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Mao's China, 2006.
A review of "Congratulations, It's a Girl" Gender and Identity in Mao's China" by Yanmei Wei.
1,028 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Wei's personal story of a women living in Mao's China. It provides insight on the situation for Chinese women. It describes the gender issues that exist in the society. Even more importantly, it allows one to see how real women are impacted by the gender issues. The author of the paper concludes with a personal opinion and notes how the culture is changing.
From the Paper
"Another point made by Wei is that there is nothing that women can do to change the beliefs and traditions that individuals from the Mao generation have. She describes how she and her sister have achieved a lot, which might suggest that they could win the support of others and change things. However, she notes that no action she takes is enough to go against traditions. This is also seen in the way her sister tries to fight the traditions and gain acceptance. Wei describes the response of the elders as generally being to ignore her sister's problems and treat them as insignificant. It seems like this is the only way that things could be, since it becomes impossible for one to stand up and demand to be given more respect if the person demanding the respect is not considered as important enough to be listened to."
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"The Spider Eaters" - An Inside View of Mao's China, 2007.
A review of the book "The Spider Eaters" by Rae Yang.
1,132 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Rae Yang's memoir - "The Spider Eaters". The paper explains that the books is the story of a classless person who came of age during the Cultural Revolution and who obviously worked hard to present her experiences in a direct and emotional manner. The paper explains that Yang's volume covers the decades between 1950 and 1980 and clearly illustrates the cruelty that Yang came to see all around her though a committed communist and Red Guard. The paper also shows how Yang's memoir points to Mao as a very aware person, a megalomaniac in Communist clothing who had no care as to the degree of cruelty that was inflicted through an entire society, or how this experience might shape future Chinese society and politics. In conclusion, the paper shows that Mao and the Chinese Cultural Revolution destroyed the Chinese who might have had much to offer the socialist experiment, drove great wedges between people and accustomed the Chinese once again to conditions of great fear.
From the Paper
"Mao's regime could be, just as the Red Guard she came to recognize as brutal, a movement quickly dissolving into anarchy, a kind of gang warfare, till the Red Army intervened. This is an interesting revelation given that one is so often instructed that Mao was not aware of the abuses inflicted on many Chinese during the Cultural Revolution, that the Red Army had somehow taken over or carried out what he had not intended. Yang's memoir points to Mao as a very aware person, a megalomaniac in Communist clothing who had no care as to the degree of cruelty that was inflicted through an entire society, or how this experience might shape future Chinese society and politics. Yang's volume covers the decades between 1950 and her 1980. Shortly after, Yang left for the United States where she made her career."
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Communist China under Mao, 2005.
A discussion on how the CCP maintained control during the Maoist Era (1949-1976).
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), under its leader Mao Zedong, took control of China in 1949. The paper describes how, within a year, it had consolidated its control, and it continued to maintain control during the Maoist Era (1949-1976). The paper further discusses how, to maintain control, the CCP use a variety of methods. The paper analyzes their political methods of control, including emphasizing campaigns, role models and the bandwagon effect; and their ideological methods, including a heavy emphasis on community ideology and class theory. All of this was underpinned by massive use of brute force.
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Mao Tse Tung and China, 2002.
This paper studies the reign of this Communist Chinese leader.
3,430 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a synopsis of the first millennium of Chinese history and the rise of Mao Tse Tung to power. It traces the childhood and early history of this communist leader and explains his take on Marxist and Communist ideology. The paper then turns to discuss the first phase of Chinese political and economic development (1952 to 1957) and Mao?s economic policy. The era of the ?Great Leap Forward? is explored and the 1959-60 famine is brought up as Mao?s first failure. The paper looks at the involvement of Deng in China?s leadership before and after the death of Mao Tse Tung and at Mao?s status as a visible icon throughout China. His aims and involvement in the Cultural Revolution of 1966 are studied and the differences between Mao?s and his successor, Deng?s leadership are raised. The paper concludes by evaluating and comparing the relative successes of these two leaders.
From the Paper
"Though both were dedicated to the communist ideology, as each had their time at the helm as Emperors in their own right. Mao Tse Tung was the high priest of Chinese communism, charismatic, energetic, calculating, and a true personal power. Mao led ideologically with great slogans and focused on what should be rather than what was, he actively shunned the West, and maintained an archaic absolutism based upon a cult of personality that resulted in the failures of the Great Leap Forward, the Famine of 1959-1960, and eventually to the Cultural Revolution. It is the purpose of this paper to examine the impact of Mao Tse Tung?s ideology upon the form and function of China."
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Mao and Model of 'Greater China', 2005.
An analysis of two thematic questions concerning China
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper consists of two thematic questions, the first, discussing Mao's shift in focus after the losses of 1926-1928, towards pragmatism; contrasting opinion of the time as contributed by Meisner and M.C.Wright... the second question, the claim to a budding 'Greater China' as rejected by Harding and others, but asserted to be so by American pro-capitalist analysis. The introduction and concluding remarks emphasize the need for varied opinion on Chinese phenomena, but also, awareness of foreign orientations.
From the Paper
"Two thematic questions discussed in this paper indicate the importance of obtaining varied opinion when trying to understand Chinese developments. A first discussion of what Mao learned from the experiences of 1926-1928, in relation to the opinion of Western scholars is followed by a second discussion of the model of 'Greater China' that some scholars maintain, although it is shown to be very debatable. "
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How We Lost China, 2001.
This essay discusses the policies of the Truman administration regarding China during the 1950's.
1,045 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 36.95
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Abstract
A description of how the US "lost" China, the Truman administration's policies toward China, and Mao Zedong's intentions during and after the civil war between Chinese Nationalists and Communists.
From the Paper:
"On October 1, 1949, from a reviewing stand atop the Gate of Heavenly Peace in Peking, Mao Zedong formally announced the People?s Republic of China. This moment marked a great victory for Mao and the Chinese Communists, but also the undoing of Mao?s intentions to ?establish relations with any country willing to respect China?s international equality and territorial integrity,? including the United States. Mao knew China could not prosper without international help, but his victory over the Nationalists made relations with the US impossible."
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The USSR and China, 2004.
An examination of the relations that were built between the USSR and China following World War Two, with a focus on nuclear technology.
2,203 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, when the Second World War ended, the nations of the USSR and China formed a bond based in common interests for power and other advancements. It discusses how history was formed and developed by the agreements the two nations made, and one of those agreements was that Stalin was going to share the secrets of nuclear technology with Mao in return for several things, including military agreements, possible provocation of the U.S., and other favors. It looks at how Mao faithfully followed his end of the agreement and how Stalin backed out, promoting Mao to believe the USSR was working toward victimizing China, and with this belief, he ordered his technology experts to devote their time to the development of nuclear technology. It analyzes how, because of the broken trust between Stalin and Mao, China has become a formidable opponent in the field of nuclear technology.
From the Paper
"Mao?s belief that his country was a victim became strengthened when Stalin refused to comply with the earlier promise to share information. At that time Mao decided Stalin was becoming a threat to China as he held nuclear technology secrets. In the mind of Mao there was only one reason that his former ally would suddenly change his mind about sharing the agreed upon information and that was so the USSR could become a power over China and a serious threat to the future of the nation. When Stalin backed out of his word Mao believed Stalin was actually planning to become a threat to China and this was one of the motivating factors behind Mao?s decision to pursue the development of nuclear technology."
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Mao Tse-tung's Rise to Political Power, 2006.
This paper explores in detail the life and political career of China's communist leader Mao Tse-Tung.
4,660 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 65 sources, APA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper contains in-depth research into the history of China's communist leader Mao Tse-tung, speculated to be the most powerful person who has ever lived. This paper delves into Mao's political and military career and examines his writings and thoughts that dominated the functioning of the People's Republic from 1949-76. Mao authored some 2,300 publications and 740 million copies of his "Quotations" have been printed. Adapting communism to Chinese conditions Mao stressed the need for rural rather than urban-based revolutions in Asia, for reducing rural-urban differences, and for perpetual revolution to prevent the emergence of new elites.
Topics covered in this report include:
Introduction
The Young Mao
The Rise of the CCP - Mao Tse Tung - The Cataclysmic Years
The Civil War: The Revolutionary Mao
The KMT and the Long March
Achievements of the Kuomintang (KMT)
Conclusion
Endnotes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"One major area of dispute between Mao and the Returned Student leadership was military strategy. By early 1930s Mao had developed very strong opinions in this area. Despite the fact that he was without professional military training, he had always taken the strongest interest in war and strategy. The issues that divided him and the Central committee were not narrowly technical, but had important political implications."
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Literature Review Regarding Contemporary China, 2008.
A review of the literature regarding reform and thought in contemporary China.
2,964 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes three articles that relate to issues in contemporary China. It specifically examines "Rebuilding the Party's Normative Authority: China's Socialist Spiritual Civilization Campaign. Problems of Post-Communism" by Feng Chen, "Dilemmas of Thought Work in Fin de Siecle China" by D. C. Lynch and "Economic Reform and Ideological Decay: the Decline of Ideology, in Riding the Tiger - the Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao China" by Gordon White.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Reform and Ideology
Lynch on 'Thought Work'
Gordon White and Riding the Tiger
Feng Chen
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When studied after Lynch's paper and White's early 1990s summary, Feng Chen's work seem on target. He shows the Party's intellectuals and ideologists inventing work for themselves according to 'human interest' topics such as crime, removing unwholesome influences, bringing on patriotic education for the young - and these do point to some sort of socialist function. Ironically, the CCP is to run the Chinese state whose shifts to capitalism bring social problems and work towards correcting the social problems created. Feng Chen's discussion is effective in the irony of the CCP being unable to make a "normative order" according to socialism when nearly all else it pursues is so geared to capitalism. (41) An alert reader too will see that none of this matters because the Chinese show in different ways that, first and foremost, they want the benefits of capitalism. It seems like the CCP can have its moralizing intellectual and ideological "role" if it wants, because the Chinese want to be employed and have buying power. Also, they see the clear failings of capitalism as pursued by an archaic Party in millions of visibly poor people and the migrant worker population that is mentioned by others as a strong defect of the present system. If a reader follows the Chinese press, he or she can begin to think like an everyday Chinese who does not expect accuracy from the state media, does expect to be given some message of what it means to be a Chinese citizen, how China will be "great" of course, and as Feng Chen added, some instruction to do as the Party suggests. (33)"
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The Leadership of Mao Zedong, 2006.
An overview of the rise of Mao Zedong as leader of Communist China with a focus on the Long March.
1,801 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Mao Zedong's rise to power in the Communist Party of China and focuses, in particular, how the Long March, in which Mao led some 130,000 men and women across 6,000 miles of China's countryside, actually promoted and solidified Mao's leadership.
From the Paper
"Mao Zedong's leadership of 20th Century China has a heroic, almost mythic appeal to modern Communists, yet Chairman Mao cemented the majority of his power in the mid-1930s through a series of dramatic, forceful decisions. The greatest of these was a spectacular military campaign known as The Long March, in which Mao led some 130,000 men and women across 6,000 miles of China's countryside, losing nearly 120,000 of his soldiers to starvation and disease in the process. But by a magnificent twist of fate, instead of decimating him, the Long March proved his perseverance. It primarily created a mythology of Mao as Hero, but on more pragmatic terms it established a vital base of operations outside of the Kuomintang centers of power. It also strengthened his remaining army and roused support from a disgruntled peasant class who were later instrumental in shaping his mighty career."
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The Cultural Revolution in China, 2005.
A study of the last ten years of Mao's rule over Communist China, focusing on the domestic struggles and violent destruction of this era.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
A review of Communist China under the leadership of Mao, focusing specifically on the years 1966 to 1976. According to this paper, these ten years where possibly the most violent and unstable eras in the history of China. These ten years saw intense internal political struggle and horrific destruction.
From the Paper
"The last ten years of Mao's leadership of Communist China, from 1966 to 1976, was arguably one of the most violent and tumultuous periods in Chinese history. It was a decade in which the people of China were literally encouraged by its leader to rise up against the ruling class and take back control over domestic and foreign policy. It was a period of intense domestic political struggle as well as "appalling destruction" (Fairbank 383). In an effort to cleanse the nation of foreign influence and the trappings of the past - all of which were felt to undermine the egalitarian principles of Mao' communist vision - China quite literally tore itself apart. During the Cultural Revolution, as that period came to be known, Mao gave his support to the leftist radicals within the communist government (Wakeman par. 194). "
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The Mao Dynasty, 2001.
This paper compares and contrasts the socio-political structures in China under the Ming Dynasty and the People's Republic of China..
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 16 sources, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the socio-political structures in China under the Ming Dynasty and the People's Republic of China. In doing so, the author explores the differences between Confucius's philosophies and Mao's with its roots in Soviet Communism. A good part of the paper is devoted toward a discussion of Zhu Yuanzhang's totalitarian rule.
From the Paper
"In 1911 AD, a revolution in China overthrew the Manchu rulers and ended the Qing Dynasty. Over the next forty years China was ruled by various warlords, occupied by the Japanese, and eventually liberated by the nationalist forces of Chang Kai Shek, known as the Guomindang. However, before China could be restored to order, the Red Army of the Chinese Communist party, operating in small guerilla units, took first the North and then the South of China, forcing Chang and the remnants of his forces to flee to Taiwan. On October 1st 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the establishment of the people?s republic of China."
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The Political Economy of China, 2005.
An overview of the changes in China's political economy from the 1978 reforms of Deng Xiaping.
1,439 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Deng Xiaping started China's economic reforms in 1978 with the announcement of the "Open Door Policy" and how, prior to the introduction of the new policy, China had followed the radical, centrally directed economic policies of Mao that emphasized self-reliance and closed its door to trade with foreign countries. It also looks at the roles of Deng Xiaping, Jiang Zeminand and Hu Jintao's three generations of Chinese leadership in China's political economy, the achievements has China made since then and the main problems with today's Chinese political economy.
Outline
Deng Xiaoping's Economic Reforms
Achievements by China Since the Initiation of Economic Reforms
Major Problems in Today's Chinese Political Economy
Why China is Not a Democracy Yet
Evaluation of the Roles of Deng, Jiang and Hu in China's Political Economy
From the Paper
"Despite considerable economic gains made by China in the post-1978 period, it is still faced with a number of serious politico-economic problems. Corruption and other economic crimes have proliferated in China as it has moved towards a market-oriented economy. Unemployment, though not too high in terms of percentages (3% according to official figures ), translates into more than 20 million unemployed workers due to the large Chinese population. ("Economic Overview" Country Watch) In addition to the unemployed, it is estimated that 50 to 100 million surplus rural workers are adrift between the villages and the cities, barely surviving through part-time, low-paying jobs. There is a growing trend of inter-regional and urban-rural inequality with the rural areas and areas away from the booming coastal regions, falling significantly behind. Despite efforts at reforming state owned organizations and the closure of a number of loss-making industries, over half of China's large state-owned enterprises are still making losses."
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Mao Zedong, 2002.
An overview of the life and rule of Mao Zedong.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This undergraduate level paper is an exploration of the life of Mao Zedong. It focuses on his political leadership in China, his origins, and the nature of his rule. It concludes that, in the overall view, Mao's charisma was no match for his failures as a leader, which left China as little more than a barely industrialized Third World nation.
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"Red Azalea: Life and Love in China", 2006.
A review of "Red Azalea: Life and Love in China" by Anchee Min.
1,105 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Red Azalea: Life and Love in China" by Anchee Min. According to this paper, the book is based on "Red Azalea" a film Anchee Min worked on at a film studio in China. This paper tells us that "Red Azalea" is the story of the "perfect" Chinese woman - a woman who was loyal to the Communist Party and its teachings above all else, and that the film "Red Azalea" was written by Chairman Mao's wife, Madame Mao (Jiang Ching).
From the Paper
"The film means different things to the characters that are touched by it. For Min, it represents hope and the ability to make a name and a career for herself, and it represents respect from those around her. It also represents her absence from Yan, who she loves, or at least thinks she loves. Min is touched by the story, but she is more impressed with what being a star will mean to her life and her family. However, because her dream of being a star does not come true, the film also represents the end of Min's dreams, or at least the end of her life with Yan and the beginning of a new life. Min writes, "In the dark I realized that it was a lion's den I had entered. The darkness silenced a roaring cry. The coldness of thoughts froze me. I could hear the sound of my dream's spine breaking" (Min 170). Her dream of happiness seems like it will never come true, but that is not how the story ends. "
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