing heavily upon Mary Rowlandson?s narrative from "Colonial American Travel Narratives" and the sermons of Jonathan Edwards.
From the Paper
"In Colonial American Travel Narratives, Mary Rowlandson reveals the Puritan worldview through her narrative. Her words are infused with images of evil. In Rowlandson?s narrative, the first indication of evil to the reader is her vision of Hell, in which Indians crush the skulls of Rowlandson's family and neighbors. This evil vision continues with Rowlandson's capture and while she is held hostage. Through her choice of details and use of analogies, however, Rowlandson makes it clear that the Hell that she is describing in her narrative a distinctly New England, colonial, Puritan hell."
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