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Mexico And Nuclear Testing, 2002. Shows Mexico's objections to nuclear testing by its sentiments towards France when the French went against the 2001 Test-Ban Treaty. 900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95 »
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Abstract Mexico's viewpoint on nuclear test banning can be seen in the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty signed in November 2001. Mexico expressed negative feelings toward France when they decided to break the treaty. Mexico does not want nuclear testing.
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French Nuclear Testing, 1999. Examines France's justification for testing nuclear weapons in the Pacific despite global and local protests. 2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, $ 71.95 »
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Abstract Mexico City is characterized as a megacity and is seen as embodying all of the ills which beset the urban environment in such a degree that it is held up as an example of what will happen if urban growth is not controlled.
From the Paper "France's Position on Nuclear Testing in the Pacific
Introduction:
Mexico City is characterized as a megacity and is seen as embodying all of the ills which beset the urban environment in such a degree that it is held up as an example of what will happen if urban growth is not controlled. Despite tremendous diplomatic protest, France went on to perform nuclear tests in the South Pacific not 6 months later in Mururoa, then again on October 2 in the Fangutaufa atoll, and had six ..."
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Nuclear Tests, 2005. An examination of the history of nuclear weapons testing in the United States and its environmental impacts. 2,345 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 72.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how, between 1945 and 1992, over one-thousand nuclear weapon tests were carried out in the U.S.A. It looks at how the poor decisions of leaders has led to one of the largest scale environmental hazards that has ever taken place and how we now need to channel energy into cleaning up the mess. It discusses how investing into technologies that will help clean up the most severely contaminated sites is key to the survival of the environment and how the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) of 1990 must be amended as well to be more inclusive of the people that weapons testing has harmed and more responsibility needs to be taken on the part of the state. This investigation follows the history of nuclear weapons testing in the United States and its environmental impacts. From site selection to pulling the trigger, the issues surrounding environmental equity and the nuclear tragedy are explored to reveal a horrifying story.
Outline
Introduction
Discussion
In the Beginning
The Dawn of the Age of Trinity
Shot Harry: A Shot to the Heart
"Downwinders": Decades After the Fact
Conclusion
From the Paper "The National Academy of Science (NAS) released a report discussing the long-term problems that downwinders will face in the present and coming years. What they uncovered is quite possibly the worst environmental hazard that has ever occurred. In some areas it has been suggested that it will take three hundred years, or more, for radioactive materials to reach safe levels and some areas may need to be under surveillance for several thousands of years (Fialka, 2000). The NAS report predicted that the long-term costs would be somewhere between one-hundred fifty-one billion to one-hundred ninety-five billion dollars and even more shocking is that some sites may never be completely clean. More problems are arising as urban sprawl continues and these areas face pressure from suburban development (Fialka, 2000)."
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Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 2002. A proposal of an empirical research design to investigate why the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) failed to be ratified by the U.S> in 1999. 3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 127.95 »
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Abstract Proposes an empirical research design to investigate why the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) failed to be ratified by the U.S. in 1999. Discusses worldwide attempts to stop nuclear arms proliferation. Resistance of other countries. Major role of U.S. politics in Congressional vote; partisanship in the Senate. Large public support for the treaty. Implications for further study.
From the Paper "Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Failure: Research Design
Introduction
An empirical research design is proposed to investigate why the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) failed the ratification vote in the United States on 13 October 1999 (Raum, 1999). For all those people who have been in a coma for the past several years, the CTBT is a broad-based treaty that was aggressively negotiated by the United States. The treaty is designed to halt nuclear weapons development by preventing the testing of nuclear explosive devices. The CTBT, thus, represents a companion strategy to attempts to stop nuclear weapons proliferation to those countries that have not already developed a nuclear weapons capacity.
A few important countries, notably among them China, have failed..."
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Comprehensive Test Ban Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, 1996. History & 1995 permanent international ratification, negotiations, nuclear & non-nuclear states, principles & provisions, review conferences, U.S. public opinion, unresolved problems. 4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 14 sources, $ 135.95 »
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From the Paper "The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was made permanent in May, 25 years after it entered into force and nearly 50 years after the United States wrought devastation on Hiroshima. The four-week NPT Review and Extension Conference, held in New York April 17 to May 12, was the largest arms control conference ever held, with 175 of the treaty's 178 parties participating ("How to," 1995, p. 28). No state got all it wanted, although the weapon states had more reason to be satisfied than the non-weapon states.
The United States, Russia, Britain, and France wanted the treaty extended indefinitely and unconditionally. Only the first part of their..."
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Anti-Nuclear Antibodies, 2004. A description of the main methods that are used to test for the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies. 884 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is a helpful marker for diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease and many others. In particular, it focuses on the alternatives to immunofluoresence for anti-nuclear antibody testing.
From the Paper "A scientist called Hargraves (1948) was the first to notice the anti nuclear antibodies in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are antibodies produced by the host immune system that attack the body?s own tissues and organs instead of foreign invading organisms and toxins. Their production may be a result of an underlying autoimmune disease. About 5% of the population have a positive anti nuclear antibody. This percentage is higher in older ages, reaching a 15% in people ages 70 to 80 years old."
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Mexico City: 2012 Olympics, 2002. Overview of Mexico City's and Mexico's economic condition and how the economic conditions make Mexico City a viable choice for the 2012 Olympic Games. 1,438 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95 »
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Abstract This paper analyzes a report, prepared by Mexico City's Olympic Economics Committee, that was written with the intention of showing that Mexico City should indeed be a candidate to host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. The paper presents evidence of Mexico City's robust and growing economy by looking at such economic factors as GDP, jobs and industries, economic outlook, and the Olympic budget.
Economic Overview
GDP
What are primary jobs and industries?
How developed is Mexico City?
What about available workers, total population, etc.?
Currency
Economic Outlook
Infrastructure
Olympic Budget
Benefits for Mexico City
From the Paper "Mexico City has come a long way from its colonial economy that was based mostly on mining, particularly silver. Today it boasts an economy that is diverse. The economy today includes strong agriculture, petroleum and industry sectors. With this diversification, Mexico City is not only the largest city in the world, with approximately 20 million inhabitants, but the city is considered the second strongest economy in all of Latin America (Mexico: Mexico City)."
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Nuclear Families, 2002. A comparison of nuclear families vs. non-nuclear families in society. 2,343 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 72.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents a detailed comparison of nuclear, traditional families with non-traditional families. The writer explores the differences and similarities between each type of family. Using a literature review and an analysis process, the writer details for the reader the things that set each type of family apart from the other.
From the Paper "It used to be the majority of families had a mother, a father and several children. If a child in a classroom came from a single parent household it was the exception and not the norm. Over the past few decades there has been a shift and there have been more single parent households created than ever before. Today there is an almost equal mix in the nation of single parent homes and two parent homes. ?The past 20 years has seen a dramatic rise in the percentage of single-parent households in the United States. In 1970, single parents represented 12.9 percent of all families with minor children present. By 1988, the percentage of single-parent households had increased to 27.3 percent, with the vast majority being single mothers (U.S. Bureau of the Census 1989).
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"Mexico Profundo", 2004. An examination of Bonfil Batalla's "Mexico Profundo: Reclaiming a Civilization" in relation to issues of gender and power in Mexico. 3,058 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 89.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses how Bonfil Batalla writes passionately about the abuses of power within Mexico in his "Mexico Profundo: Reclaiming a Civilization". It looks at how beginning with the colonization by Spain and enduring until the present, the disempowerment of the group that came to be identified as Indian has lead to an internal struggle between the imaginary Mexico and the Mexico Profundo. It explores how the misuse of power physically and psychologically has been utilized to subjugate the Mexico Profundo and to attempt to destroy what is uniquely theirs. It also shows how Batalla writes that now at the time of the collapse of the civilization project envisioned by the imaginary Mexico, an opening exists for readjusting the power balances and forging ahead with the tremendous resources available within Mexico.
From the Paper "Within the Mayan community of the Chamulas explored by Rosenbaum (1993), they have decided to have the elders of the community elect officials for their own council from those who have had positions on religious cargos and although the state?s council has final authority the Chamula?s council is able to make decisions in alignment with their value system. The Chamulas have developed a very strong cargo system and have found a way to empower themselves regarding civic politics and, thereby, have been able to feel the penetration of imaginary Mexico less than other Indian communities. Their cargo system is well structured, so although most of the people cannot afford a cargo, they can participate as assistants expanding those participating to about a thousand and, thereby, confirming the communal activity that reaffirms the Mesoamerican culture."
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American Relationship To Nuclear Power, 1988. Analyzes how the Americans' relationship with nuclear power & nuclear energy evolved from the end of World War Two through the end of the Cold War. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 39.95 »
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From the Paper "Mary W. Shelley's classic novel Frankenstein is a cautionary tale about the excesses of science in which a being is created and then turns on his creator. In the 1950s and into the 1960s, America passed through what might be called a Frankenstein-moment as nuclear power burst on the scene first as a wonder that had been harnessed by American scientists in time to end World War II and to make America a leading world power and then was perceived more and more as a threat because our enemies also had this awesome power. Americans quickly learned about the dangers posed by nuclear energy, dangers in the form not only of unimaginable destructive power but of radiation sickness and death. Science had been the promise of the future, producing marvels and improving the economy for over a century, but now science was suspect because the future it had promised was threatened by one of it (...)"
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Nuclear Weapons, 2006. A discussion, in the form of creative writing, about the use of nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 1,037 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 36.95 »
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Abstract The paper intersperses facts about nuclear weapons with a narrative from the perspective of Bob and Loretta Lehman and Laura Fermi. The writer describes what it is like to be caught in a nuclear attack. The paper explains that before the nuclear weapons were used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, there was very little testing done on the effects that a nuclear weapon would have. The writer describes the two different bombs used, one being a gun-type nuclear weapon and the other an implosion-type nuclear weapon. In conclusion, the writer expresses the feeling that it was not necessary to drop the bomb on Japan.
From the Paper "I was sitting at home, when Charles, (her son) ,came running came into the room screaming, we blew up all of Japan - this is how Loretta Lehman learned of the United States newfound power, the nuclear weapon. At first I was scared, because bob was still in Germany, but I then went and talked to my neighbors and they said that Japan was going to surrender, and the u.s. would win, that is when all my worries went away.
"Loretta's husband, Bob, was stationed in France, but was back on the U.S. side when the bombs were dropped, he had this to say. Back then, I felt that dropping the bomb was a good idea, but as time has gone on, and I have thought about it more, I am realizing some fault that could have gone along with it. After the war in Europe had ended, we were shipped to the U.S. and were going to be re-stationed somewhere in the pacific, but then [the nuclear weapon] was dropped, and the war ended. I asked Bob why he felt the U.S. felt the bomb needed to be dropped. [My company] felt that by dropping the bomb, the war would end sooner, quicker, and with less loss of life."
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Russian Nuclear Weapons: The Threat Remains, 1999. This paper details the ?disturbing truth about the safety of Russian nuclear weapons and the risk of an accidental nuclear war. 2,683 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 16 sources, $ 80.95 »
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Abstract This paper details the four threats of nuclear annihilation that the Russian nuclear program has created: accidental launch due to a malfunction, failure of the Russian early warning system, a launch of a nuclear weapon because of a rogue commander, the detonating of a stolen nuclear warhead that has been smuggled out of Russia, and the detonation of a nuclear weapon that was built with Russian fissile material. The paper also describes the meager steps that Russia and the United States have taken to prevent a nuclear catastrophe. Most importantly the paper stresses that public awareness of this critical situation is imperative to prevention of such a disaster.
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Nuclear Energy, 2005. This paper discusses that the risks of nuclear energy and its uses can be complicated and frightening; however, there are clear benefits as well. 1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that the explosion of Chernobyl nuclear reactor in the Ukraine in 1986, has left a legacy that the risks of the using of nuclear power are so negative and so intense that it is often overlooked as the powerful tool. The author points out that the public concern about the use of nuclear power is that an uncontrolled accidental nuclear chain reaction can create so much heat that it resembles some of the most destructive bombs ever made. The paper relates that, although nuclear weapons are certainly the most commonly perceived use of nuclear power, nuclear science also is used to power nuclear vessels and for medical uses such as tumor treatment and tracer techniques.
From the Paper "Of course, there are other medical uses. The benefits must be weighed in relation to the risks when deciding whether to use these medical tools. Although these benefits are clear to some, the effects of nuclear power and their resulting health hazards cause confusion for others. For example, radioactive waste is extremely toxic and is so poisonous that it can affect people 1,000 years into the future. It can damage the kidneys or lungs, and children are especially vulnerable because their cells divide rapidly as they grow. In pregnant women, it can cross the placenta into the bloodstream of the fetus. In plants and animals, the effects can be passed through the food chain. Humans take in these radioactive materials chiefly from drinking water and from plant and animal foods, including milk. Many fallout isotopes that reach the sea and inland waterways eventually end up in concentrated form in the bodies of waterborne animals and plants, becoming a source of concern when they are part of the human food chain."
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Nuclear Energy, 2002. An indepth overview of nuclear energy and its uses. 4,609 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 119.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines one of the most promising energy resources being currently explored, nuclear energy. It shows that the idea of using nuclear energy is being used to scare mankind, because at the time the only connection one had with nuclear energy was nuclear weapons. In recent years however, there have been efforts to explore the use of nuclear energy for the purpose of sustaining life. While there are questions about its safety and use, it is quickly becoming evident that nuclear energy is going to be the wave of the future. This paper takes the reader on an exploratory journey of the issues surrounding nuclear energy and the positive as well as negative aspects of the topic.
From the Paper "The first alert came by way of Three Mile Island, in Pennsylvania (Siegel, 1991). The threat of a melt down that occurred there caused a nationwide panic and a first time anger at the fact that law makers had allowed nuclear energy to be used(Siegel, 1991). Just as those concerns finally were laid to rest the incident at Chernobyl occurred. If Three Mile Island was the cake, the accident at Chernobyl was the frosting and after it killed dozens of people, destroyed countless miles of land for the next few centuries and exposed millions to fallout symptoms for the next several generations America firmly put its foot down and began to demand the slow and stopping of all nuclear power activity in the states."
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Sociology of the Nuclear Family and Societal Stratification, 2000. The nuclear family is defined, its decline is discussed, and social stratification is also examined. 1,320 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 44.95 »
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Abstract This paper defines the nuclear family and discusses its role within society. The author also discusses how the breakdown of the nuclear family is blamed for social dysfunction. The stability and structure of society is examined in the light of the declining prevalence of the nuclear family.
From the paper:
"The nuclear family consisting of two adults, 1 male, 1 female, and children is the most common form of family in Australia according to 1996 census figures published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Talcott Parson?s cited in Jureidini & Poole, recognizes the nuclear family as the ?normal? family structure. While statistics show the nuclear family still being the most common family form in Australia they also show a decline in it?s predominance of approximately 10% over the last 20 years. It is for this reason that the functions and benefits of the nuclear family must be recognized before dysfunction alters the stability and structure of society."
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