| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "MIND BODY DUALISM": |
|
|
Mind/Body Dualism, 2003.
An analysis of Descartes? mind / body dualism concept.
1,375 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper begins by stating the argument Descartes gives for a version of mind/body dualism. It then considers two objections to Descartes? argument and finally assesses the validity of Descartes? argument in light of those objections.
From the Paper
"Much of the intellectual history of psychology as well as philosophy has involved the attempt to come to grips with a dilemma of mind and body. This dilemma was eventually broken into main two opposing views: one view (dualism) proposes that our universe contains two very different and equally fundamental types of entity: mental/spiritual and physical/material items. Most followers of this view hold that human mind (or soul) is to survive the annihilation of the body. The contrasting view, materialism, on the other hand, affirms that everything in our universe is composed of mass-energy, minds and bodies included."
| |
|
Mind-Body Dualism, 2002.
An examination of the debate over dualism in philosophy and psychology.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 17 sources, $ 127.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Examines the debate over dualism in philosophy and psychology. Plato's doctrine of ideal form. Aristotle's concept of the actual & the potential. Ideas of Acquinas, Descartes, Kant. Freud's theory of human experience & behavior; his dream theory. Theories of Jung, Adler, Nagel & Churchland. Psychopharmocology & affect of drugs on mind-body split.
From the Paper
"This research examines the mind-body dualism split in the history of psychology. The research will review the philosophical background of dualism and then discuss how the legacy of philosophical dualism informed the emergence of psychological theory and its application in practice over the course of the 20th century.
What must be appreciated about the debate over dualism in psychology and philosophy is that in each of these disciplines, most answers are either partial or always subject to further debate, not only on account of conceptually creative theory but also on account of the accumulation of an increasing body of new, scientifically verifiable knowledge and information about how body and mind function. The dualism debate arose in the ancient period, not solely between Plato and Aristotle but in part..."
| |
|
Reason, Mind, Body, 2005.
This paper discusses various philosophical approaches to the relationship of reason, mind and body.
1,490 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, although reason is the primary tool of philosophers, many philosophers have differed in their opinions concerning how reason should be employed, the most centrally held premises from which all of their arguments spring forth. The author describes the Socratic Method, Cartesian Dualism founded by Descartes and post-war period philosophers who argue that there is no true distinction between the mind and the body and the physical aspects of the body is the mind. The paper concludes that the relationship between the body and the soul necessarily is dependent upon (1) the mind versus body and (2) the free-will versus determinism debates.
From the Paper
"Philosophers have also debated the elemental nature of reality. The concept of reality is particularly difficult to define by virtue of the fact that it encompasses everything that the individual experiences and knows, and everything that has been arrived at by mankind through the process of deductive reasoning. "Phenomenology is the study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view. The central structure of an experience is its intentionality, its being directed toward something, as it is an experience of or about some object." This in one view that favors the unique individual perception over some abstract encompassing view of reality, and it can be seen as a revolt from Hegel's ideas concerning reality."
| |
|
The Cartesian Mind-Body Dilemma, 2008.
An analysis of Rene Descartes' "Meditations on First Philosophy" in relation to the Cartesian mind-body dilemma.
1,448 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 48.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the Cartesian mind-body dilemma by analyzing Descartes' "Meditations on First Philosophy". The paper explains that Cartesian dualism intended to moderate between the established religious paradigm of the time and the emerging natural sciences and by positing mind and body as complete substances which refer to nothing but themselves. The paper also looks at how Descartes' theory of mind preserves the religious conception of man as an immortal soul in possession of free will by placing such outside the realm of the physical sciences. The paper points out that Descartes' "Meditations on First Philosophy" seeks to establish two distinct classes of substances in mind and extension, but fails to adequately address the manner in which these two incommensurable substances interact to generate our experience of the world. The writer suggests that Descartes conceives of the body as a 'kingdom within a kingdom' of mind, and is left with the problem of how these kingdoms are able to carry out diplomatic relations with one another.
From the Paper
"The cogito, 'I think therefore I am', delimits mind as the substance of thought, the primary existential of being. This is arrived at by proposing that there could be a malicious demon of some sort that may be propagating a vast illusion of experience, generating even our thoughts. Even in this radical scepticism, however, Descartes concludes that there must be something that this hoax is played upon, and no matter what this demon may be able to do, he can never convince something that it is nothing; "...I must finally conclude that this proposition, I am, I exist, is necessarily true whenever it is put forward by me or conceived in my mind" . The cogito, therefore, shows mind to be a substance that is necessarily true without reference to any other substance. It is the essence to which all the modes of thought refer."
| |
|
Mind/Body, 2002.
A study of mind/body controversy and the concept of philosopher Leibniz.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between mind and body, and investigate the revolutionary approach to this debate by philosopher G.W. Leibniz. The paper describes the philosophical works of Locke and Descartes, which began the long standing debate and explores the main approaches of dualism and monism to the mind/body controversy..
From the Paper
"The discussion over the relationship between mind and body that has been intriguing philosophers for a long time is divided into two broad categories: dualism and monism. According to dualism mind and body are two separate substances. There are several types of dualist views including parallelism, epiphenomenalism, occassionalism and interactionism. John Locke and Descartes are among those who laid the foundation of this idea. Whereas Locke and Descartes believed in Dualism, there were other famous philosophers and thinkers who supported monism. Monism refers to the theory that mind and body are inseparable and thus one is influenced by the other."
| |
|
Tthe Substantial Union of Mind and Body., 2002.
An analysis of Descartes's perception of the interaction between mind and body.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This essay will argue that Descartes's perception of the interaction between mind and body was such that he conceived that this interaction produced a separate, unified substance from either of its two components. Although it must be acknowledged that Descartes was often not clear on this point - hence many of the popular preconceptions on the issue of Cartesian dualism - nonetheless he can be seen to have advocated the view that a human being is a unified individual substance that is composed of two incomplete substances: the mind and the body.
| |
|
Shunryu Suzuki's "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind", 2008.
A review of Shunryu Suzuki's 1997 book "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind" plus a creative dialogue based on insights from this book.
2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 64.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The author of this paper explains that, once he learned that the beginner's mind is so important for Zen, he began to be excited about Shunryu Suzuki's book, "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind". The author describes what he learned about the book by studying its jacket cover and the illustrations on the tittle page and then relates how he was surprised to find out that the first thing the book discusses is how to sit. The paper concludes by presenting a creative dialogue, based on the book, situated at the middle class home of a Zen Buddhist named Zooey and a Jehovah's Witness evangelist named David.
Table of Contents:
Book Review
Creative Dialogue Based on the Book
From the Paper
"I decided not to worry, but to keep reading with an open beginner's mind. Perhaps if I try every day, I will become flexible enough to get into the full lotus position. I was interested to learn that Zen seems to be a religion that is focused on the body. For example, breathing is also very important. Also, Suzuki (1997) recommends that we must own our own bodies (p. 27). I think I understand what this means. I think this means to really pay attention to our own bodies. This is quite easy to do when one is in pain from trying to get into the lotus position."
| |
|
Shunryu Suzuki's "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind", 2008.
Reviews "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind" by Shunryu Suzuki and then applies these teaching to a creative dialogue.
2,255 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 69.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that Shunryu Suzuki's book, "Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind" is divided into three parts: right practice; right attitude; and right understanding.. The author of the paper then relates that a lot of Zen Buddhism is non-intellectual and hard to grasp. Therefore, she set out clinging to these basic concepts like a drowning person clinging to a life jacket. The author also claims that the book is challenging and resulted in the biggest, most significant shift in her thinking. The paper concludes with a creative dialogue, based on the book, which is a debate about the different religions of an American, Republican, born-again Christian (Andy) and an American Zen Buddhist (Mike).
Table of Contents:
Book Review
Creative Dialogue
From the Paper
"This all sounds very attractive - and makes more sense to me than suchness, thusness, or emptiness! The condition of being a roshi sounds so attractive that I can understand why people would pursue it. It offers, it seems, the possibility of living happily in the reality of the present. I therefore set out to learn the mysteries of Zen, through the answers of the great teacher Suzuki.
"In the first part of the book, I learned that according to Suzuki (1997), posture and breathing are essential in order to practice Zen. Suzuki believes that these are vital for right practice."
| |
|
"The Rediscovery of the Mind" ( John Searle ), 1994.
Reviews Searles work on modern philosophical & value systems, materialism, mind-body dualism, reason and consciousness.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
" John R. Searle's The Rediscovery of the Mind is a survey of modern value systems. Through this survey, he aims to break the shackles he perceives as binding modern philosophical thinking. Searle tilts his lance at the dominant philosophical paradigms of materialism and property dualism.
By critiquing, criticizing and overcoming both these somewhat over-rated dominant and historical theories in the study of the unconscious mind, a portrait emerges of consciousness as the most important mental phenomenon to be examined. Searle feels that only now are he and his fellow theorists just beginning to rediscover the true character of the mind.
One of the hardest challenges facing philosophers is to shed light on differences between the intrinsic world which exists independent of any observer, as opposed to those characteristics.."
| |
|
Aristotle on Soul-Body Relationship, 2000.
The philosopher's ideas on dualism vs. harmony of the mind and body, methodology, earlier theories, causes and perception.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The soul-body relationship has been addressed by a number of philosophers over the centuries an remains a key question. Plato held that the soul and body were separate and that the soul was released from the body at death.
From the Paper
"The soul-body relationship has been addressed by a number of philosophers over the centuries an remains a key question. Plato held that the soul and body were separate and that the soul was released from the body at death. In the Phaedo, Socrates first argues that death releases the soul from the body, an opportunity for the true philosopher. The body is described as a fragile thing which houses the soul only until the soul can be freed:
For the body is a source of endless trouble to us by reason of the mere requirement of food; and is liable also to diseases which overtake and impede us in the search after true being. . . (Buchanan 203).
Following both Plato and Aristotle in some degree, Boethius offered a Christian conception:
Human souls are of necessity more free when they..."
| |
|
Plato and Descartes, 2002.
Compares and contrasts Plato's account of the relationship between the soul and the body and Descartes' mind-body dualism.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts Plato's account of the relationship between the soul and the body in Phaedo with Descartes' mind-body dualism. The author's thesis holds that Descartes' theories are more convincing because he was able to draw upon a broader array of human knowledge than was available to Plato.
| |
|
Sublimation of the Body, 2006.
An in-depth review of sublimation of the body as discussed by Aristotle.
7,545 words (approx. 30.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 165.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to research the topic of sublimation of the body as discussed by Aristotle. The paper also reviews the topic from the perspective of Plato, and compares Plato's view with that of Aristotle. The paper also reviews and researches the related area of mind and body dualism.
Outline:
Objective
Sublimation Defined
Introduction
Aristotle and Alchemy: Sublimation of the Body
Literature That Discusses Aristotle's View
Plato's View
Mind/Body Dualism
The Jewish View of Dualism
The Spiritual View of Dualism
John Beloff on Dualism
Summary
From the Paper
"Aligned with the mind, 'human sense' is radiant. As organs of the flesh, on the other hand, the senses collapse into an obscuring, destructive sensuality. Sight--the sense closest to the 'mind's eye'--is both a tool for the acquisition of knowledge, and a locus of carnal desire." Stated further in this work is that in the treatise on 'Moral Philosophy' of Roger Bacon written in the mid-thirteenth century, Bacon reasoned that 'In his treatise on 'Moral Philosophy' written in the mid-thirteenth century, Roger Bacon reasoned that 'evil men lose their identity, because the identity of a thing consists in retaining its order and preserving its nature'. Sin, however, 'is contrary to the order of nature . . .' He concludes: 'you cannot regard as a human being the man whom you see transformed by vices'. (Sight and Embodiment in the Middle Ages, nd) Additionally stated is: "Because of the polluting influence of the emotions and appetites, the gods of Plato's Timaeus had 'located the mortal element of man in a separate part of the body, and constructed the neck as a kind of isthmus and boundary between head and breast to keep them apart'.12 The 'mortal element', Plato wrote, is divided in turn by the midriff (or diaphragm), according to its 'better and worse' properties; the emotions being superior to the appetite. To illustrate this idea of the properly ordered and contained body, he used the telling analogy of a house 'divided into men and women's quarters'."
| |
|
The Theory of Eliminative Materialism v. Dualism, 2000.
This paper attempts to answer major questions pertaining to minds, bodies and existence from the dualist's standpoint and the eliminative materialist's stand point simultaneously.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 57.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"The theory of Eliminative Materialism attempts to prove more about the physical world than dualism, and answers more fully questions of metaphysics concerning the point to human existence. The questions of cognitive sciences are general and particular questions addressing issues such as existence and what sorts of things can exist. Then there are the more particular questions like; Is there a soul?, What is the relationship of the soul and the human body, or the mind to the body? I will go over the major questions pertaining to minds, bodies and existence from the dualist?s standpoint and the eliminative materialist?s stand point simultaneously."
| |
|
Dualism, 2002.
Analyzes the concept of Cartesian dualism as set forth by philosopher Rene Descartes.
1,398 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Dualism is the theory that the mind and the body (mind and matter) are two distinct things. This paper examines the theory as set forth by philosopher Rene Descartes in his work "Meditations on First Philosophy" in which he discusses what has come to be called the Cartesian dualism - that the mind and body are separate and that the mind is incorporeal.
From the Paper
"Inherent in Descartes's argument is the mind-body problem and the need to understand what is the mind and what is the body as well as how they are connected and related. The mind is our awareness, the one thing that we can know is real. It is the site of rational thought. It is subject to the senses in that it acquires information through the senses, but it is not a sense in itself. Descartes says he had no doubts as to the nature of "body," though now he has had to reconsider this position given that he realizes all the elements of the body are known to him only through the senses that he does not trust any longer. He says if he had been asked to explain the nature of the body, he would have explained that it was whatever could be determined by a certain shape, and comprised in a certain location, whatever fills a certain space so as to exclude from it every other body, whatever can be apprehended by the senses, and whatever can be moved in certain ways. In truth, he is identifying the body through various characteristics perceived by the senses and in no way identifying the body itself. The mind is his awareness and his reality, but the body may be an illusion sent to deceive him. Here he shows an intuitive understanding of duality, for the mind is trusted for what it develops through reason even as the senses are linked with the physical body that is in effect fooling the mind."
| |
|
Cartesian Dualism, 2004.
This paper gives a brief outline of Descartes's interactionist dualism.
1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper describes the epistemological and ontological characteristics of Cartesian dualism. It gives a detailed outline of Descartes's view of the mind/body relationship and explains why the contemporary view of the mind/body relationship is strikingly different from what Descartes's interactionist dualism suggests. The paper begins with Descartes's statements in his "Meditations" and expresses the problems that he faced afterwards.
From the Paper
"Substance dualism holds that reality consists of two disparate parts - mental and physical - which are deeply different in kind. Descartes' mind/matter distinction, most accurately called the Cartesian interactionist dualism, is a particular kind of substance dualism in which the ?mental? mind and the ?physical? body can causally interact. Descartes (1596-1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician and psychologist, who is often considered to be the founder of the modern discipline of philosophy. He lays down the foundations of his interactionist dualist theory in his ?Meditations on First Philosophy?."
|
|
|
