| Papers [1-15] of 61 :: [Page 1 of 5] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 —> | Search results on "MIKHAIL GORBACHEV": |
|
|
Mikhail Gorbachev, 2008.
A look at the rule of Mikhail Gorbachev and the changes he made to the
international system in the 1980s.
4,072 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the era of the Cold War and in particular, the role played by Mikhail Gorbachev in influencing the course of historical events in the 1980s. The thesis is argued that Gorbachev initiated the processes that brought about the end of the Cold War not so much in response to international conditions so much as to the domestic situation in the Soviet Union - both economic and political. It also argues that he realized that immediate steps to reform were required if the Soviet Union were to meet the challenges of a new era.
Outline:
Introduction
The Soviet Union Before Gorbachev
The Domestic Climate of the USSR
Gorbachev's "New Thinking" and the End of the Cold War
Riding the Dragon of Reform
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While it is undeniable that Mikhail Gorbachev is the single most important Soviet figure during the 1980s, and arguably the personality most responsible for the end of the Cold War, his rise to power in the Soviet system represents a fascinating problem for students of Soviet history. Indeed, several years after Gorbachev had come to power George Kennan - the U.S. diplomat who had played a key role in the development of the "containment strategy" in the 1940s - was asked in a television interview how so unconventional a figure could have risen to the top of the Soviet system that had - during the long Brezhnev era - being characterized as moribund and extremely conservative. Kennan's response is illuminating: "I really cannot explain it." "
| |
|
The NEP and Perestroika: An Economic Analysis, 2005.
A comparison of the economic policies of Vladimir Lenin and Mikhail Gorbachev.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 9 sources, $ 133.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This postgraduate paper examines the NEP and perestroika. The paper discusses how Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika were similar in terms of their short term political and economic goals, for Lenin and Gorbachev both felt compelled to face economic realities. Both men were confronted by an enormous range of economic challenges, for Lenin not only had to rebuild an economy shattered by years of war and revolution he was intent upon replacing Russia's capitalist economic system with a communist economic system.
| |
|
Glasnost and Democratization, 2004.
An analysis of Mikhail Gorbachev's Glasnost and democratization under Boris Yeltsin.
2,518 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 76.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The end of the Cold War found Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin seeking solutions for problems that needed to be solved. Their attempts to reform the socialist state are reviewed in this paper, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
Outline
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Gorbachev's Glasnost
Yeltsin and Democratization
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In many ways, Mikhail Gorbachev came to power during a period in Soviet history where things had been going downhill for some time, and the Old Guard was dying off; however, the primary catalyst for reform during Gorbachev period of glasnost, or "openness," was one of economics. For example, in their book, Glasnost, Perestroika and the Socialist Community, Bukowski and Walsh (1990) report that, "The impetus for reform in the Soviet Union came from a number of directions, but the factor of fundamental importance was the economic one. Gorbachev's economic reforms are meant to revitalize a stagnant Soviet economy that has been growing at only about 2 percent annually for a decade. The reasons for the slowdown are partly internal and structural, and partly external." "
| |
|
Changes in the Russian Federation, 2005.
This paper analyzes the development of the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev, Boris Yeltsin, and primarily Vladimir Putin.
1,783 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines whether Russia, which had made significant progress towards democracy under Gorbachev, is slowly being led back to an authoritarian-like rule by Putin or whether Putin is hamstrung by his predecessor, Yeltsin. The author believes that Gorbachev made exemplary strides in taking Russia on the path of democracy. His successors' policies, however, caused Russia to take serious steps backwards in this process. The paper is especially critical of Yeltsin and Putin, citing their backgrounds and personalities as leading to the current backward trends in Russian attempts at democracy.
From the Paper
"Over the past century, the Russian Federation has undergone numerous changes in government. From a Tsarist regime in the early 1900s to a totalitarian state under brutal dictator Joseph Stalin, to its present, semi-democracy under ex-KGB leader Vladimir Putin, it's a wonder that Russia has been able to sustain its position as a world power for all these years. In the past decade, Russia had been making an effort to rid themselves of their totalitarian (and communist) past, by moving the government towards democracy, thanks to progressive leaders such as Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin. However, in recent years, Putin has strayed from the democratic path. By taking such measures as jailing his main Presidential opposition, and with the Duma, Russia's parliament, practically controlled by his party, Putin has given himself more power than his predecessors ever had. This, combined with what many call an "anti-democratic culture", has outsiders questioning whether Russia is again veering off course. The main question is whether it's solely Putin's fault for the present state of the Russian government, or if his predecessors left him with little room to maneuver."
| |
|
The Collapse of the Soviet Union, 2008.
An analysis of the factors contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Union and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's efforts to stem the collapse.
2,141 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes the main causes of the collapse of the Soviet Union, focusing on the role of the United States in its collapse. The paper looks at the final phase of collapse in the 1980s when Leonid Brezhnev died and the other factors that impacted the collapse at that time. The paper also discusses the efforts of Gorbachev to try to stem the collapse of the Soviet Union and how his efforts failed.
From the Paper
"Gorbachev realized that perestroika was bold and risky and that only time would determine its ultimate success or failure. Like Lenin, Gorbachev believed that, "sometimes you have to retreat, and then advance." But he ran out of time, in part because the new openness in the Soviet press under glasnost revealed to the Soviet people for the first time that conditions across the entire Soviet Union were shockingly bad.
"Ever since the days of Lenin, the average Soviet citizen knew that economic conditions were bad in their own village, city, or region, but the communist-controlled media prevented them from knowing that conditions were just as bad everywhere else if not even worse. Glasnost confirmed this harsh reality beyond any doubt, and created a political environment across the Soviet Union in which people were not going to tolerate communism much longer."
| |
|
U.S.-Soviet Arms Control, 1991.
A look at the uncertainties and obstacles in context of the turbulent Soviet politics under Mikhail Gorbachev. Includes strategic balance, mistrust, negotiations, the MX missle and Ronald Reagan policies.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, $ 119.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
" If I were to become Soviet president, I would
not allow President Bush to talk to me the way he
talks to the current Soviet president. Believe me,
Bush would have to take me into consideration
because I would put strategic forces on alert just
to accomplish this aim (Shogren, 1991, p. H-6, c. 1).
.. Col. Nikolai S. Petrushenko
Soviet Parliament Member
A year ago, at the height of the period of Soviet liberalization under Mikhail Gorbachev, the problem of arms control .. indeed, the entire question of American and Soviet strategic forces and the strategic balance of the superpowers .. seemed to be a has.been issue. The new democratizing Soviet Union, or post.Soviet confederation, would be America's partner..."
| |
|
Gorbachev, 1997.
An examination of U.S. - Soviet relations under Mikael Gorbachev, and the ending of the Cold War, including the reduction of nuclear weapons.
3,050 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper shows how Mikhail Gorbachev attempted to broker peace with the U.S. and it discusses his desire to see if not the complete destruction of nuclear weapons then at least a reduction in them, and a closer relationship with the U.S. that enabled a closer working partnership. Of importance, according to the author, are Gorbachev's summits held with Reagan in Reykjavik, Iceland, Moscow and in Washington D.C. The author discusses Gorbachev?s incredible popularity in the west. The paper also briefly touches on the theory that a hard line U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union was the factor in bringing about a change in the Soviet?s attitude.
From the Paper
"This theory that the U.S. forced the Soviets into reforms is a plausible, and convincing argument. However, it does not answer why that this policy had never worked before. Certainly after WW11 the Soviet Union was in a much weaker position to the U.S. both economically and militarily. The Truman administration took a hard line against the Soviets, yet they had not wavered, even though the U.S. at that time was the only nation with nuclear weapons. This theory also fails to take into account the role played by Gorbachev, nor give him the credit he deserves."
| |
|
Mikhail Kuzmin's ' Wings', 2006.
A review of the novella 'Wings' by Russian author Mikhail Kuzmin.
1,597 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 52.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks for the 'truths' in Mikhail Kuzmin's novella, 'Wings'. The paper encompasses, embodies and embraces comparative, as well as, contrasting characters, concepts, components and considerations reportedly related to the novela, ". . . the first overtly gay novel ever published." The paper explains that there is a need for research that examines and expounds on contemporary "truths," contributing to erotic and homoerotic literature, in order to delineate whether "Wings" qualifies as diabolical or divine.
Outline:
I. Introduction
Search after "Truths"
Mikhail Alekseyevich Kuzmin's Works
From the Paper
"Mikhail Alekseyevich Kuzminm, born October 6, 1872, a prominent Russian poet, playwright, and writer during the Silver Age period, prolific in multiple genres, was considered by his aficionados as one of the boldest, creative proponents of the reassessment process in Russia. Kuzmin, born into a family of the minor nobility in Saratov, near Yaroslavl, Russia, initially planned a career as a composer as he studied at St. Petersburg University. In 1891, Kuzmin became a member of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's music composition there. During his educational pursuits under Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov at the St. Petersburg Conservatory in1894, however, Kuzmin discontinued his musical education, after completing only three years of a seven-year course. During this time, however, he learned Italian and German.
The year following his withdrawal from St. Petersburg (1895), Kuzmin traveled to and throughout Egypt with his mother. After his mother returned to Russia, Kuzmin settled in Alexandria where his years in this city notably inspired his most acclaimed collection of poetry. In 1897, Kuzim visited Italy, later basing much of his 1906 novel Kryl'ia (translated in 1972 as Wings: Prose and Poetry ) on his experiences there. "
| |
|
Mikhail Bulgakov's "The Master and Margarita", 2001.
An analysis of how Mikhail Bulgakov's writing in "The Master and Margarita" portrays the themes of the novel.
2,240 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 69.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
An analysis of Mikhail Bulgakov's "The Master and Margarita". The author describes the use of structure, text and style in the novel often referred to as 'fantasy'. The author discusses how these reveal the theme of good and evil in the novel.
From the Paper
"Mikhail Bulgakov?s The Master and Margarita is a tale of black magic and of a spiritual journey. Ivan Bezdomy, whose surreal spiritual adventure, is the eye of the story?s illusionary hurricane, doesn?t even get his name in the title. This discussion, based on the premise that this is more Ivan?s story than the Master?s, attempts to track the trickery that masquerades as Bulgakov?s search for a hero. Careful analysis of structure, text and style reveals that Ivan and the Master are actually schizophrenic halves of the same character. The style in which Bulgakov chooses to write this novel, has been variously described as ?magical realism? (Grenier 286), ? bizarre phantasmagoria? (Wakeman 240), and a ?fantasy? (Calendar 76). This style is brilliantly suited to Bulgakov?s intent which is not only to satirize Stalinist Russia, but to deeply ponder the nature of good and evil and to present the union of Ivan and the Master as a foil for Satan."
| |
|
Mikhail Kuzmin And Italian Commedia Dell'arte, 2007.
An analysis of the life and writings of Mikhail Kuzmin and Italian commedia dell'arte.
983 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes early twentieth-century Russian theater and cabaret. It focuses on the work of writer, poet and playwright Mikhail Kuzmin and Italian commedia dell'arte. It provides a background of Kusmin's life and focuses on the impact of his homosexuality in his writing. The paper then describes some of his works and critics' analyses of them.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Kuzmin (writer, poet, playwright) Russia's First Openly Gay Writer
The Entire Life of the People Lived Out in the Theatre
Integration of Elements of Commedia and Reality
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The unleashed sexuality, the brewing revolution, and the overall societal shift during this period of time resulted in vivid displays of contention of the present political system at this time in Russia. Masses flooded the theaters and the theaters took to the streets as a revolutionary spirit moved in and among all in the Russian society, inciting rebellion against the status quo and in the dramatic displays in the artistic events and movement of that time period that was the driver of and to a great extent of the progression of the revolution that took place in Russian in the early twentieth century."
"Artists were given prominence among scholars and politicians however, only for a moment of time as post-Revolution thought exhibited little appreciation of those who provided such fire and energy propelling the revolution forward. The post-Revolution period witnessed the work of Kuzmin "falling out of favor with the Communists, and Leon Trotsky (1879-1940), in the work entitled: "Literature and Revolution" (1924) labeled the work of Kuzmin as "disreputable and useless." (Clayton, nd )"
| |
|
Gorbachev's Perestroika, 1992.
A look at Gorbachev's Perestroika as of 1990 including shortages, disenchantment and Yeltsin's move to oust him.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Five years after Mr. Gorbachev came to power, the Soviet economy is visibly and catastrophically failing, and Soviets are running out of patience.. Shortages, always widespread, have reached the most basic of all goods--bread. In early September of 1990, a month after Muscovites had got used to standing in line for three hours for cigarettes, bakeries came mysteriously to a halt and bread production fell by a third. Even now in large grocery stores, fewer than a dozen pitiful goods are on sale. According to a state committee that monitors the availability of 1,000 products, 996 of them cannot regularly be bought in ordinary shops..
Shortages have long been a feature of all communist economies, but they are growing worse in the Soviet Union, and living standards are falling. In the Soviet Union ownership of..."
| |
|
Gorbachev and Soviet Nationalism, 1991.
This paper discusses the evolution of Soviet President Gorbachev's policy with respect to the nationalities issue from1988-91.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 8 sources, $ 95.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"This study will contrast the policy of Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev with respect to the nationalities issue in the Soviet Union as presented in his book "Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World" and the policy that has emerged as Gorbachev responded to turbulent events in the Soviet republics since October, 1990. The study will discuss the changes that have occurred in Gorbachev's thought and actions as a result of these events.
The first observation which even a casual reader must make with respect to Gorbachev's treatment of the nationalities issue in Perestroika is that there is so little of that coverage. It might be said that Gorbachev refers obliquely to the problems of the republics and their nationalities issues when he writes with some sense of threat in his tone on the "observance of law ... "
| |
|
Mikhail Bulgakov's "The Master and Margarita", 1994.
This paper examines Mikhail Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita", a satirical portrayal of Soviet repression in 1930s, focusing on censorship of artistic and religious expression.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"This study will examine Mikhail Bulgakov's "The Master and Margarita", focusing on the the novel's portrayal of Soviet life in the period from 1929 to 1939 (that is, how citizens were expected to act, think, and express themselves). The study will discuss Bulgakov's critique of this culture, and will discuss the author's alternative to this repressive culture insofar as it is implied in the novel.
Bulgakov is interested in one specific aspect of the relation of the repressive governmental structure to the individual, and that aspect has to do with artistic creation. As the translator writes in the introduction, Bulgakov has a "lasting concern with the relation of the artist, the creative individual, to state authority, and with the fate of the artist's work" (Bulgakov xi-xii). This concern was due in part to the ... "
| |
|
Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol and Mikhail Lermontov, 1993.
A critical analysis of the Russian writers' works and their relative pessimism or optimism about Russia, society, fate and human nature.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"This study will discuss the works of Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, and Mikhail Lermontov, focusing on the optimism or pessimism of the authors as they express their views in their art.
In his verse novel Eugene Onegin, Pushkin paints a generally pessimistic view about Russian prospects, if we are to take the fop protagonist as a meaningful and representative product of that society. Pushkin certainly offers critical comments on the Russian aristocratic society of his time, but his criticism is far from stinging. He actually seems to be very fond of the society he mildly chastises, and he is certainly fond of the wastrel Onegin. It would seem that Pushkin wants us to see Onegin as an innate dandy, born to the part as much as shaped to it by a superficial and passionless society. The novel itself is painful..."
| |
|
Gorbachev and Yeltsin, 1993.
A comparison of leadership styles and the aims of the two reformist Soviet leaders.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Leadership - in the former Soviet Union and the current independent Republic of Russia - is a term that has only recently taken on a comparative meaning. Prior to the helmsmanship of Nikita Khrushchev (1953-64), the country was led by the institution of the Czarist empire (died 1917), then by the cults of personality centered around Vladimir Lenin (1917-1924) and Josef Stalin (1926-1953).. In the former case, imperial leadership was exercised primarily via bureaucratic momentum (or non-momentum, as World War I disastrously proved). Since that era, after the brief establishing rule of Lenin was succeeded by the long dictatorship of Stalin, leadership in the Soviet Union was reduced to the level of personal fiat. Policy dialogue with other national leaders, let alone political debate, was most definitely not a consideration. From Khrushchev through the..."
|
|
|
