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The Marxist Utopia, 2006.
This paper discusses Karl Marx's political theories and beliefs.
1,573 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper explores Marx's theories and is of the opinion that Marx is undoubtedly the most influential person in the last one and a half centuries. The paper maintains that this is because Marx vigorously espoused a cause that is close to the heart of billions of workers all over the globe. The paper discusses how Marx was influenced by Hegel in his dialectical method as well as Engels and his other contemporaries and fellow revolutionaries. The paper concludes that through his hard work and focus on his vision, Marx forged a distinct worldview that has greatly changed and is still changing the political map of the world.
From the Paper
"Marx had a scattered and incomplete account of his conception of a communist society. Much of the knowledge available is from his analysis and critique of capitalism from which he made projections as to the nature of communism that he contends is diametrically opposed. It is in this context that Marx suggests discovering new worlds through the criticism of the old. Thus, to better grasp Mark's conception of communist society, one must delve into his critique of capitalist bourgeois society together with his analytical framework and worldview that vastly differed with the prevailing dialectical materialism and historical materialism."
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Race, Ethnicity, and Utopia, 2005.
A look at the topic of utopia in literature and how utopia deals with problems of racism and ethnic differences.
3,019 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This essay deals with the way that race is an issue in three modern utopian or distopian art pieces, David Brin?s "Kiln People", the recent movie release of "Lord of the Rings", and the "Star Trek" television series. The paper explains that these three sources have been selected because all three of them are among the most popular of recent works in their respective genres, and each presents a strong utopian vision which, on the surface, is devoid of racism and may even present anti-racist messages, but at its center actually deals with serious issues of race and ethnicity.
From the Paper
"Even before Moore, though, philosophers such as Plato created imaginary societies that showed the problems and the potential of the world. The earliest Utopias were probably places like Plato?s Republic, which while not overtly racist did include stratification into slaves and masters and a ?myth? that different people were born of essentially different qualities . Writing about Utopia was resumed seriously during the Renaissance, as interest in ideal government and long-lost cultures was renewed. (Donough) It became extremely prominent as a form of fiction, in addition to being philosophical, during the Victorian age and through the early 1900s. This was when science fiction was first being pioneered by people like Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, (Wagner) and they were among the first to integrate Utopian and Dystopian story-lines into their fiction. For example, Well?s The Time Machine, includes a very Dystopian idea of the future in which all humans are split into two competing and incomplete races."
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Plato's "Republic" and More's "Utopia", 2002.
A comparison of Plato's "Republic" and Thomas More's "Utopia".
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper compares aspects of Plato" Republic" and More's "Utopia", including political systems, economic systems, societal responsibilities and communications. The author also discusses the pros and cons of each Utopia.
Each utopia has fundamental ways to keep society from
degenerating. Their economic system, communications,
societal responsibilities, and political systems show how
they try to do this.
Communications: Each utopia has a different stance on
communicating with the outside world.
Societal Responsibility: Each utopia provides a different
way to produce the desired effect of having each
member of society provided for.
Political System: Leaders of each utopia are chosen
through different means.
Most attractive aspects of each utopia.
Least attractive aspects of each utopia.
From the Paper
"People complain most about economics, their ability to communicate, their responsibilities to society, and who is leading them. Both Plato and More attempt to solve the problems within these categories. They create societies in which these problems, according to them, are solved, so that the societies will run smoothly, and the citizens will remain happy. The two authors create differing societies; societies that are easy to compare and contrast as to their usefulness. Each society, because they do differ, contain both attractions to it, as well as things that would disenfranchise citizens."
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Urban Utopias in the 20th Century, 2006.
This paper explores two of the three 'urban utopias' described in Robert Fishman's "Utopias in the Twentieth Century" as envisioned by Frank Lloyd Wright and Ebenezer Howard.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper details the vision of a perfect society as proposed by Frank Lloyd Wright and Ebenezer Howard, both considered revolutionary thinkers of their time. This paper focuses on two of the three 'urban utopias' detailed in "Utopias of the Twentieth Century" written by Robert Fishman. Wright's vision of Broadacre City was to create small pockets of low-density development, reducing populations in major urban areas, whereas Howard's Garden City was planned to be an estate embracing an area of 6,000 acres. The writer of this paper also examines how Wright and Howard's visions influenced contemporary society and contends that evidence of their ideas can still be seen all over the world. This paper also discusses how both disagreed on many issues yet held similar views in their plans for the ideal city.
Table of Contents:
"Broadacre City"
"The Garden City"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Suburbs generally could be said to have little or no meaning. Many of them are purely bedroom communities, with few businesses, perhaps a branch of the local bank. Many do not have economies that could support them. People who live in the commute as much as an hour and a half each way to their place of work on a daily basis. One's car becomes more of a home environment than any other place. Energy consumption in the U.S. due to the availability of cheap energy is through the roof, most of it provided by fossil fuel, not the least of the culprits is the automobile."
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Classical Marxist Theory and Literature, 2005.
This paper discusses the classical Marxist approach to literature, which views literature as essentially a social and cultural production.
8,870 words (approx. 35.5 pages), 85 sources, MLA, $ 185.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that in its classical sense, Marxist theory does not deal explicitly with literature and art and does not develop an aesthetic of culture or literature. However, the theoretical trajectory of Marxist thought has impacted radically on art and literature as aspects of societal and cultural discourse. The author points out that the concept of dialectic refers specifically to the methodology or method of analysis, which is peculiar to Marxist theory;. In this sense, literature and art, as cultural products, are analyzed in relation to their social and historical context. The paper analyzes specifically " Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad, "A Passage to India" by E. M. Forster's and the writings of Charles Dickens and William Shakespeare.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview
Foundation of Marxist Theory and Literary Criticism
Marxism - Extrinsic and Intrinsic Approaches to Literature
The Premises of Marxist Criticism
Base and Superstructure
The Dialectic
Ideology and Alienation
Semiology and Psychoanalytic Theory.
Reader - Response Theories
A Marxist Critique of Literature
Analysis of the Echo in "A Passage to India": A dialectical reading
" Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad
Dickens
Shakespeare
Conclusion
From the Paper
"From this perspective, literary works are essential structures of ideological formations. In other words, literature expresses and represents the ideals and aims of class formation that persist and maintain the society. "Literature is for Marxism a particular kind of signifying practice which tends to make up what can be termed an ideological formation". Therefore, Marxist critical perspectives will attempt to explain literature from within its social context and in relation to that particular historical time period. This in turn relates to basic strategies, such as the identification of class structures and class struggle within the literature of a certain historical period."
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The Failure of Marxist Revolutions, 2002.
Argues the potential benefits for society of a Marxist revolution and cites the reasons for the failed Marxist revolutions in Nicaragua, Cuba and Grenada.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the meaning of revolution and why the Marxist revolutions in Nicaragua, Cuba and Grenada failed. The paper argues that a revolution promotes the advances of productivity and of the society in general. There are also fundamental changes in political and economic structure. In the case of Nicaragua, Cuba and Grenada, there were major changes, but the lack of economic and political freedom, in combination with U.S. pressure, made it impossible for those revolutions to succeed.
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"Utopia" by Sir Thomas More, 2001.
This paper analyzes the book "Utopia" by Sir Thomas More
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares Sir Thomas More's 2 works of "Utopia" and "United States". Both works together were commonly known as "Utopia" . It discusses the historical significance of "Utopia" and its attitude towards religion and compares how these ideas are parallel to the situation today.
From the paper:
"In Sir Thomas More?s book commonly known as Utopia, More presents an ideal society, which includes his idealized view of how religion might be practiced in such a perfect country.
"It is not possible to examine his view of the perfect religion without considering the times he lived in. Bork (1999) cited some interesting parallels between More?s era and the current one. More saw the common view of what was right and proper crumbling, particularly in the realm of religion. The Catholic Church to which More was devoted was being assailed on several sides. First Martin Luther challenged many of its core beliefs, and then Henry VIII, whom More was sworn to serve, formed a separate Church of England. Tynedale had produced a new translation of the Bible; church services could be held in English as well as in Latin; and the authority of the Catholic Church was being weakened (Philadelphia Society). Although the great majority of United States citizens today would reject the notion that there should be one, nationally recognized religion, many would see some similarities in our modern society and describe it as lacking a moral compass."
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?Utopia?, 2002.
A discussion of the cultural and historical contexts of Thomas More?s ?Utopia?.
2,660 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Thomas More?s "Utopia", a work that is a complex critique of sixteenth century northern European society. It examines how this critique is accomplished by way of postulating various ideal conditions that exist on an imaginary island called Utopia and how these conditions are contrasted with the conditions prevalent in the Europe of More?s day. It analyzes how one of these ideal concepts that Utopia gives us is the description of how perfection has been achieved, namely, through the eradication of pride ? the root of all evil in humankind. It examines this concept while being mindful of the socio-historical contexts of the sixteenth century.
From the Paper
"By the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Renaissance was coming into its own in France, Germany, the Netherlands, and England (although it was waning in Italy), by way of humanist thinkers. These northern humanists are sometimes called ?Christian humanists? in that they believed that it was a human being?s privilege to seek happiness in this life, and that this true happiness was based on reason; however this happiness was only truly attained by divine grace. The northern Renaissance particularly focused on a program of practical reform in a wide rage of areas, including religion, education, and government. But there was an inherent tension in this position, since often these humanist reformers were also members of the political establishment ? in brief, most were courtiers."
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"Utopia", 2004.
A comparative analysis of Thomas Moore's "Utopia" with Francis Bacon?s later version.
2,947 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the two different versions of "Utopia", penned by Thomas Moore in 1516 and Francis Bacon a hundred years later. It explores how Moore and Bacon each wrote about the possibility of utopia from his own perspective, how each had an idea of what stood in the way of a better society, and how each constructed a framework they believed would enhance their world. It looks at how Moore built from the theories of Marx and Bacon from the successful experiment in freedom being applied in the American colonies. Both of these theories still exist today; however, one has demonstrated itself to be faulty; and the other is still on the road toward a prosperous utopia.
From the Paper
"The second cornerstone of the economic and social prosperity which Bacon?s society enjoys is the widespread success of ocean bearing trade. The people have an elaborate system which keeps members at sea, seeking to trade and bring home treasures. At the time of Bacon?s writing, ocean going trade was the source of a nation?s ability to build wealth. The new world and been discovered, and by the mid 1600?s, ships were traveling back and forth between England and the America?s carrying gold, agricultural goods, and mountains of rare treasures which had never been seen in England. The increasing power of the ocean going vessels to find seemingly unending treasures through merchant voyages was extended into Bacon?s utopia. If small companies could increase wealth for small groups of people, then in his island nation, the entire nation could increase their wealth by a full commitment to the same."
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Marxist Interpretations of Hamlet, 2008.
A Marxist interpretation of William Shakespeare's "Hamlet".
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
In this essay the writer examines Hamlet from a Marxist perspective. It is shown how the class structure associated with a feudal society drives the action in Hamlet. Particular attention is placed on the relationships between the royal family and their courtiers. The writer notes that these relationships show how the class system associated with a feudal society results in an aloof upper class that exploits a subservient lower class. The writer concludes that a Marxist criticism looks at how class, material production and the history of material production can influence a work. The writer maintains that Hamlet can be successfully analysed using a Marxist perspective.
Outline:
Introduction
Thesis
Historical Context/Material Context
General relationship
Upper Class Exploitation of Lower class
Lower Class Encouraging their Exploitation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Denmark in the twelfth century was a feudal society. This meant that the economy was based primarily on agriculture and wealth was determined by how much land a person controlled. Feudal societies have a very strong class hierarchy with clearly defined upper classes and lower classes. In this type of society the upper classes essentially lived pampered lives of luxury by controlling the land and exploiting the lower classes. Essentially the upper classes control the means of production (land) and the lower classes sell their labour in order to survive. As a result of these material relationships the upper class is clearly dominant and the lower classes are subservient to them."
"This type of relationship is clearly apparent in Hamlet. The upper class lives in absolute luxury and is mostly preoccupied with their personal issues."
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?Utopia?, 2006.
An analysis of Thomas More's "Utopia".
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Thomas More's "Utopia," identifying the characteristics that he considered essential in order to obtain his vision of an ideal society. The paper also delves into the application and affect of More's Utopian society on the state of humanity at present. Given these analyses, the author of this paper posits that More's Utopia allowed humanity to realize its potential to achieve perfection. The paper shows how More's concept of Utopia enables humanity to transcend the limits and boundaries of life and the world that people live in, to create a purpose-driven life. This purposeful life, explains the paper, is the attainment of a state of perfection, i.e. the pursuit that seems infinite and impossible but is nonetheless instrumental in moving history and civilization forward.
From the Paper
"What makes the concept of Utopia new and controversial during More's time is not so much about its nature of perfection, but rather, the introduction of the idea that humanity can go beyond its present state towards the establishment where social, intellectual, and cultural progress are achieved. Furthermore, the fact that progress and development can be achieved due to human society alone and not due to a metaphysical presence had introduced people to a new form of free or liberal thinking, where humanity is the sole determinant that motivated all civilizations that occurred throughout human history."
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?Utopia?, 2002.
A review of Thomas More's "Utopia" on his ideal society.
3,952 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Thomas More in "Utopia" presents a view of human nature which is far more positive than negative. It looks at how More shows that human nature can be altered by altering the environment and if the environment is improved, meaning socially, politically and economically, then the behavior of human beings will be improved, bringing out the best in human nature. It analyzes how many other fictional "utopias", such as "1984" and "Brave New World", are more intent on critiquing the attempts to perfect humanity and human society and demonstrating the dangers and ultimate destructiveness of those efforts. It shows how More, on the other hand, believes in his utopia and the betterment of humanity and human behavior through the manipulation of the social environment and how unlike most other utopian writers, is not cynical about human nature and is not skeptical about efforts to bring out the best in that nature.
From the Paper
"To be fair to More, he himself recognized that his utopia was not likely to be manifested in the real world. He notes in the final lines of the work that his utopia is regrettably more a wish than a possibility in his own time: "I freely confess that in the Utopian commonwealth there are many features that in our own societies I would like rather than expect to see" (More 111). The question of More's view of human nature, and his general optimism about the positive social nurturing which could bring out the best in that nature, is a question of virtue. How good is man as he is, and hoe good could he be made if society encouraged goodness rather than acquisitiveness, fear, greed, envy, jealousy, selfishness, etc.? The heart of More's utopia with respect to virtue is the argument that virtue--that is, virtue as the goodness, rationality, generosity, and compassion of humanity--is encouraged and nurtured under a just political system."
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"Utopia", 2002.
A look at the irony of freedom in Thomas More's "Utopia".
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This undergraduate level paper presents the idea of Thomas More's Utopia as an ironic work. What is presented is an idealistic society in which many of the pains of everyday life are removed. The irony is that the life on Utopia is not truly the best state in the commonwealth because of fact that the citizens do not truly exist in freedom.
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Utopia, 2002.
This paper describes the society of Utopia as told to author Thomas More.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper details the way of life in Utopia- its inhabitants, society, laws, marriages- and compares it to life in England. Utopia is neither a dictatorship nor a democracy but a commonwealth whose primary focus is on intellectual pursuits.
From the Paper
"Portuguese traveler Raphael Hythloday tells Thomas More and Peter Giles about the ideal conditions and institutions of the inhabitants of the island called Utopia in the isthmus, which he boasts are far better than those in England at that time. Hythloday describes this society as based on rational thought, communal property, optimum productivity, no class distinctions, no greed for wealth or money, no poverty, a minimum of crime and immorality. Although the men dominate Utopia and women are politically powerless and without identity, women are considered privileged and enjoy greater advantages in it than those in England.
They are not given away in early marriage, i.e., before they are 18 years old and men cannot marry unless they are at least 22, which are rather mature ages. Those who violate this rule are severely punished and the subsequent privilege to marry is denied them, except with a special warrant from the Prince (More Book II 1516). When such a thing happens, the families of the couple suffer bad reputation, because it reflects on the parents? or families? failure to discipline and teach their children properly. Responsible parenthood to the Utopians consists in eliminating or taming the children?s sensual appetite, which drives them to satisfy it within marriage and suffer all the inconveniences of being married to one person for the rest of one?s life."
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Marxist Philosophy and "Germinal", 2005.
Understanding Marxist philosophy in the film Germinal (1994) by Emile Zola.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the Marxist French film "Germinal" (1994) and concludes that the premise of the proletariat and the bourgeois remain the central issues of class division that occur within. In the struggles that occurs between the workers and the company, there is a developing realization by the leading character, Etienne, and those around him that they must fight for their rights. Thus the film explores the relationships between the exploited proletariat and the ruling bourgeois. The conditions are atrocious and the employers do not care. The paper looks at Marxist philosophy and shows how this applies to the plot of the plot.
From the Paper
"This study will analyze the film Germinal (1994), directed by Claude Berri, and based on the self-titled novel Germinal by Emile Zola. In this film, the problems of Marxist philosophy explore the relationships between the exploited proletariat and the ruling bourgeois that run the mining village these people live within. In this manner, the clash between the owners of the mining company and the workers becomes a Marxist problem related to the exploitation of the proletariat and their plot to overthrow their bourgeois employers, as well as the government. The beginning of the film has Etienne Lantier wandering hopelessly around France without a job and without food and shelter. Zola has him begging for food at times, and also, he becomes enrapt in the idea of employment in coal mining when he sees newspapers and signs."
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