| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "METHODS SOCIAL INVESTIGATION": |
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Methods used in Crime Investigation, 2008.
An analysis of the history and integrity of various methods of crime investigation.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various tools that are used today in criminal investigation. It focuses on the polygraph, voice stress analyzers, ways to preserve the integrity of the crime scene and DNA analysis and fingerprints. It also looks at the history of the methods, how they are used in crime investigation and their validity and integrity as investigative tools.
Table of Contents:
Polygraph
Crime Scene Integrity
DNA Analysis and Fingerprints
From the Paper
"Other methods such as ninhydrin coloring and luminescence detection suing DFO reagent are more sensitive and hence effective even with lesser traces of the substrate (range of 100 to 200ng and 1 to 10ng respectively) In some cases after initial treatment with ninhydrin, zinc and cadmium salt treatment can be used to enhance luminescence. Physical development can be used separately or in addition to DFO treatment. This process is similar to the common photographic development process using silver nitrate solution. (Dr Chris Lennard (2001)). Arches, whorls, loops and composites are the four different patterns under which fingerprints are classified. Earlier, comparing fingerprints used to be manual and time consuming. Today, however computers can match a persons fingerprint with more than a million fingerprints stored in its database in a few seconds. This is possible because the FBI and the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) use automated fingerprint identification systems using the standardised fingerprint classification system called the FPC. The computer generates a geometric graph based on the positions of the ridge endings and the ridge branching. Experts then compare closely matching results from the computer search for exact identification. (Courtroom Television Network)."
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Crime Scene Investigation Procedures, 2007.
An analysis of current crime scene investigation methods and the need for more uniformed training.
8,518 words (approx. 34.1 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 180.95
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Abstract
This study proposes to confirm the hypothesis that cohesion to a uniform training course by law enforcement officers and/or crime scene investigators will enhance collected evidence's validity in court as it increases accuracy and decreases errors. Additionally, the study examines and expands on research related to crime scene investigation, and examines relevant crime investigative tools, techniques and tactics, currently utilized by police officers and crime scene investigators.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Evidence Does Not Confirm That . . .
Aims and Objectives
Background
Literature Review
What the . . . ?
Methodology
Looking At and Narrowing Down Pieces
Results
Many, Yet Not One
Conclusions and Recommendations
The Beginning of the End
Aims and Objectives
Limitations
Recommendations
From the Paper
"As digital data is easily destroyed, the main concern is to safeguard the integrity of evidence. Simply turning on a computer could cause irreparable harm as particular files have a date/time stamp that updates when the system boots up. The date/time he user last turned on the computer, a potentially, vital bit of information could be lost. (Ibid) Universal training to counter practices that could destroy evidence would help insure that evidence police officers and crime scene investigators collect will make it to court."
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Aircraft Accident Investigation Tools and Techniques, 2004.
This paper consists of specific areas of aircraft accident investigation technologies and their uses by investigators.
3,587 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the various techniques used by aircraft accident investigating teams today. The writer explains the technical terms for the layman, which include accident scene photography, metallurgy, fluid analysis of fuels and oils, fire investigation in flight or on the ground occurrence, human factors, flight deck design, appropriate degree of automation, automatic overwing exit, human forensics and pathology, and flight data recorders.
From the Paper
"Aviation accident and incidents are extremely painful and expensive for the aviation industry. This is why the aviation industry has investigative engineers who hold the responsibility of investigating accidents by reviewing and identifying the primary cause of the accident, whether it was related to aircraft performance such as, aerodynamics, engines, electrics, hydraulics, or if it was environmental or simply human error.
Investigating aircraft accidents can be extremely complex, sometimes taking many months to figure out the cause of the whole accident. So for the purpose of this task, there are engineers who often collaborate to work in teams in conducting the investigations. Primarily they are solely responsible licensed Professional Engineers, hired by the FAA Air Transport."
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Electronic Payment Methods, 2004.
An overview of the main features and benefits of electronic payment methods.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of electronic payment methods and outlines the relative advantages of electronic payment methods both for customer service and increased profitability. The main features of electronic payment cards, which include credit cards, virtual credit cards, debit cards, and charge cards, are described, and the main characteristics of successful e-payment methods are outlined. The recent successes of PayPal and VeriSign are outlined, and the author?s personal interest in the subject is discussed.
Outline
Electronic Payment Methods
Main Features of Electronic Payment Methods
Electronic Payment Methods, PayPal and VeriSign
Personal Interest in Electronic Payment Methods
Additional Information on Electronic Payment Methods
From the Paper
"Successful e-payment methods share a number of characteristics. These are: independence, interoperability and portability, security, anonymity, divisibility, ease of use, and transaction fees. Independence refers to the ability of e-commerce methods to operate without installing specialized software. Those e-commerce methods that do not require specialized hardware or software are more likely to be successful. Interoperability and portability refers to the ability of forms of e-commerce to interlink with other enterprise applications and systems. Security is an important consideration that encompasses the safety of the transfer and the chance of the transfer being intercepted. Anonymity is a characteristic of cash payments, where payment cannot be traced back to the buyer."
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Bilingual Education Methods, 2005.
An examination of five methods in education used to teach bilingual language skills.
2,016 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines five methods of bilingual education methods. These are the audiolingual method, the Total Physical Response method (sometimes referred to in the literature as TPR), the Silent Way Method, the natural approach method, and the Soviet-inspired ?Suggestopedia? method. The writer explains that each of these has been relatively influential in various parts of the world, and many successful bilingual programs today use derivatives of one of these methods or draw elements from each to compose spin-off styles.
From the Paper
"Once upon a time, perhaps, the art of teaching was relatively strait-forward. Each teacher used their own style, or that which had been handed down to them by those they learned from. While certainly a certain degree of theory has always been involved in teaching (after all, the so-called Socratic method of teaching was debated centuries before the birth of Christ, and is still cropping up as a controversial pedagogy), it was not until very recently that a great deal of academic attention was turned not just to the subject matter in schools, but to the way in which they were taught. Even so, the methodology of teaching second languages, as a separate study from general pedagogy, is even more recent. ?The designer methods emerged in the 1970's, a period of great enlightenment as many would describe.? (Brown, 1994) According to Jack Richards (2001), ?The method concept in teaching -- the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning -- is a powerful one, and the quest for better methods was a preoccupation of many teachers and applied linguists throughout the twentieth century.? "
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Forecasting Methods, 2006.
A comparative analysis of different forecasting methods.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss forecasting methods that are used in commercial business. Competition for consumers is high and in order for businesses to survive, they all have to consider what products are needed, where and when they are needed as well as in what quantities. It looks at how a successful forecasting strategy requires selecting the appropriate forecasting technique and compares and in particular contrasts forecasting methods as they relate to an organization called United Parcel Service. It looks at how there are three types of forecasting to predict demand: judgment methods, time series analysis and causal methods.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Judgment Methods
Time Series Analysis
Causal Methods
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Judgment methods can be defined as tools that use opinions to develop forecasts without reference to any available historical data. The basis for judgment methods is to utilize decision-makers that have sufficient experience to establish forecasts. This is a low cost method that has rapid development time. However, it is not consistently accurate and subject to bias. The judgment method would not work at the UPS billing site. Most of the forecasting is based on previous numbers and historical data collected as far back as two years ago. Plans for staffing, potential growth, and volume production are weighed in comparison with these same factors in previous years of operation especially during
their consolidation processes. "
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Landfill Methods and Techniques: New York Metro Experience, 2002.
A definition and examination of landfill methods in the N.Y. area and the potential problems with these methods.
5,321 words (approx. 21.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This report examines landfill methods and techniques in the New York metropolitan Area, offering a comparison of landfill techniques in the area, an assessment of the chemical makeup of the most common wastes and the presence of heavy metals, their uses and dangers, and the issues related to cakes and pellets. An annotated bibliography of the most critical sources used in the report (along with unannotated sources of a less critical nature) are included.
From the Paper
"Cities and counties are often confronted with a major problem when it comes to dealing with their solid waste. On the one hand, they are feeling pressure to reduce the volume of waste going to landfills; on the other, building and operating landfills is an expensive proposition these days (American City and County, 1, p. 40). Waste managers are confronted with these conflicting pressures as well as a functional environment in which increasing regulation coupled with financial pressure to make waste management an increasingly difficult, complex, and even tension-laden task.
Nowhere in the United States is this set of problems more difficult than in the New York Metropolitan area. Peter L. Grogan (p. 75) recently reported that the City faces a serious waste disposal problem; it is expected that the major landfill which has served the area for many decades, the Fresh Kills landfill, will be closed soon, and no suitable land for new landfills in the area has been identified. Recycling to reduce landfill-bound wastes has been attempted, but few positive results have as yet been reported. Consequently, the New York City Metropolitan area faces significant challenges now and in the future in this regard."
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Were Gandhi's Methods Good for India?, 2006.
An essay looking at whether Mahatma Gandhi's methods for liberating India from British colonization were truly the best methods that could have been employed.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Almost everyone has heard of M. K. Gandhi. His name is still spoken with respect in most parts of the world, and with this respect goes the understanding that he liberated India from the yoke of British colonization. In addition most people are aware that Gandhi utilized peaceful means to achieve this liberation, which of course adds to the mystique of Gandhi as one of the great men of history. This paper questions whether Gandhi's methods were the best that could have been used and whether the outcome was in fact in the best interests of India.
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Forensic Tools and Methods, 2005.
This paper is a literature review to identify and analyze current forensic science tools and methods and to extrapolate future tends for this field based on this analysis.
3,205 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the criminal justice system depends on scientific evidence for investigating and prosecuting crimes and uses a wide range of tools and techniques to achieve their goals of identifying who is responsible and the extent of the violation in such a manner that the results are admissible in a legal proceeding. The author stresses that forensic science has emerged as a dynamic and increasingly important field of investigation for both private enterprises and governmental agencies. The paper relates that, while the field continues to evolve in response to newly identified threats and innovations in digital technology, the legal requirements of forensic science must be maintained and the resulting evidence must satisfy the requirements of Rule 702 of the Federal Rules of Evidence.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Research Methods and Procedures Used
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Forensic Science Tools and Methods
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Generally speaking, forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to legal problems or proceedings; from a law enforcement perspective, forensic science is primarily concerned with testing physical and biological evidence to determine objective facts about what happened, when it happened, and who was involved (Davis, Jackson & Schwab, 2001). Therefore, forensic science capability is important because it may yield information that is more accurate, precise, and reliable than eyewitness testimony or even confessions; this information, in turn, can provide prosecutors with an improved chance for success in terms of both investigations and trials in determining the facts of the case."
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Qualitative Research Methods, 2007.
A comparison of the methods used in quantitative versus qualitative research.
1,846 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes qualitative research methods and compares it to the methods used in quantitative research. The paper specifically focuses on two articles which discuss food safety and correct handling procedures - "Food-Handlers' Beliefs and Self-Reported Practices" by D.A. Clayton, C.J. Griffith, P. Price and A.C. Peters and "Factors Impacting Food Workers' and Managers' Safe Food Preparation Practices: A Qualitative Study", by L.R. Green and C. Selman. This paper compares the methods used in each articles and discusses what makes one quantitative and one qualitative in its methods.
From the Paper
"Qualitative research has grown somewhat in the last several years, as new ideas have been tried and expanded upon (Wolcott, 1995). This is significant for many individuals that are working on research projects today, because qualitative research has become much more widely used and also much more widely respected than it was in the past. Social science areas of research have used and respected qualitative methods for some time, but it has not been that long ago that other areas of research started becoming more involved with the qualitative method as well (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The quantitative method is still very necessary for many of the areas of research that are seen today, as statistics are necessary, but the move toward more qualitative areas of research is significant and worth noting (Wolcott, 1995; Flyvbjerg, 2006; Denzin & Lincoln, 2000)."
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Exploring Methods of Assessing State Debt Affordability, 2005.
A discussion of the problem and significance of state debt affordability, an analysis of the leading methods to measuring and controlling debt affordability at the state level, and recommendations to state debt managers.
4,861 words (approx. 19.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
A state government's ability to balance the competing objectives of affordability, flexibility and capital demands can be challenging. One of the important objectives of a debt policy is to define the measures of debt affordability. This paper analyzes the prevailing literature on state debt affordability. It investigates the methods of debt affordability assessment that state governments currently practice and finds that states typically have an informal approach to addressing key policy elements regarding state debt and state debt managers often have no clear standard for measuring affordability. The writer presents two methods for addressing the problem of affordability: A generational model that attempts to determine how much debt is being shouldered by each generation and a relative affordability model that compares states' ratios of debt to resources available. In response to the literature, recommendations are made arguing for the importance of including affordability assessments in debt policy, the implementation of more formalized policies dealing with state debt affordability, the refinement of the generational model for use at the state level, and the use of the relative affordability model as a tool for debt managers.
From the Paper
"Debt has become one of the most important tools of contemporary state governments. It is used to finance a plethora of each state's ventures every year. Since 1975, the outstanding state debt has doubled nearly eight times, resulting in a $548 billion dollar tab as of the year 2000. Generally, this debt is non-guaranteed and issued by different entities created by the state which are not bound by traditional centralized oversight and control. This long-term debt is typically issued to finance capital expenses (Brecher, Richwerger, & Van Wagner, 2003). These capital expenses can take many forms, ranging from homeless shelters to sports stadiums and everything in between (Robbins & Dungan, 2001)."
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Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods, 2001.
Compares & contrasts the 2 methods in 3 basic areas: epistemological foundations, data collection & data analysis methods.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
" Introduction
This paper compares and contrasts qualitative and quantitative research methods in three basic areas. These are: epistemological foundations, data collection methods, and data analysis methods. The paper ends with a brief summary of the primary points made.
Comparison
Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) discuss several similarities and differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. With respect to similarities, both kinds of research formulate epistemological positions regarding the nature of causation and reality and both comprise a set of methods for designing research, collecting data, analyzing data, and..."
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Intervention Methods and Diversity Competence, 2007.
This paper examines intervention methods used in organizations to promote gender diversity in the workplace.
1,741 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates methods organizations can adopt to help promote greater gender diversity. These methods include conducting annual diversity surveys, providing team building seminars and encouraging team building efforts within the organization. Such efforts lay the groundwork for building a culture that promotes diversity and encourages women to excel at all levels of the organization. It also works to provide women the tools they need to succeed within the organization and within a group setting.
Outline:
Intervention Methods and Diversity in the Organization
Direct Methods of Establishing Diversity Competence
Indirect Methods of Establishing Diversity Competence
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Traditional intervention methods may include various techniques and tools used to eliminate the cultural biases that exist within enterprises large and small. Intervention methods basically involved direct and indirect actions that one engages in to alter certain events or behaviors to improve the performance of a group and reduce behaviors considered undesirable (Garmston, 2004). Interventions may be helpful in promoting greater empowerment among groups that are traditionally singled out in the workplace, including women."
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Foreign Language Teaching Methods, 2007.
This paper examines methods of teaching Slavic at the college introductory level.
2,628 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how integrating different language teaching methods will have the benefit of catering to a wide variety of student needs; something that a single approach will probably not accomplish. The paper explores the methods of teaching the Slavic language to students where the proficiency level is basically non-existent. The paper selects nine different language teaching methods and determines which are most appropriate for such a language teaching course and also how they can be integrated to achieve optimal results. The paper's information for all the teaching approaches is derived from Dr. Jill Kerper Mora.
Outline:
Total Physical Response
The Grammar Translation Method
The Audio Lingual Method
The Communicative Approach
The Functional Notional Method
The Direct Approach
The Reading Approach
The Silent Way
The Community Language Learning Method
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Globalization and the concept of the "global village", has brought about interesting developments in language teaching. It is currently recognized, for example, that contact with one or more natives from foreign countries during an average lifetime is more likely than not. Furthermore, the information age entails that knowledge from across the globe is integrated in the academic world. This implies that not all academic texts will be in English, and that some foreign language skills are necessary to access texts in certain fields. Finally, businesses generally offer expanded opportunities to those who are willing to relocate to foreign countries. The success of such ventures often depends upon an ability to communicate with the target country's native population. The question is therefore not so much whether foreign languages in a curriculum are important, but rather how they should be taught."
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Motivations and Methods of Cessation of Smoking, 2008.
A presentation of the results of a literature review and interviews regarding the motivations and methods of cessation for different groups of smokers.
3,873 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an investigation into the motivations and methods of cessation for different groups of current smokers and ex-smokers. It also discusses the outcome of smoking for different groups of smokers and ex-smokers and the future intentions about smoking for different groups of smokers and ex-smokers. The paper analyzes the literature related to the issue and presents the results of interviews conducted with smokers. The paper provides the questions that were asked within the interviews.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The study for this paper supports the opinion of experts that smokers can be swayed into abandoning the habit if they are made aware of both the potential benefits and the potential risks associated with a product rather than just one side. This was true even though the actual information presented to them was identical. Applying this to warning messages, it might be possible to increase attitude certainty not only by alerting consumers to the potential health risks associated with the product but also by emphasizing the utter lack of health benefits of cigarettes. Thus, cigarette packaging might not only note the health dangers associated with using the product but also specifically emphasize that the product does not offer any health benefits."
"From the interviews, we learned that young people with parents who smoke are likely to pick up the habit. In fact, about 90 percent of the interviewees started smoking before age 21 and 85 percent at a much younger age. Many of them started to smoke in high school as a form of experiment, as an expression of individuality and as a way of giving them a sense of belonging."
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