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The Montgomery Bus Boycott, 2005.
This paper discusses the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955-56, one of the pivotal events in U.S. history, which helped to ignite and shape the Civil Rights Movement.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the motivating force behind the Montgomery Bus Boycott was a lone African-American woman, Rosa Parks, who defied a well-entrenched law of the period that blacks were required to sit at the back of the bus, to enter the bus through rear doors and to yield their seats to white passengers if seating was limited. The author points out that the young Martin Luther King, Jr. was elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), an organization of the various groups that had participated in arranging the boycott, joined forces and named the organization. When it came time to elect a president, King found himself thrust into the position. The paper relates that, while the initial intentions of the bus boycott were far from revolutionary, the event gained national and international attention; not only did it elevate Martin Luther King Jr. to the position of de facto leader of the Civil Rights Movement, but also it established his doctrine of non-violent resistance as a primary method by which the movement would enact social change.
From the Paper
"On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was told to vacate her seat to allow a white man to sit down. Mrs. Parks was sitting in the eleventh row of the bus, with three other blacks also occupying seats in the row. While the other three black passengers yielded to the drivers demand, Mrs. Parks refused, and was consequently arrested. While her place in history is well established, one author pointed out that "Rosa Parks was not, as some versions of civil rights history would have it, just a simple black woman whose feet were tired from working all day for the white folks.""
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Montgomery Bus Boycott, 2001.
Examines facts & myths of 1955 bus boycott. Organizers, community context, women leaders, Martin Luther King, Jr.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction
There is sometimes the misapprehension that the Montgomery Bus Boycott resulted from the random action of Rosa Parks, a working woman who was simply too tired to budge from her seat. This is not an accurate picture of the events leading up to her actions, nor of the woman herself. In the following pages, the intention is to look at the woman and the roots of the boycott.
The Facts
The Montgomery Bus Boycott began in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955 with Mrs. Rosa Parks refusal to give up her seat on the bus to a white passenger who had entered. At that time, not only did "colored" passengers have to sit at the back of the bus, they were also required to relinquish their seats to white passengers.."
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The Long Walk Through Montgomery, 2001.
This paper describes the events leading up to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the events leading up to the Montgomery Bus Boycott, setting it in a political and historical context.
From the paper:
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a very significant event in the civil rights movement, which spanned the 1950's and 60's. Prior to the Boycott, Montgomery maintained a rigid pattern of bus segregation. Bus drivers carried guns and had police power to rearrange seating. In 1945, Alabama passed a law (reproduced below) requiring that all bus companies under its jurisdiction actually enforce segregation.
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Gandhi's Feelings on "Boycott", 2004.
An analysis of Gandhi's influence upon the proceedings of the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama, led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., through an analysis of the film, "Boycott".
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the movie, "Boycott", replays the events that became known as the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 when Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. stepped forward to lead and actively fight for civil rights. It looks at how he chose not methods of violence, but those of active nonviolence, just as Gandhi taught. This paper outlines Gandhi's influence upon Dr. King and compares the steps taken in the Boycott with those of Gandhi's method of satyagraha.
From the Paper
"The teachings of Mahatma Gandhi have influenced and touched people all over the world- no better example than Dr. Martin Luther King and the people involved in the Montgomery Bus Boycott that took place in 1955. Gandhi developed and used a philosophy of nonviolence when trying to gain independence of India from Great Britain. This philosophy emphasized truth and love but furthermore it was used as an expression of love and respect towards the enemy, without regarding the person as your enemy. Dr. King adopted this philosophy as the best way to gain acceptance and freedom of Blacks from White America in the 1950?s. One of the most historically significant examples of this nonviolent philosophy can be seen in the way Dr. King handled the community of Montgomery and directed them to boycott the buses without using violence."
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Rosa Parks: Taking a Seat Against Segregation., 2001.
This paper examines Rosa Parks and her role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Rosa Parks and her role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The author analyzes the consequences of her actions and shows how civil disobedience and the refusal to obey an unjust law, was an effective method of dissenting protest. Included is an examination of the effects of these events upon the Civil Rights Movement.
From the Paper
"In 1955, Montgomery, AL had a municipal law that required black citizens to ride in the back of the city?s buses. That year, Mrs. Rosa Parks, a forty-two year old seamstress, boarded a city bus and sat in the first row of seats in the black section of the bus. The designated white section of the bus was quickly filled and when more white passengers boarded the bus, the driver ordered Mrs. Parks to give up her seat and move back. She refused, and was arrested. When questioned about her actions, Parks replied, ?When I declined to give up my seat, it was not that day, or bus, in particular. I just wanted to be free like everybody else. I did not want to be continually humiliated over something that I had no control over: the color of my skin.? Her courageous act touched off a 381-day bus boycott led by the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. and helped spark the civil rights revolution that followed."
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Civil Rights Movement, 1997.
Montgomery bus boycott, sit-ins, role of students & media, black voter registration, major organizations & leaders, black power and legacy.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
" The civil rights movement helped prepare America to become a multicultural society. Before the civil rights movement, Americans had believed in the doctrine of "separate but equal." In demanding full integration into society, blacks paved the way for the inclusion of women, disabled people, and other minorities in the American mainstream.
The Montgomery bus boycott of the 1950s was a watershed event in the fledgling civil rights movement. For years, the city bus system in Montgomery, Alabama had been segregated. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, a black domestic worker, refused to give up her seat to a white male passenger. Parks was arrested and charged for violating a municipal ordinance. The arrest of Parks, who was a member of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), enraged the black community.."
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?Sonny Montgomery: The Veteran's Champion?.
This paper is a book review of U.S. Congressman Sonny Montgomery?s autobiography, ?Sonny Montgomery: The Veteran's Champion?.
775 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Montgomery,a veteran of WWII and the Korean War and who was awarded the Bronze Star Medal for Valor, was a congressman who represented Mississippi's Third District in the U.S. House of Representatives for fifteen terms. The author points out that Montgomery cites, as his proudest accomplishment, the Montgomery G.I. Bill that reformed the original 1947 GI Bill and extended a free college education to America?s soldiers in the nation's all-volunteer service; thus, a new breed and brand of college graduate was created. The paper relates that, despite Montgomery?s subsequent conservative agenda, he possessed a strong sense of liberalism, supporting extended benefits for those deserving men and women of society who wanted opportunities to better themselves.
From the Paper
"During his congressional experiences, Montgomery saw seven presidents come and go. Over the course of his autobiographical work, Montgomery comments on the Presidents he knew. He calls Richard Nixon unpredictable and emotional, but Nixon?s vice-president and subsequent successor, Gerald Ford, kind and easy to know. This marks Ford in direct contrast to fellow Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter, whom Montgomery never seemed to really ?bond? with, unlike the senior Republican Texan George W. ?Pappy? Bush, with whom Montgomery enjoyed a congenial rapport. In fact, although a Democrat, like many Southern ?Dixie-crats? Montgomery seemed to feel most comfortable with Ronald Reagan's terms in office."
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Montgomery County, 2007.
This paper discusses the religion and economy of Montgomery County.
1,865 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that Montgomery County was formed in 1779 from Anson County and was named in honor of Richard Montgomery who, in 1775, lost his life at the battle of Quebec in the attempt to conquer Canada. The paper discusses the various prevalent religions in Montgomery County. The paper also looks at the economy and its future prospects.
From the Paper
"Religion is more than theology or issues of faith and belief. It is as well an important aspect of the cultural life of a community. For example, in many cases people belong to the particular denomination that they grew up with in their families, especially so in the past. Because of the strong connection between religion and the community life, religious participation is often strongly associated here with the population group that first brought it here . Examples can include the Lutheran faith, in the case of the population originating from Germany and the Presbyterian faith in the case of Scots and Scots-Irish settlers. This assertion is also sustained by the recent growth of Catholic congregations, due to recent immigration waves of individuals of Hispanic origin."
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Lucy Maud Montgomery, 2009.
An examination of the life and works of author, Lucy Maud Montgomery.
1,282 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the young life and development of author, Lucy Maud Montgomery. It provides an overview of her major works, focusing on her 1908 novel, "Anne of Green Gables." The paper also discusses what influence Montgomery has had on modern Canadian literature. A table of the novels that she wrote during her career is included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The research showed that Lucy Maud Montgomery was born November 30, 1874 and died in 1942. She was a Canadian author most popularly known for her Anne of Green Gables series, but the research also showed that she was a prolific contributor to other publications such as "The Delineator" as well. While she is less well known for these works, her biographers were consistent in emphasizing her contributions to and influences on modern Canadian literature, and her childhood home has become an international tourist destination due in large part to the descriptions she communicates in her Anne of Green Gables series. Over the years, tens of millions of young readers have enjoyed "Maud's" works over the years, and in the final analysis, it is reasonable to suggest that tens of millions more will be reading her Anne of Green Gables series in the years to come."
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Propaganda Artist James Montgomery Flagg, 2002.
This paper examines the work of American artist James Montgomery Flagg.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 14 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the work of American artist James Montgomery Flagg, and also focuses upon how the use of visual propaganda helped to fuel the First and Second World Wars on both sides. Interpretations of propaganda art as noted in the work of recognized art historians and critics is also included in the discussion.
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Maureen Montgomery's "Gilded Prostitution': Status, Money, and Transatlantic Marriages, 1870-1914"., 1994.
This paper discusses Maureen Montgomery's book "Gilded Prostitution': Status, Money, and Transatlantic Marriages, 1870-1914": Reasons for marriages, socioeconomics, stereotypes, what marriages say about American and British cultures.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
This study will provide a summary and critique of Maureen Montgomery's "Gilded Prostitution': Status, Money, and Transatlantic Marriages, 1870-1914". The study will focus on the marriage aspect of Montgomery's book, emphasizing the effect of the marriages on the individuals involved, and what these marriages said about the American and British cultures.
As Montgomery declares, "The focus of this study is on American women who married British peers or the younger sons of peers" (1). While this phenomenon was occurring in other European nations, "concentration upon the British peerage . . . allows an exploration of these marriages in terms of the cultural relations between Britain and the United States" (1). Montgomery suggests that these transatlantic marriages played an important role in bringing the two countries closer together after a long period of ... "
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James Matthews' "Azikwelwa", 2005.
This paper discuses the short story "Azikwelwa", about a 1957 bus boycott in South Africa, by the South African writer, poet and journalist James Matthews.
2,458 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that James Matthews's short story "Azikwelwa" was first published in 1958, reprinted again in 1974, the year of the Mdantsane Bus Boycott, in the collection "The Park and Other Stories" and then reappeared in the journal "Grassroots" in 1982 as an example of life in South Africa and as a particular form of political and social propaganda. The author stresses that the political dimension of the story becomes evident when the protagonist, Jonathan, makes the decision to join the protest. At this point, the text stops being merely a journalistic account of this period of massive disturbances. The paper relates that the literary devices used in this short story, such as repetition, ternary rhythms, alliteration and fricatives, are unusual for prose writing, which makes the prose read more like a poem or a song.
From the Paper
"In January 1957, a bus boycott under the slogan "Azikwelwa" (or "We shall not ride") was initiated by the people of Alexandra Township near Johannesburg to prevent the imposition of increased transportation costs. In the period 1950 - 1980, many such boycotts took place and the whole transport boycott movement is often linked to Apartheid resistance. Some have also identified it as a consumer and a political protest in a period when South African capitalism was entering in a phase of economic recession. For many, it was a demonstration of working-class solidarity which began with civil disobedience but evolved into a process of creation of a collective consciousness. Hence, the massive boycotts are said to have helped in the formation of South African identity."
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Civil Rights Movement, 1997.
Origins in 1955 bus boycott, leadership & nonviolence philosophy of Martin Luther King Jr. Discusses the Brown v. Board of Education case and Malcolm X's leadership.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
The Civil Rights Movement in its contemporary form started in 1955 with an act of mild disobedience by a black woman on a bus in the Deep South. Black leaders developed several strategies over the next few years, strategies that would be successful in changing laws and in getting some of the long-standing discriminatory institutions of the South changed. Between 1954 and 1965, the Civil Rights Movement developed into a major movement for social justice, societal change, and self-determination for millions of black Americans. The tactics undertaken by the movement have ranged from violent to non-violent, with non-violent predominating under the direction of Martin Luther King Jr. and his followers. The movement started first around the busing issue in Montgomery, Alabama, but it was.."
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Civil Rights Movement, 1986.
Examines communications successes of 1950s-60s: legal appeals for justice, bus boycott, nonviolent demonstrations, sit-ins, freedom rides, marches, propaganda and use of symbols.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
" The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the civil rights movement as to the types of persuasive communication used to further the cause, and the contribution of these methods to the movement's success or failure.
The civil rights movement in the United States involved a number of different types of persuasive communication, beginning with soft-spoken appeals for justice and equality and evolving into acts of "creative dissent" on a mass scale. Indeed, the movement derived much of its vigor and forcefulness from the in-genuity of leaders. Martin Luther King, in particular, helped dramatize the plight of blacks in the United States, especially in the Deep South. Antecedents for some of the methods used can be traced to the passive resistance movement instigated by Gandhi as India struggled to win her independence from Britain."
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Boycott of Cuba, 2004.
This paper presents an overview of the U.S. boycott of Cuba.
678 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper offers an overview of the U.S. boycott of Cuba. The paper examines reasons for the boycott, evaluates the economic sanctions and comments on the consequences for the U.S. and Cuban economy.
From the Paper
"This essay reviews the trade boycott of Cuba by the United States. At the outset of this essay, two points must be made and understood. First, the boycott exists in the form of sanctions. The sanctions affect trade in that among others things the sanctions prohibit most trade between Cuba and companies based in the United States. (Thomchick Young Ruamsook)"
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