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Marriage in Various Cultures, 2004.
An examination of the differences in marital relationships in various cultures.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The difference in marital relationships between cultures is an important topic to explore. This paper explains that the exploration of this topic can lead to a greater understanding of these belief systems. This discussion provides a comparative analysis of the marital systems that are present in China and Africa. It discusses the traditional marital systems that are common to both cultures. It also explores woman-to-woman marriages and the concept of polygamy.
From the Paper
"An article in the Journal of Comparative Family Studies explains that traditional Chinese Marriages were arranged by the parents. (Zang, 1993:35) The journal asserts that many marriages were blind and that parents had the most control over who their children would marry. (Zang, 1993:35) The article insists that in some cases minors were contracted into marriage when they very young but did not love with one another until they were older. In addition, the article explains that once couples are married many of them live with the groom parents. This is known as a patrilocal marital structure. (Zang, 1993:35)"
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Marriage in Three Cultures, 2004.
Marriage in Ancient Greek, Kikuyu and Igbo society.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, unlike in Ancient Greek and Kikuyu society, women in Igbo society have created their own alliances that, in significant ways, undermine the formal power of men.
From the Paper
"Fairy tales, Jane Austen novels, made-for-TV-movies, toothpaste commercials end with weddings and smiling brides - women being feted for their youth and their beauty. But while the brides in popular culture images seem happy enough, such happiness is in most cultures unlikely to last past the wedding day itself, for marriage has been in most historical periods and for most cultures an institution that has restricted and even abrogated the rights of women. We see how marriage has curtailed women's rights and straightened women's lives if we look at marriage and..."
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Circumcision & Marriage in African Cultures, 1994.
Examines individual & social significance of two related rituals of traditional African religion & culture, emphasizing the role of initiation.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
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This paper will discuss two areas of traditional African religion; the initiation of young people into society through circumcision, and the subject of marriage.
In most traditional African societies, it is customary for both boys and girls to undergo some type of initiation rite which marks the transition from childhood to adulthood. Frequently, these rituals involve circumcision. For boys, circumcision means that the foreskin of the penis will be cut away, whereas for girls the procedure is far more involved and indicates anything ranging from clitoridectomy (the removal of the clitoris) to infibulation, in which the labia are removed as well and the two sides of the vulva are stitched together. Initiation rites which.."
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Marriage and American Cultural Assumptions, 2003.
The cultural assumptions that shape common opinion about cousin marriage, polygamy and gay marriage in America.
1,446 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This essay compares the various ways in which American marriage ideals have resulted in the stigmatization of non-traditional types of marriage such as cousin, polygamous and homosexual. It emphasizes the roles of religion and reproduction in determining which types of marriages are considered acceptable. The writer concludes that while American has had a rapid push towards civilization and culture, this has led to the stigmatization of American citizens who are simply pursuing marriage in nonstandard ways.
From the Paper
"Morality and evolution have come together to form American cultural assumptions about marriage. Consequently, both American society and law have banned and stigmatized cousin, polygamous and gay marriages. Because many people in America regard marriage as a sacred institution comprising the basis of civilized society, an inability to reach this status has serious social and legal consequences. American cultural assumptions have limited the purpose of marriage to one particular pattern of reproduction, stigmatizing people with other beliefs or practices."
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| Term Paper # 41377 |
temporarily unavailable
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The Yanomamo and Cross-Cultural Marriage, 2002.
An introduction to the South American Indian tribe, the Yanomamo and and an exploration into their customs, including their system of cross-cultural marriage.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
A paper which examines the Yanomami people - a remote tribe in the Tropical Forest on the border between Venezuela and Brazil. The paper shows their customs and culture and focuses on their system of cross-cultural marriage which follows a bilateral cross-cousin marriage system. The paper also discusses Napoleon A. Chagnon, a young American ethnographer who brought the knowledge of Yanomamo ethnography to the world.
From the Paper
"The practice of infanticide is practiced in their culture. This is one of the reasons why there are more males than women. If a female is born she is killed at birth. They feel that women are inferior. Some Yanomamo women kill their infant because they fear the wrath of their husbands for having a female baby. The Yanomano may choke the baby with a vine, suffocating the infant by placing a stick across her nose, or slamming her against a tree. "
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Trans-Cultural Marriage, 2005.
This paper discusses trans-cultural marriages, which defy ancient taboos by forming intimate relationships with partners from other cultural, religious and racial backgrounds.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that trans-cultural couples not only face the challenges of all marriages but also have the added burden of their distinct backgrounds. The author stresses that the most important issue in trans-cultural marriages is to face the issues and not avoid them for the sake of buying peace with your selves and your families. The paper relates that cultural differences often remain invisible until they have been violated; therefore, one important task for couples from mixed backgrounds is to define, understand, learn and deal with their different culture codes.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Typical Situations
Some Basic Rules about Mixed Relationships
1. Face the Issues
2. Clarify Your Different Cultural Codes
3. Sort-Out Confusion about Your Own Identity
4. Understanding the Zones
Three Cultural Dimensions
1. Time
2. Cohesiveness of the Family
3. Emotional Expressiveness
Conclusion
Determination and Endurance Pay Off
From the Paper
"The reason why people in mixed relationships might sidestep such issues might be very similar to why all couples might avoid facing potential problems. First of all such unions are romantic relationships. Such romanticism can distract people from focusing on the ordinary problems that are part of everyday life. Most couples do not want to spoil a newfound love by talking about the potential for future problems. Furthermore, there is an added sense of romanticism for culturally mixed couples especially if there is disapproval from the couples' families. Cut off from their loved ones, the couple is pushed into each other's arms, and joins in their animosity for their respective families and in doing so may fail to experience normal uncertainty about their new relationship."
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Cross-Cultural Marriages, 2005.
An examination of the phenomenon of cross-cultural marriages and factors influencing their success or failure.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the success of mixed marriages depends on the compatibility of the members in the couples, the type of mixed marriage, and the society in which the mixed marriage occurs, rather than on any certain percentages for failure or success. Includes a two-page outline.
From the Paper
"The marriage institutions has survived thousands, maybe more, years without any significant changes. Nowadays, however, the marriage relationship is experiencing dramatic changes. Marriage is one of the oldest and most sacred relationships in the world. Until a few decades ago, its definition was simple and its outcome was expected. This is no longer so since over the past decades a revolution has occurred in the meaning and the outcome of marriage. Marriages need not be between similar background people any more and, in some cases, does not even need to be between males and females. Couples no longer stay together because they should or because it is for the sake of the children, but only if they want to and are happy. Quite simply, globalization and cultural developments have changed the concept of marriage. This is also obvious in traditional societies such as Egypt. Just a few decades ago, acceptable marriages traditionally occurred within the family or, within the circle of family friends or acquaintances. Mixed marriages were rare, and almost unheard of. Today, and as the world transforms into a global village, mixed marriages are becoming more common. A mixed marriage, defined in "What About Cross Cultural Marriages," is a marriage between people from different cultures; this includes cross-cultural, cross-racial and cross-religious marriages."
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The Legalization of Gay Marriage in the United States The Legalization of Gay Marriage in the United States, 2006.
A discussion regarding the controversial issue of same sex marriage in the USA.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the long debated issue of gay marriage in the United States. This paper reports how proponents of the issue contend that same sex marriage is not about gay rights but about human rights. It further discusses how these individuals believe that gays in modern society have long been subjected to inequalities and a lack of support from the social order. The opponents of the gay marriage issue refer to a stereotypical framework for gays in general that suggests that gays are evil and dangerous to children.
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The Definition of Marriage, 2003.
A discussion on whether it is possible to formulate a definition of marriage with cross-cultural validity.
3,925 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the arguments over how one can formulate a cross-cultural definition of marriage. Through a literature review, it looks at some some definitions of marriage as well as some of the ethnographies that subvert and call into question how we actually conceptualise marriage. These include the Na of Lijang, the Nayar of central Kerala, the debate over the Virgin Birth and Bourdieu?s work on marriage with a parallel patrilateral cousin. It attempts to show how these case studies call into question some of the basic understandings of kinship and marriage as formulated by both descent and alliance theorists. It concludes by looking at some of the more recent developments in kinship theory and how they can help us work towards a definition of marriage.
From the Paper
"The economic and social factors involved in marriage have tended to be reified by many kinship theorists. One can trace some of the origin for why marriage definitions and kinship studies of marriage have been reified and abstracted in an attempt to produce harmonious wholes in the Virgin Birth debate. Dogma and ritual, Leach (1968) points out, to not necessarily correspond to internal states. One could equally argue that the reified systems of kinship studies show little relationship to how marriage actually works in all of its ambiguities."
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History of Marriage in India, 2007.
This paper traces the history of marriage in India, citing its religious and cultural importance.
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of marriage in India, where it is viewed as a sacrament and the greatest bond between a man and a woman and between their families. The author discusses arranged marriages and the role of sexual intimacy in marriage. The paper further highlights the different outlooks on marriage between Northern India and Southern India. Also considered is the impact of other cultures in India, including Islamic and Western Culture. The author concludes that despite these cultural influences, marriage remains a sacrament in India.
From the Paper
"The greatest event in a family in India is a wedding, which celebrates and evokes every possible social obligation, kinship bond, traditional value, sentiment and economic resource (Encyclopedia of Nations 1995). It is considered essential by virtually everyone in the country. The individual sees it as the setting for one's transition to adulthood, which is the result of a combination of choices by everyone in the group or family. Everyone is born in a family and the choice of a family is beyond individual choice, which is why arranging a marriage is a critical responsibility of parents and other relatives on both sides. Some Indian parents make this arrangement at the birth of a child while some wait until later. Child marriage was practiced by small ancient groups, especially the Rajasthan, for their children under the age of five (Encyclopedia of Nations, Stormloader). Hindu scriptures sanctioned the practice and its early consummation and emphasized that a girl should be married before puberty or before her first menstruation. If not, she would go to hell because it would constitute abortion. Their Prophet Islam taught that marrying young girls from 2 to 8 would be ideal. Indians also fixed the age of the groom at ideally three times that of the child bride..."
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Indian Marriage, 2002.
A look at the culture and traditions of marriage in India.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
A review of the societal perspective and traditional aspect of the Indian marriage and its dynamics.
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Arranged Marriage in Sri Lanka and Japan, 2005.
This paper provides a cross-cultural analysis and looks at the issue of arranged marriages in Sri Lanka and Japan.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine, compare and contrast the arranged marriage practices in two specific cultures: a rural Sri Lankan village and metropolitan Japan. The subsequent discussion not only reveals some of the basic practices in arranged marriages in each culture, but also suggests conclusions about the basic commonalities in such practices and how development has had an effect on the practice.
From the Paper
"Of all of the anthropological concepts routinely studied in ethnographic analyses, marriage is probably one of the most ubiquitous. All human societies demonstrate some form of marriage even though anthropologists cannot necessarily agree upon how marriage should be defined in a universal fashion. Nonetheless, marriage is an important part of every human society because it helps dictate kinship organization and determines individual roles within the community. Understanding the ways in which cultures treat marriage can be extremely important in understanding the most basic operations of that culture."
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San and Yonomano Cultures, 2002.
Comparing San (living in Southern and Central Africa) and Yonomano (living in the Amazon Basin) cultures.
2,021 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the cultures of the San and Yanomam?. Specifically, it looks at how and why San culture has changed since 1948. It aso compares and contrasts the San and Yanomam? with respect to marriage and kinship in both cultures.
From the Paper
"Outwardly, the !Kung San live very much as their ancestors did thousands of years before. They are one of the last hunter-gatherer sects still surviving in the world today. They live in Africa, in out-of-the-way areas in Angola, Botswana, and Namibia. The author studied the San in 1969, and wrote her book "Nisa" in 1981."
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Hindu Marriage, 2006.
An examination of the Hindu view of marriage as demonstrated through marriage customs and rituals.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Hindu outlook on marriage as reflected in the elaborate traditions and rituals surrounding the marriage ceremony. Hindu marriage is further described as both an important means to foster love for the entire extended family, and as a means of spiritual growth for the couple. The three main parts of the marriage ceremony are described, including the pre-ceremony, the ceremony proper, and the conclusion of the ceremony. The author contends that the elaborateness of the rituals serve as a reminder of the importance of the marriage both to their families and the couples' own spiritual lives for the remainder of their union.
From the Paper
"A Hindu marriage ceremony can be divided into three main parts: the pre-ceremony, the ceremony proper, and the conclusion of the ceremony. The pre-ceremony includes a reception that is held by the bride's parents for the groom and his parents at the entrance of the marriage hall. After this first reception, the bride's father meets the groom on the stage, and gives several presents to the couple. The daughter is then given away by the bride's parents (Hinduism.co.za). Pre-marriage ceremonies can also include Pair Pana (where sweets and gold coins are exchanged), and Milni (where sweets, ornaments and token money are exchanged) (Mypurohith). The bride's feet and palms are decorated with Mahendi before the ceremony (Vivaaha.org)."
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