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Lean Manufacturing, 2004.
This paper discusses the concept called lean manufacturing, a manufacturing process that uses less of every resource, including material, time, and energy.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that lean manufacturing is a paradigm shift requiring that the organization be structured around the customer pull-value. The author points out that, since the early 1980s, manufacturers have moved away from the conventional Fordist push system of mass assembly line production toward a system of lean production. The paper relates that lean manufacturing is a more capable system of production than Fordism because lean manufacturing stresses quality and a quick reaction to market circumstances, using technologically advanced tools and an adaptable organization of the production process.
From the Paper
"Implementation of lean manufacturing consumes lots of time and it makes use of the concepts of effective plant layout, workplace organization, standardized work, customer demand-based manufacturing, quick changeover, one-piece flow, cellular manufacturing, batch reduction, teams, visual controls, quality at the source, point-of-use storage. Lean manufacturing also employs the contemporary essentials and technologies of scrap cutback, process enhancement in machining and tool selection over and above material selection, setting time reduction, Just-In-Time, Kaizan, top-notch manufacturing, synchronous manufacturing, and inventory management."
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Lean-Manufacturing in the Automobile Industry, 2002.
An in-depth study examining the transition in automobile manufacturing from a mass production approach to a lean manufacturing approach, due to the effects of globalization.
9,480 words (approx. 37.9 pages), 34 sources, APA, $ 194.95
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Abstract
The context of the problem investigated in this study is the contemporary automobile manufacturing approach where the competitive environment is increasingly global in character. Each automobile manufacturing operation in a single country is, in effect, in direct competition with counterpart operations in every other country wherever automobile manufacturing occurs. The problem is examined in the context of an automobile assembly plant of the TBC Company. The on-rush of economic globalization persuaded all American automobile manufacturers that a completely new approach to manufacturing was required in place of the hodge-podge of mass production and Japanese khan bhan techniques that had developed. The result of this conclusion was the development of lean manufacturing. The problem investigated in this study involves the transition in manufacturing from a mass production approach to a lean manufacturing approach. The main characteristics of the problem addressed are (1) materials management, (2) engineering changes, (3) machine, equipment and facility readiness, (4) labor flexibility, (5) outsourcing, and (6) cycle-time management.
Table of Contents:
Problem Context and Characteristics
Literature Review, Best Practices and Focal Organization Characteristics
Research Design
Gap Analysis
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The greater choice of suppliers in international markets makes it possible to reduce costs and improve the quality of procured materials. In relation to production, the generation of economies of scale can be realized either through (1) the concentration of all production activities or through (2) the construction of a number of plants according to the needs of specialization. Production in decentralized plants can facilitate the attainment of several objectives, including (1) lower costs, (2) learning curve economies, (3) the establishment of a company in foreign markets, (4) the introduction of new products, and (5) technical leadership (Gulati, 1995)."
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Lean Manufacturing, 2004.
An analysis of the implementation of lean manufacturing as a cost-effective and time-efficient method of manufacturing.
3,870 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the implementation of lean manufacturing in a custom transducer manufacturing company. The paper explains that lean production emphasizes waste elimination. Lean manufacturing requires a disciplined form of production. Every component of the manufacturing process is analyzed repeatedly for flaws and defects.The paper claims that lean manufacturing is a difficult change to implement in an organization, and it takes great discipline from the management to the rank-and-file worker to obtain the positive results of this methodology.
From the Paper
"The age of customization in manufacturing has given way to mass production. While there were many benefits to mass production, there were some aspects of mass production that were less than desirable. One of the primary negative aspects of mass production was the inventory. Organizations had to maintain inventories in order to ensure continuous production. Inventory includes: raw materials, component parts, subassemblies, and finished goods, and the various products and supplies required in the production and distribution process. Inventory can be a liability as well as an asset: excessive, finished (goods) inventory requires large warehouses; many times, this is the first indication of bad decisions in the production and process stages."
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Manufacturing Sectors in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, 2002.
An in-depth study which compares the manufacturing sector of Jamaica with the manufacturing sector in Trinidad and Tobago and why one is more successful than the other.
12,014 words (approx. 48.1 pages), 43 sources, MLA, $ 232.95
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Abstract
This paper compares, through the application of appropriate economic models, the development of the manufacturing sub-sector in Jamaica with the manufacturing sub-sector in Trinidad in order to identify those factors that have led to higher levels of growth in Trinidadian manufacturing than those prevailing in Jamaican manufacturing. The paper asks if the differences between Jamaica and Trinidad in the effectiveness of the transmission of export gains, have contributed to differences in the growth of the manufacturing sub-sector in the two countries. It also questions whether the differences between Jamaica and Trinidad, in relation to the development of internal obstacles emanating from governmental economic policy, have led to differences in the levels of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the two countries.
From the Paper
"Throughout the decade of the 1980s, Jamaica experienced economic growth. The nation?s mean growth rate for the decade was 2.2 percent, and the Jamaican economy recorded its highest growth rate, 4.1 percent, in 1990. Subsequently to 1990, Jamaican economy performed somewhat erratically through 1994 while maintaining growth. The economy was flat in 1995 and fell into recession in 1996, where it has since remained (World Bank, 1999). Gross domestic product (GDP) in Jamaica declined 0.7 percent in 1998 (Thomas, 1999). By the spring of 1999, Jamaica?s economy was described as being in a state of "shambles" after recording its third consecutive year of recession in 1998 (Gibbings, 1999, p. 1).
The Trinidadian economy, by contrast with that in Jamaica, was in recession throughout the 1980s, experiencing mean negative growth of 2.9 percent across the decade. Trinidad experienced two years of economic growth in 1990 and 1991 before falling back into recession in both 1992 and 1993. From 1994 through 1998, however, Trinidad recorded strong economic growth, although the rate of growth steadily declined from 3.8 percent in 1994 to 3.1 percent in 1998 (World Bank, 1999). By the spring of 1999, however, Trinidad?s economy was described as being in "rapid decline" (Gibbings, 1999, p. 1). GDP growth in the first quarter of 1999 slipped to two-percent (International Monetary Fund, 1999)."
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Just-in-Time (JIT) Manufacturing, 2004.
Examines how the Japanese JIT process is applied to the automobile industry.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
In our newly competitive global economy, manufacturers of all kinds have been forced to search for new opportunities that strategically reduce costs, yet still increase potential manufacturing revenues. The manufacturing of automobiles is just one such example of an industry adopting a new manufacturing process or philosophy in order to adjust to the global business environment, which has been fueled by the likes of foreign cheap labor, as well as all new emerging markets. The paper shows that, in the 1990s, reducing the labor force was the main corporate option, as layoffs, downsizing, and corporate re-structuring symbolized the approaches of companies attempting to produce quality outputs and cutting costs. Today, the manufacturing processes are working at bare-bones efficiency, so an all-new approach was required to meet the even higher quality demands of the consumers. Considering the likes of automobile manufacturers such as Ford Motor Company and General Motors, this paper shows that the automobile manufacturing industry began following the philosophies that were introduced by Toyota: Just-In-Time manufacturing. The philosophy of Just-In-Time inventory control was supposed to deliver new and far superior quality control methodologies, while at the same time creating much more efficient manufacturing processes. However, the Just-In-Time system or process approach has recently been referred to by many top executives as a management philosophy of doing business as opposed to being a technique for improving efficiency. This report, therefore, presents some insights into Just-In-Time manufacturing and also provides insight into some of the inherent difficulties associated with the Just-In-Time manufacturing process.
From the Paper
"The driving force of the Just-In-Time philosophy is the reduction of product defects. Manufacturers are well aware that with the internet and global television news, a single defect that is highly publicized could in affect destroy a producer's reputation. Thus, products today have the inherent need of being a completely defect-free which therefore entails that the manufacturing process of all components and parts must also be defect free."
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Strategic Planning for Riordan Manufacturing, 2005.
A discussion of effective strategic planning for Riordan Manufacturing.
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of strategic planning for a company specializing in plastic injection molding and design, Riordan Manufacturing. The paper points out that strategic planning is the very essence of long-term survival for a business. Since publicly-owned corporations like Riordan Manufacturing have the primary goal of maximizing shareholder wealth, strategic planning centers on the long-term growth in a company's financial position. Also, Riordan Manufacturing must constantly keep abreast of local, state, federal, and international laws, since a simple legislative act could affect them in any number of ways. Another primary concern is that of competition. The paper also suggests that Riordan Manufacturing should construct much of its budget based upon its economic forecast. The paper concludes that Riordan Manufacturing seems well-poised to continue its growth in the plastic injection molding industry, and appears to adhere to sound financial planning strategies, leaving little doubt that its shareholders are being appropriately represented.
Outline:
Strategic Planning
Economic Forecast
Master Budgeting Process
Assumptions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The formulation of any projected financial data must naturally include some assumptions. In the case of cash budgets, one important assumption of that of sales compared to collections from sales. Riordan quite clearly expects to collect revenue from sales during the month following the actual sale. For example, projected sales for July total $5,350,200 whereas projected collections from those sales are expected to be received in August under the cash budget.
"Another assumption appears evident in interest income. Given that collections from sales occurs up to a month--and possibly later--after the actual sale, Riordan has anticipated the interest income to be a fairly steady amount; as the figure does not change at any point throughout the fiscal year."
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Evolution of Manufacturing, 2000.
An examination of the history and developments in the global manufacturing industry, focusing on the automation-based "agile manufacturing" technique.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction
The term "agile manufacturing" has recently been coined in the manufacturing industry. While it lacks a clear or formal definition (Maskell, 1994, p. 39), it is does embody the spirit of the changes, which are taking place in the global manufacturing industry today. In order for an organization to compete effectively in the world markets of today, more is required than just an implementation of new manufacturing techniques or the latest in Enterprise Requirements Planning (ERP) software such as PeopleSoft, SAP, or Oracle. Instead, the company must change its basic business processes and operations such that products, quality and service become second to none. Therefore, "agile manufacturing" represents not simply a set of techniques; rather, it represents a total, perhaps radical, changes in the way the ..."
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Acme Manufacturing Company, 2004.
This paper recommends strategies that should be taken by Acme Manufacturing Company, a drug manufacturing company.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that full-time employees may become more difficult to find as unemployment drops; therefore, Acme needs to explore all avenues for labor access, such as outsourcing. The author points out that the company should develop retention plans to retain existing employees because turnover is very expensive due to retraining costs. The paper states that the FDA issued guidance to the industry on the use of new quality-testing technologies, which Acme should consider.
From the Paper
"The FDA?s new initiative will focus oversight only on the plants and processes that are more at risk for errors that affect patient safety as opposed to older practices of scrutinizing all production steps. The FDA is also seeking to minimize the number of production changes requiring advance approval and is planning to let companies submit interim manufacturing specifications for drugs. All these efforts open the door for the pharmaceutical industry to bring their manufacturing techniques in line with best-of-class operations in other industries. Given the tremendous numbers of recalls and rework and waste, there are ample opportunities for process improvement. For example, the FDA reported 354 prescription-drug recalls in 2002, almost double 1998 numbers. Five to ten percent of medicine that?s produced has to be reworked or discarded compared to 0.0001 percent in the semiconductor industry."
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"Synchronous Manufacturing" by Umble and Srikanth, 1991.
This paper is a chapter by chapter review of the textbook "Synchronous Manufacturing: Principles for World Class Excellence" by Dr. M. Michael Umble and Dr. M. L. Srikanth on manufacturing environment, cost systems and innovations including Just-In-Time
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
""Synchronous Manufacturing: Principles for World Class Excellence" by Dr. M. Michael Umble and Dr. M. L. Srikanth provides students with aids to understanding the dynamic manufacturing environment. This 262 page text reviews traditional approaches to manufacturing, including cost systems, and recent innovations, such as Just-In-Time. An index and bibliography help the reader find information within the book, and refer the reader to additional sources. Each chapter ends with a summary and a series of review questions to help the reader reap the maximum benefit from the information contained in the chapter. This research provides a review of the book in the form of chapter summaries.
The authors begin their text with the suggestion that the United States is losing ground in world manufacturing. "
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Globalization and the Impact on US Manufacturing, 2009.
A discussion of the impact of globalization on US manufacturing and the solutions to the problems.
5,626 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the negative impact that globalization has had on manufacturing in the United States. The paper first describes the history of outsourcing jobs. Next, it discusses the roles of the WTO (World Trade Organization) and NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and looks at whether they have reduced the problems for US manufacturing that have been caused by globalization.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
World Economy In The Last Two Decades
Technology: Globalization Of Markets And Production
US Manufacturing Companies Moving Facilities To China, Mexico, And Other Developing Countries
Solutions To Mending Manufacturing In The US
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper
"While it is clear that the present free-trade agreements have not culminated in anything 'free' to the United States, it is just as clear that the harm and negative impact to developing countries has been just as destructive if not even more so. And yet, it is desirable that the United States regain its level of manufacturing employment prior to the time when companies discovered the much cheaper labor in developing countries. In order to accomplish the goal of regaining levels of manufacturing employment it will be necessary that worker training, education and skill-building are focused upon. This can be best accomplished through implementation of Lean Manufacturing, which is a successful, effective, and proven system for optimizing productivity potential in the manufacturing industry."
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Riordan Manufacturing, 2007.
This paper examines the expansion project at Riordan Manufacturing.
1,079 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper examines an expansion project that would benefit Riordan Manufacturing and provides the rationale as to why this expansion project was selected. The paper provides a regional analysis of areas in which the expansion can occur. The paper shows how British Columbia is ideal for use as the principle site for expansion initiatives undertaken by Riordan Manufacturing while Mali, the second potential site, has too many limitations to be a viable choice.
Outline:
Introduction
Expansion within Riordan Manufacturing
Identification of Regions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Currently, the majority of management initiatives within Riordan Manufacturing have been isolated to Human Resources and through cultivating strong relationships with customers. The company developed and implemented a two-year plan that would significantly increase its earning revenue through sales by 2006, with an end goal of reaching the $50 million revenue mark. As the fiscal year has not yet concluded, there is still time to reach this goal; however, despite economic slowdown in the second and third quarters, the company remains positioned to meet this mark."
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Managing a Manufacturing Facility, 2002.
An applied knowledge paper for business management in a manufacturing facility.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Business management in a manufacturing facility is similar to existing management strategies in other companies, but there are additional concerns that must be noted in order to promote the welfare of a manufacturing facility over standard commercial enterprises. This paper functions as an applied knowledge paper that provides a concise look at business management strategies in general, as well as those that can be specifically tailored to a manufacturing facility.
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Manufacturing in New York, 2005.
A discussion of the status of manufacturing industries in New York state between and ...
4,830 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 40 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
A discussion of the status of manufacturing industries in New York state between 1970 and 2000, with a view toward showing how the manufacuring economy changed during that peiod resulting in a decline of manufacturing. Structural changes in place to restore the manufacturing economy.
From the Paper
The purpose of this research is to examine the decline ofmanufacturing in New York state from to The plan of the researchwill be to set forth the historical and economic context in whichmanufacturing in the state of New York achieved importance and then t
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Computer-Assisted Manufacturing, 2007.
This paper examines the role of human resources in training workers in computer-assisted manufacturing.
2,236 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 23 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses, from a human resources perspective, the various methods of training employees in computer-assisted manufacturing. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods are evaluated in terms of the training outcomes. Several examples of companies who have given computer-assisted training to employees are presented. The paper also discusses the role of transformational leadership during times of change within a company. Human resources plays a role in developing these leaders and promoting them. The paper summarizes the role of human resources for companies involved in manufacturing to stay competitive.
Outline:
Introduction
Management Training and Leadership
Changing the Image Associated with Manufacturing
Employee Training and Retraining
Implementation of New Hiring Standards
Conducting an Internal Audit
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Since the job market has become tighter in recent years as employment levels have increased, manufacturers must develop wider hiring standards, and train a person with no skills as compared to hiring a person with previously acquired skills. Research indicates that government assistance in the form of tax credits would encourage manufacturers to train their low-level managers and non-supervisory employees. Increasing credits for manufacturers who use state certified education/training institutions would strengthen relationships between the industry and certified training providers (Carnevale, 1990). These ideas imply that the anticipation of rewards is important as well as the perceived contingency between the behaviors desired by the organization and the desired rewards. This also implies that since different people desire different rewards, organizations should try to match rewards with what employees want. However, there may be possible difficulties. Employees may not believe that good performance does in fact lead to more desired rewards, and convincing them may require more changes than the organization is prepared to make. Poor selection and training of employees, for example, even with maximum effort, results in poor performance.
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Just-In-Time Manufacturing, 2002.
A study of the method of Just-in-Time manufacturing for business organizations.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the use of the Just-in-time manufacturing method. It describes the key strategy behind just-in-time manufacturing: less inventory means more cash, which is good for most businesses, and demonstrates the application of this principal. The author writes that with Just-in-time manufacturing, stock is wasteful and eliminated, but there are also negative effects on the environment involved in this alternative process.
From the Paper
"Just-in-time manufacturing is a method of manufacturing goods that was developed by Toyota in the 1980?s. Since that time, many companies around the world have begun to successfully implement just-in-time processes, including several companies in the United States. (Maskell, 1989)
"Just-in-time manufacturing is a method of manufacturing in which non-value-adding activities (or are identified and removed for the purposes of reducing costs, improving quality, improving performance, improving delivery, adding flexibility and increasing innovativeness."
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