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Media Studies, 2003.
The paper discusses the broad range of media studies.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses and highlights the four main areas of media studies: Transformations, Institutions, Forms and Audiences, while exploring the impact of each in relation to the other areas using the work of theorists like Paddy Scannell, John Thompson and Raymond Williams.
From the Paper
"One key area in media studies is the role of the media in cultural transformations in a modern society. This entails looking at how social interactions and relationships are affected by the communications media. John Thompson describes three forms of interaction, ?face-to-face? being the most common. In this case participants share the same context, at the same time and place and there is usually a ?two-way flow of information? where a direct response can be achieved. Other features, sometimes referred to as body language, also add information for example, a change of tone may indicate surprise. Thompson claims this differs from the other types of interaction. ?Mediated-interaction?3, in letters and telephone conversations differs because it makes use of developed technology i.e. paper and telephone lines."
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Media Studies, 2003.
This paper explains media studies as a complex subject incorporating many different aspects of socially defined relationships.
968 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This is an exploration into the four main conceptions based around media studies and the media as a whole. The four conceptions are transformations - the theory based on communication; institutions - the various groups formed within or by the media; forms - the reality aspect of the media and audiences - that which the media gains. The writer looks at the works of Raymond Williams and other theorists for examples of each.
From the Paper
"Communication is the main trend within different media institutions. Transformations are key to our perceptions about the media. They are forms of communication such as face-to-face communication where a conversation could be taking place but the participants of the conversation are sharing the same space and time. This has advantages because it is easy to see the mood of the person you may be conversing with due to the body language and facial expression that might be used. It also needs more interaction. Secondly, there is mediated interaction. This would incorporate telephone conversations, post and e-mail. These are forms of communication where we would have the expectation of a response. The advantages here are that the people within the acts of communication do not necessarily have to be the same time or space. The media itself is mainly concerned with mediated quasi interaction. This is communication where the communicator is relaying information but is not expecting a response such as television, newspapers and radio, where the programmes or articles are aimed at entertaining or providing information but not expecting a response form the public who are listening, reading or watching. The advantages of this are that it is a simple quick way of relaying information or entertaining and there is not necessarily any need for a response."
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Communication Studies, 2005.
The ideas of Marshall McLuhan.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses communication as expressed and explained by Marshall McLuhan. McLuhan uses other works to support his views. The paper explains who Marshall McLuhan was and his contribution to the study of media. The term media is defined as is its effects on society.
From the Paper
"Marshall McLuhan was the leading media critic of his time, a visionary who saw ways in which human beings were forging a relationship between themselves and the media, so that they were actually manifesting a form of technological determinism in the relationship between the way they live and the way they process information. His idea is often summed up in the idea that the medium is the message. McLuhan says that it is characteristic of all media that "the 'content' of any medium is always another medium" (McLuhan 8), meaning that the content of writing is speech, the content of the written word is print, and so on. Media are defined as extensions of man, allowing human senses to.."
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Contemporary Media Issues, 2007.
An analysis of the contemporary issues facing the South African media, focusing on government legislation and the Internet.
6,955 words (approx. 27.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 156.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses important issues in contemporary media studies. The first part of this essay focuses on the South African media and government in terms of the relationship between the media and government. It discusses the state of broadcasting in South Africa and focuses on legislation and the future of the public broadcaster. The second part of the essay deals with the Internet as a form of media that is confronting the traditional realm of media studies. It discusses some of the issues stemming from the use of the Internet.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Part A: Broadcasting Internationally
United Kingdom broadcasting environment
German broadcasting environment
South African Broadcasting Legislation
Independent Broadcasting Authority Act
Broadcasting Act
Independent Communication Authority Act
Major Broadcasters
The SABC
M-NET
Multichoice
e-TV
Research
Part B: The Internet
New media
Cultural impact
Media studies impact
Policy impact
Economic impact
Research
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Internet has added volumes of possibilities to many segments of society, with various new discussions involving the impact of the World Wide Web on culture, policy, economics and media studies. The Internet provides something that other forms of media cannot, interaction. This is a major advantage for those accessing Internet forms of media as interaction allows for a better experience for both parties due to feedback (Fourie, 2001b: 364). This can be done through the use of voting polls for example, or forums where readers of an online newspaper, for example, can talk directly to reporters or with other readers. The speed and efficiency of email has allowed for feedback to online and offline media groups directly instead of waiting for conventional mail to reach any alternative media versions. The Internet has had a great impact on various sections of society, from culture, to economics and policy, as well as media studies. Its importance cannot be denied, and so it should be considered as a very important topic of study and research."
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The Mass-Media Pygmalion, 2006.
This paper studies the complex relationship between consumers and the mass media. Do we create the media, or does the media create us?
1,208 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The author studies the give and take relationship between the media and our society to determine which is the cause and which is the effect. The author continues by showing a connection between the main icons of Western culture and the effects of the media. The fast food industry is highlighted and the author shows the great effects it has had on our trends and ideals, with conformity a notable outcome. After studying the diverse effects of our fast food culture today, the author concludes that only a corrupt society can allow the mass media such power.
From the Paper
"In the Classical Greco-Roman era, it was believed that Pygmalion, a sculptor, brought Galatea to life. However, today it seems to be a more common belief that Galatea creates Pygmalion. The question of whether members of our society create the media, or if the media influences members of the society to such a degree that it essentially creates the society, is a prominent one in the study of modern anthropology. Pop culture artifacts reveal a great deal about the modern society, including social trends, values, ideals, and more. The relationship between consumers and the mass media is a complex one that may not be simple enough to evaluate as a directional give-and-take diagram. There are many issues relating to social responsibility and the often clashing pursuits of individual wealth and greater good that come to play when discussing popular media, culture, and society."
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Fashion Print Media, 2008.
This paper provides an examination of the relationship between fashion print media coverage and fashion public relations in the United Kingdom today.
52,254 words (approx. 209.0 pages), 69 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study aims at examining and understanding the relationship between fashion coverage within the UK print media and public relations with special attention to newspapers. The nature of fashion coverage is explored through content analysis of a cross section of UK newspapers, semi structured interviews with fashion PR professionals and industry insiders as well as through participant observation in order to identify the way fashion public relations as a discipline is applied and arguably the prime source for fashion print media coverage in the UK. Through careful examination of the strategies, methods and formulas applied by the fashion PR industry in order to promote fashion items and ensure print media coverage, the study contributes to knowledge by providing empirical foundation to the under researched area of fashion public relations. It adds to the existing knowledge emerging from other areas of public relations and draws attention to an important and established yet academically neglected part of the PR industry. The paper includes an appendix that contains interviews carried out with UK fashion PR professionals.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Chapter 2:
Fashion Public Relations and the Fashion Print Media in the UK
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4:
Review of Literature
Chapter 5:
Fashion PR the Creator of UK Fashion Print Media Coverage
Chapter 6:
The Celebrity Connection
Chapter 7:
UK Fashion Industry: Facts and Statistics
Chapter 8:
Fashion Photography and Its Relevance to Fashion PR
Chapter 9:
Research Findings
Chapter 10:
Case Study: The Rise, Fall and Even Bigger Rise of Kate Moss - Fashion
PR at Its Best?
Chapter 11: Conclusions
From the Paper
"The fashion director sets the journalistic calendar for the whole year, which is more of a framework with room for changes. The various articles and features are discussed with the whole fashion team and the editors are briefed on what to research and write about, photo shoots are also being scheduled. Newspapers as opposed to magazines have a tight schedule and work approximately a week up to a few days in advance. The tabloids are the prime employers of fashion staff, they employ not just one fashion team but groups of journalists covering different fashion related subject areas.
"With the emergence of newspaper supplements, some of which have a fashion focus, some of which are entirely devoted to fashion, such as the Sunday Times Style Magazine, newspapers employ more fashion staff. There is usually a separate fashion team for the supplements, as well as freelance fashion writers who are also used frequently for specific features. They often function as outside experts that are brought in to write about certain fashion trends or items."
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Media Literacy and TV Production, 2004.
An extensive analysis to show the important link between literacy, critical thinking and any type of media undertaking within a school setting.
21,420 words (approx. 85.7 pages), 53 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the impact of integrating a media literacy unit into a public high school ninth grade Basic TV Production course in an effort to measure the development of student critical inquiry, thinking and viewing of media technology. This study expands upon initial research conducted by Renee Hobbs and Richard Frost (1999) in "Instructional Practices in Media Literacy Education and Their Impact on Student's Learning". In addition, the paper also discusses the concept of literacy as a prerequisite to the role it plays in the media arena. The paper contends that because media plays a more prevalent role in our everyday lives, it is imperative that literacy be incorporated into the educational structure, particularly for students are involved in media production.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Objectives of the Study
Background
Statement of the Problem
Current Approaches to Media Literacy Education
The Significance of This Study
Research Questions
Literature Review
Goals of Media Literacy
Guidelines for Media Instruction
Measuring Media Literacy in the K-12 Classroom
Implementing a Media Literacy Program
The Conceptual Framework
Research Methodology
Research Design
Sample Selection
Limitations of the Study
Data to Be Collected
Instrumentation
Definition of Key Terms
Information Sources
From the Paper
"Student's have their own ideas about what and how to use certain mediums to express their ideas. Nicholas (2001) states that "Eisner (1994) contends that forms of representation influence how students' perceive, how they think, and how they express understanding. Each from embodies a different way to experience the world. The implications of student perceptions of different forms of representation relate to issues of cognitive pluralism and curricular balance. Providing students with frequent opportunities to construct and express meaning in different forms using a variety of symbol systems addresses the learners' capacity and need to create and manipulate symbols. The absence of these choices limits students' learning experiences and inhibits development of multiple forms of literacy. Advocates for an enriched curriculum argue that a wide spectrum of subjects, including visual arts, dance, music, theatre, and media production should be considered integral to a general education.""
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Chinese Media Industry, 2004.
A comparison of the Western media to the media industry in China.
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper documents the shifts and changes that have shaped the media industry as to societal, political, organizational, or national influences in the formation, governance and processes within the media industry in China. Further, the paper focuses on elements, both in the historical sense and that of the present day, and attempts to determine what influences the political economy of the media industry. The paper examines the theories surrounding the political economy of communication and the culture industry in a theoretical framework. The paper explores the theories of political economy in media communications, while contrasting and comparing the Western media industry with that of the media industry in China.
From the Paper
"China entered into the World Trade Organization and gave rise to speculations that the world's largest media market might be much more easily accessible to publishers in the international media industry. The market economy in China is making gains however the media industry including the print remains in the governments hands which results in a product that is "forced-fed to all levels of governments offices, at a cost ultimately assumed by the taxpayers" (China Daily 2003) . In fact estimates for the taxes in China's media market are stated to be "16 to 20 billion a year. " (China Daily, 2003) Government spending pays approximately "6 to 10 billion Yuan" of that amount. (China Daily 2003) The media industry in China is under total government control with a very few foreign investors as well as private investors involved on the retail side of business."
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Violence in the Media, 2004.
A study of the effect of violent television and media on the children who view it.
1,601 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
A study of the relationship between viewing violence in the media and children's behavior. Specifically, this study addresses the context in which violent images are portrayed and how those images affect long term behavioral development in children. The writer shows how children's behavior is influenced, not only by the amount of violence they view regularly, but also by the context in which they view violent behavior.
From the Paper
"This dissertation will focus on two central questions: First, does the context in which violence is portrayed in the media affect children? Studies indicate that children are more likely to be influenced by images they see in the media than adults (BBG, 1997). The second question will focus on whether violence in the media has a long term negative impact on children. Specifically, this study will examine violence in the media and its effects on elementary aged school children and adolescents. I intend to explore in detail specifically the effects that television violence has on children?s tendencies to demonstrate violent and aggressive behaviors."
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Astral Media, 2005.
This paper discusses Astral Media, one of the major media companies in Canada.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 7 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer analyzes the Canadian media company Astral Media. The writer explains that this company is one of the leading media companies in Canada. The writer examines the Astral Media company that owns, among other media properties, television networks and radio stations.
From the Paper
"Astral Media is one of the leading media companies in Canada, and the company reaches the public by means of a combination of highly targeted media properties in specialty, pay and pay-per-view television, radio, and outdoor advertising. Astral Media is currently the largest operator of English and French-language specialty, pay, and pay-per-view television services. The company owns nineteen network licenses, entirely or in a partnership. The company and its television networks also stand as the largest private sector supporter of Canadian feature films. Astral Media also owns 24 radio stations, including 16 French-language FM stations in Quebec.
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War Coverage, Media Obsession, 2004.
A comparison of traditional media coverage and new media coverage.
1,532 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper compares traditional media to new media in an attempt to determine which one is more influential and how they differ in their stories and presentation methods.
From the Paper
"Media is always biased, less trained, unprepared, and hasty or simply looking for sensationalism and that is the reason why the news that we receive is either insignificant or highly distorted. Apart from the reporting of various events during the recent Iraq War, which I trust were never reported accurately, the media also tried to divert public?s attention from pressing issues to those of minor significance by obsessing over trivial events. That media cannot be fully trusted for accurate account of events became a big issue when the story of Private Jessica Lynch came forth. Newspapers, televisions, local channels, radio stations and even the Internet obsessed over Jessica Lynch and her rescue from Iraqi forces. Almost overnight, she became the most important person in the world- an icon that everyone wanted to know more about. Lynch was presented as an epitome of courage and bravery and it appeared as if the only real purpose of having US force in Iraq was to rescue Jessica Lynch. ?In the fourteen days after her rescue, Lynch drew 919 references in major papers, according to a Nexis search. In that same period, General Tommy Franks, who ran the war, got 639 references, Vice President Dick Cheney 549, Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz 389. She stood with the giants.? (Christopher Hanson, 2003)"
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Media Impact on American Consciousness, 2006.
An analysis of the impact of the media on American public consciousness.
14,447 words (approx. 57.8 pages), 37 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at who and what manipulates the American media, and why. The paper discusses the impact this media has on the American public and their consciousness, and how it ultimately effects their lives and society as a whole. The paper also studies various writings related to this topic.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Overview of Study
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Further, the majority of the power to define reality, in this view of the news process, resides at the point of the reporter-source contact. By the time the story makes its way to the editor, the most important gatekeeping decisions have already been made. The factors that serve to constrain or, conversely, facilitate reporter interaction with some sources and events and not others are important for understanding news content (Rotberg & Weiss, 1966). In this environment, gatekeepers have played an increasingly important role in the West. "Due to widespread uncertainty over the precise ingredients of a best-seller formula," write Rossman and Suman, "administrators are forced to trust the professional judgment of their employees. Close supervision in the production sector is impeded by ignorance of relations between cause and effect" (2000, p. 72).
The concept of "agenda setting" took its name from the concept that the mass media have the ability to transfer the importance and relevance of items on their news agendas to the public agenda (Bryant & Zillman, 1994). The concept was originally investigated in the traditional context of mass communication and voter behavior; however, it is being increasingly applied to other social and political events as well. For instance, "Through their routine structuring of social and political reality, the news media influence the agenda of public issues around which political campaigns and voter decisions are organized" (Bryant & Zillman, 1994 p. 4). This impact is felt every day as journalists throughout the world deal with the news in several important ways, which are discussed further below."
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Women's Rights in the Media, 2006.
A review of the portrayal of women's rights issues by the media.
3,350 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper studies how media outlets around the world report on women's rights issues in their country and internationally. The paper examines how the same story with the same facts can take on different interpretations, depending on the news outlet. To demonstrate this point, the author presents two case studies, both of which deal with the seemingly unending struggle for women's rights across the globe. The focus of the paper is on print media and how it can guide emotions and influence their audiences, particularly around the issue of the continuing battle for equal treatment of women.
Outline:
Hind El-Hinnaway- Egypt
Yvette Cade- United States of America
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The public has a right to know," this is the most clear cut reason for why news organizations are such a pivotal part of their societies' and instrumental in shaping the opinions of the audience that they take an oath to protect. However "the newspaper business," as the media has been historically dubbed, is a business nonetheless and winning over advertisers and bringing home Edward Murrow Awards is just as important as keeping the world informed. In the newsroom it is not enough to just have the story, true journalism raises the question of "What makes this a story?" So a there have been a string of robberies and assaults in a Fairfax neighborhood? "What makes this a story?" It is a driving force for the media to find the element of the story that separates CNN from MSNBC.
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Robert W McChesney's "The Problem of the Media", 2006.
This paper summarizes Robert W McChesney's book "The Problem of the Media" about politics and the media.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Robert W. McChesney's book "The Problem of the Media," deals with inadequate journalism, hyper-commercialism and overwhelming media power in the United States. The author reports that the points out how the various issues in the media problem are inter-connected.
From the Paper
"Robert W McChesney's book "The Problem of the Media" takes an in-depth look at how politics and government policies have shaped the media in the United States and debunks long-standing myths regarding the media. McChesney also addresses ..."
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Media Policy in South Africa, 2007.
An analysis of media policy in South Africa and a comparison of media performance standards in Britain, Italy and Germany.
3,606 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the main roles of the press in any democracy is that of a public watchdog that is vigilant over government activities on behalf of the people that government serves. The paper focuses on South Africa as a point of reference and refers to the history of South African policy as well as certain European media policy counterparts, in order to gauge standards of media performance.
Outline:
Introduction
Media and Democracy
Media Policy in South Africa
External Media Policy
Policy Formulation Aspects
Internal Media Policy
Policy Formulation Aspects
The Gate keeping Function
European Media Policy
United Kingdom Media Policy
Italian Media Policy
German Media Policy
South African Media Policy History
Apartheid Era
After Apartheid
Comparison
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the main roles that the press plays in any democracy is that of a public watchdog that is vigilant over government activities on behalf of the people that government serves (Krimsky, 2000). The media is a fundamental tool in the decision-making of the democratic government in any country. A democracy requires the people of the state to make choices and decisions on a daily basis. This therefore needs to be aided by a media and media environment that allows for objectivity through its content and the journalists and staff of the forms of media themselves. The media needs to inform, without judging (Krimsky, 2000)."
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