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The Media and the Framing of Crime, 2006.
A review of the role of society and the media in the framing of a crime, looking specifically at Toronto.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the topic of framing of crime. It uses the individualistic and structural views of crime. It argues that the individualistic view is used because it allows for the status quo to be maintained by keeping other groups down. The paper uses the example of gang activity in Toronto.
From the Paper
"For the essay assignment question number one on the question assignment sheet will be answered. This question deals with there primary topics. The first topic is the way media frames information. The second topic is the ways in which crime can be framed. The third topic is the way the media and conceptions of criminality become connected within society. A fourth topic that is used to explore the other three topics is gang activity in Toronto. The essay will clearly show how the media has adopted individualistic theories of crime when it comes to these types of crime stories. "
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Media Framing Lesson Plan, 2007.
A description of a lesson plan for teaching current trends in Chinese culture through media framing.
957 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a lesson plan with the aim of identifying current trends in Chinese culture through media framing. The paper presents an overview of the subject material - an essay written by K. Hallahan, titled "Seven Models of Framing: Implications for Public Relations". The paper then discusses the objectives for the lesson and the requirements of the students. It provides a suggested procedure and student assessment for the information taught.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Connections to the Curriculum
Time Required
Materials Required
Objectives of the Exercise
Analytic Skills
Suggested Procedure
Opening
Development
Closing
Suggested Student Assessment
Extending the Lesson
Related Links
From the Paper
"Suggested Student Assessment. Because the media framing analysis is a highly subjective process, students will be requested to defend their respective positions on a given news account in the form of an essay that will be assessed on the basis of how well it takes into account the various media framing structural dimensions in supporting its position."
"Extending the Lesson. When students identify an issue that is particularly interesting to them, they would refine and extend its concepts through a WebQuest approach that uses a free Web site account. WebQuests have become increasingly popular in recent years for this purpose, and these become a "work in progress" that students continue to contribute to as additional research is completed and more news accounts become available."
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The Media, Crime and the Status Quo, 2006.
A discussion regarding the relationship between the media and crime.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay deals with the media's framing of crime. It looks at both individualistic and structural theories. It argues that the media uses individualistic theories because they work very well with liberal ideology. They essentially maintain the status quo.
From the Paper
"Crime has always been a contentious topic in Western societies. One of the most contentious aspects of crime in Western societies is its ultimate causes. Some people believe that crime can be explained using individualistic theories (Gomme 31). Other people believe that crime can be explained using structural theories (Gomme 47-57). This essay will look at both types of theories. It will be argued that the media mostly presents crime as an individualistic activity. Individualistic theories of crime appeal to the middle classes who do not want to feel responsible for crime. "
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Organized Crime, Hate Crime, and Ritualistic Crimes, 2006.
A paper examining police responsibility in investigating hate crimes, organized crime, and ritualistic crimes.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of community policing. The author says that for certain types of crime, such as hate crimes, mob-related crimes and ritualistic crimes, police must look at the underlying causes of the crimes rather than just dealing with the perpetrators after the fact. The paper explains why these particular categories differ from other crimes, and why these categories require a different kind of approach from police.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Organized Crime
Hate Crime
Ritual Crimes
Law Enforcement Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Community policing is a term that is becoming increasingly common in police studies and practice. This is a natural result of the increase in the responsibility of the police in a complex and modern environment. This means that policing has to deal not only with the effects of crime but also with the underlying causes of criminal acts in order to be effective. This is especially the case with regard to forms of crime such as hate and ritual crimes which have sensitive and far-reaching social implications. In this regard the responsibility of the police is being shared with other institutions and the community in order to provide a more adequate and comprehensive solution to contemporary crime issues."
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Natural Crime vs. Legal Crime, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the concepts of "natural crime" and "legal crime", using each of the crime classifications on the FBI's crime index.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the seven classifications of crime listed in the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The paper determines which crimes might be considered "mala in se", crimes that are inherently dangerous or "mala prohibita", crimes not inherently wrong, but are considered criminal because their prohibition is necessary to regulate the general welfare. The paper asserts that the crimes in which human life is lost, in threat of being lost or violated in any way, should be considered "mala in se." The paper posits that crimes in which property or belongings are lost or taking away, should be considered "mala prohibita" because property is less valuable than human life.
From the Paper
"Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. (www.fbi.gov) There are some homicides that are reduced to a lesser crime because there was no intent evident in the act. The intent to kill is where the defendant consciously desired to cause death or where the defendant intended to cause great bodily harm. There are other crimes of murder that are justified or excusable. An example of this is if an intruder entered a home with a gun, the occupants could murder the intruder and not be charged with a homicide. The occupants could argue that they were protecting their family from being murdered by the intruder."
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Natural crimes and legal crimes, 2006.
Looks at the distinction between natural crimes and legal crimes.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the distinction between natural crimes, also known as mala per se crimes, and legal crimes, also known as mala prohibita crimes. It looks at the FBI crime index and assesses whether these crimes are mala per se or mala prohibita.
From the Paper
T"here are two major types of crimes natural crimes and legal crimes which are now referred to as mala per se crimes and mala prohibita crimes respectively. Crime A crime is defined by law as an act ..."
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Hate Crimes: Crimes Against Man or God?, 2006.
A discussion regarding hate crimes and the reasons that such acts are incited.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at hate crimes. The paper defines hate crimes, provides statistics and provides modern day examples of hate crimes. The paper further explains that hate crimes are not only against the laws created by man, but also that of God.
From the Paper
" We now know the term "hate crimes" was introduced in 1985: clearly an act of commission, but how far back do we need to go to realize that these hateful acts have been apart of society since the beginning of mankind. In the bible, when we read about "The Parable of the Good Samaritan" (Luke 10:25-34); dating back to about A.D. 62, which has me to believe as a Christian, to be in a state of omission, and do nothing about a crime that has taken place is just as much a sin as the crime itself. It's printed in black and white for me in 1John 4:20, "If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen but love God whom he hath not seen?" When we read Gospel passages like those in the bible from Luke and 1John, Jesus' message is direct and uncomplicated: love God, love neighbor....Go do it. Looking at the details in these passages can help us understand how Christianity and hatred get mixed up together. It provides us with clues about how to stay clear and focused on God's calling to love. "
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White Collar Crime and Organized Crime, 2006.
A look at the reality of organized crime.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how organized crime is heavily involved in activities that are traditionally considered white collar crimes. The paper also discusses how there are several misconceptions surrounding the concept of what types of criminals are considered white collar. The paper goes on to describe the symbiotic relationship between organized crime and the surrounding society.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most worrisome group of organized criminals is composed of the various terrorist organizations that operate within the United States. While they have some of the same goals as other criminal organizations, terrorist groups are not motivated by profit, but by a desire to harm individuals. This makes them more dangerous than other groups of criminals. In addition, terrorist organizations often use traditional means of criminal activity to develop their incomes. Most notably, Al Qaeda's funding has been linked to illegal drugs and weapons distribution."
"Fraud takes a tremendous toll on society each year; millions of people are victimized and billions of dollars lost each year to schemers and hucksters. Furthermore, modern technology has made fraud increasingly possible and profitable. Any person with an e-mail inbox should have an understanding of how pervasive fraud is on the internet. In fact, internet and telephone fraud is a tremendous underground issue, which "victimizes hundreds of thousands of consumers annually and indirectly affects our entire society by causing a loss of confidence in the e-commerce economy of the 21st century." (Morgan and Johnson, 2005). In fact, telecommunications fraud may be the most lucrative white collar criminal enterprise."
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News Framing: The Sino-U.S. Spy Plane Collision, 2005.
A comparison of the "New York Times" and the "People's Daily" coverage of the Sino-U.S. spy plane collision of April 1, 2001.
11,500 words (approx. 46.0 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 224.95
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Abstract
On April 1, 2001, what began as a minor training exercise turned into a post-Cold War confrontation between two of the world's nuclear powers. On this date, a collision of a U.S. spy plane and a Chinese fighter jet resulted in a tense - but not hostile - political confrontation between the two nations. This paper examines how although the actual details of the spy plane collision in April 2001 differed substantially in their respective accounts in the Chinese and U.S. media, these differences were not so important to many observers as how important the role they played in shaping public opinion as the events unfolded. It provides a side-by-side comparison of the accounts from China and the U.S. to show how the "New York Times" and the "People's Daily" seem to be covering two completely separate incidents. It also defines and discusses the media framing functions that were categorized into three dimensions: visual framing, contextual framing and operational framing.
Outline:
Introduction
Background and Overview
Differences in Media Accounts
Categorization of Framing Functions in Media Accounts
Review of the Literature
Role of the Media in News Presentation
Gatekeeping and Presentation of News Reports
Additional Factors Influencing Presentation of News Reports
The American Position as Reflected in "The New York Times"
The Chinese Position as Reflected in "The People's Daily"
The International Community's Position
Method
Data Analysis and Findings
"People's Daily": April 2-April 27, 2001
"New York Times" Analysis
Validity and Reliability
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"From a subjective perspective, one can almost envision the Chinese leadership hunkered down in the Forbidden City formulating a cogent but forceful response to the spy plane incident that would show the world that they still meant business militarily, but one which would not go so far as to jeopardize what was really important: the American markets. However, from an international perspective, the evolution of the Sino-American trade bloc may be thwarted by future recurrences of this level of hostility, and in the post-Cold War globe, former allies may become potential enemies. "
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The Media and Inequality, 2007.
A discussion on the role of the media in framing interpretations of inequality in Australia.
2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how media plays a major role in framing the interpretations of inequality in Australia. It looks at how it can help to both minimise inequality in a society and maximize it. It discusses how, whether it be through television, radio, the internet or music - the media is no doubt an influential powerhouse when it comes to molding a society's attitudes and beliefs about various groups and individuals.
From the Paper
"The internet has had a profound effect on inequality in Australia. It has made it much easier for those who are discriminated against, or segregated to come together. The internet has been 'involved in reconstructing our culture' (Beilharz, 2002: p266). It has reconstructed it by allowing for subcultures to exist in an almost parallel world, co-existing with the real world. Bonds between people thrive in virtual communities and various online organisations. It can assist those with particular interests (such as the television shows Star trek or X-files) to keep in contact with each other and to efficiently organize functions and parties in various cities around the world. Similarly individuals who feel they do not fit in to their society, or are being discriminated against can find others who feel exactly like they do and may be going through similar hardships."
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Media Framing of the Gay, 2006.
A discussion regarding the role of the media in framing the homosexual movement.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This assignment discusses the media framing of the gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer and transgender movement based on 10 source articles. The paper then analyzes the content demonstrating that there is essentially negative and positive framing.
From the Paper
"Individuals with different sexual orientations or different sexual identities have often experienced discrimination and persecution in Western societies. For example, in 'Ideas for Action' Cynthia Kaufman states, Given the widespread and established nature of homophobia, it is not surprising that the most important demand for most gays and lesbians is simply for the right to love whomever they please (Kaufman 178). There is some evidence that the gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer and transgender movement has become very successful at reducing homophobia and increasing acceptance of different sexual orientation or different sexual identities. "
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New Home Framing, 2005.
This paper describes the new home framing process in step order.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the new home framing process in step order, with explanations of materials and their advantages and disadvantages. The paper looks at building codes and construction sequence. The paper looks at framing as the critical component in house construction.
From the Paper
"One of the first decisions to make when starting a new home framing project is what materials to use. Wood framing is standard on many homes, but to ensure that walls will be straight where cabinets will hang, it is necessary to avoid using rapid-growth light spring wood. Although the rapid growth makes it faster and cheaper to produce, it can cause the lumber to twist and bow when it dries out, causing walls to become wavy. These wavy walls can cause a variety..."
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Street Crime and White Collar Crime, 2002.
A comparative analysis of the harmfulness of street crime and white collar crime.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines whether street crime is more harmful that white collar crime. The author discusses psychological and physical aspects of these crimes and analyzes short-term and long-term harm in evaluating which is more harmful.
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Cyber Crime, 2004.
An analysis of the relationships between Internet crimes, intellectual crimes, and cyber-crime.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Internet crimes, intellectual crimes, and cyber crimes are related to a large extent. It provides a definition of each of the terms and attempts to show how, in actuality, the use of the term 'cyber crimes' subsumes both the Internet crimes and the intellectual crimes. The intellectual crimes can occur without having the Internet, but with the application of the Internet, the intellectual crimes occur faster, often leaving no physical trace of such crimes.
From the Paper
"Cyber crime is an umbrella term that covers both the Internet crime and intellectual crime. In other words, cyber crimes are those crimes that can be done with or with the help of the Internet. For example, to gain unauthorized access to someone?s computers in order to deleting files, altering web pages, posting stolen credit card numbers, and making unauthorized purchases. In addition, the cyber-crime involves child Pornography or exploitation, computer fraud, Internet harassment, and Internet bomb threats. Cyber crimes also include money laundering and unlawful banking transactions, use of organized crime records or books, and bookmaking. For example, in one case, a suspect committed murder by changing a patient's medication information and dosage in a hospital computer."
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G. Nettler?s ?Explaining Crime?, 2002.
This paper is a review of G. Nettler?s ?Explaining Crime?, which defines crime and its causes rather than ways of stopping crime.
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains Nettler?s analysis of crime and the response of society to crime, beginning with definitions of crime and continuing through an analysis of different types of crime leading to a consideration of socio-psychological explanations for crime. The author states that morals change over time, so the precise definitions, even of generally accepted crimes like theft and murder, will vary at different times, as reflected in the criminal code of a society. The paper points out that Nettler addresses the question of crime statistics, both how crimes are counted and reported and how society reacts to a rise and fall in numbers.
From the Paper
"The concept of rational crime is interesting as defined by Nettler--rational crime includes the wrongs we do one another in order to get what we want. Crime is thus defined as rational because it has a purpose, even though that purpose may be immoral. A rational act is something done consciously, and crime is something done from volition and so consciously. Rational crime can also be seen to have some reason for existence, and Nettler states that an "immediate implication of the conception of some crime as rational is a challenge to the popular psychiatric assumption . . . that crime is a 'symptom' of social and personal sickness". This is thus a counter to the medical image of crime and instead sees crime as a rational choice, a balancing of possible punishment against potential gain. Certain kinds of crime more readily fit into this view than others. Organized crime as it is usually envisioned would be a rational choice balancing these competing interests, while a crime of passion would not fit into this mold. A medical symptom would not explain high crime in poverty areas, but a sociological view of a symptom as a social lack that crime seems to fulfill would."
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