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Locke's Property Argument, 2005.
An examination of John Locke's property argument in light of Jeremy Rifkin's critique.
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to analyze, in light of Jeremy Rifkin's arguments about the age of access, the plausibility of John Locke's arguments as models for understanding ownership and exchange in the contemporary world.
From the Paper
"Over the past decades, capitalism has undergone a revolution. That revolution, spearheaded by unprecedented technological innovation, has engendered an academic effort towards the redefinition of capitalism, and the reformulation of its infrastructural base. As Joyce Rothschild and Raymond Russell (1986) contend, information technology has struck at the very base of capitalism, rendering previously sacrosanct rules governing market relations and interpersonal economic exchanges, not to mention relationships between property and individual, obsolete (308-310). There is probable justification for the stated declaration yet, the authors have taken the issue a couple of steps further than is warranted."
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John Locke and Private Property, 2002.
Examines the views of philosopher John Locke on the subject of property.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
John Locke wrote at a time of social unrest and questioning, at a time when the long-standing sovereignty of kings as ordained by God was being questioned. Locke did not see the power of kings as derived from the will of God but rather as developing as the result of some social condition. The paper shows that Locke asked first what state man would be in if there were no government and he found that human beings originated in the state of nature, the state that existed before human beings came together to form a society and a government. It shows that Locke saw this state of nature as placing the individual into a state of perfect freedom, with no necessity to ask any other person before determining his or her own actions or disposing of their own property. Property was an essential element in Locke's thinking, with the relationship of the individual to his property as being of paramount importance. The paper shows that the ownership of property was seen as a fundamental right, meaning that it was a right born in the state of nature. For Locke, the defense of individual liberty is inseparable from the defense of private property.
From the Paper
"The individual in society does not have absolute freedom, showing that something has been lost from the state of nature. Locke sees human beings as having agreed to give up certain rights and powers through some form of agreement. Society is thus formed when men cede certain powers to a central authority. Private property rights are to be protected by this state that has been created--human beings have given up certain rights in order to assure the protection of their property from the depredations of others. Locke traces the concept of private property from the time when God gave the world to Adam and his posterity. Locke sees political power as being "for the regulating and preserving of property" (Locke 4), among other things."
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Locke And Hobbes On Property - A Natural Right?, 2002.
This paper discusses property as discussed by John Locke and Thomas Hobbes.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
It focuses mainly on the latter's views, but uses Hobbes as a point of comparison. In his "Two Treatises of Government" (1690), Locke sets forth a view that the state exists to preserve national rights of citizens. This was significant in his views on property, as we will see. Property is inherently the joining of the earth - which is common to all men - and the application of one's body - or his/her labor. The fruit of that union is considered property by Locke, who goes onto argue that property was, therefore, a natural right. Hobbes, on the other hand, argued that property was the effect of the commonwealth, which exists only through civil laws given by the sovereign. This essay will argue that Locke's account of the methods of and limits of property acquisition in the state of nature differ from those of Hobbes. Locke argued that property was a natural right; Hobbes did not.
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John Locke and Private Property, 1994.
This paper describes John Locke's theory of property relating to the individual and the state andcompares it to ideas of Hobbes & Rousseau.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"John Locke wrote at a time of social unrest and questioning, at a time when the long-standing sovereignty of kings as ordained by God was being questioned. Locke did not see the power of kings as derived from the will of God but rather as developing as the result of some social condition. Locke asked first what state man would be in if there were no government, and he found that human beings originated in the state of nature, the state that existed before human beings came together to form a society and a government. Locke saw this state of nature is placing the individual into a state of perfect freedom, with no necessity to ask any other person before determining his or her own actions or disposing of their own property. Property was an essential element in Locke's thinking, with the relationship of the individual to his property as being of paramount importance. "
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Marx and Locke on Labor and Property, 2002.
Discussion of the similarities and differences between Marx's theories on property and labor and Locke's theories.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The emphasis of this paper will be on Marx's position on property and labor, illustrating the similarities to the thoughts of his predecessor John Locke, known as the father of modern socialism in England. But while showing that the two theories have a great deal in common descriptively and analytically, there is also a great deal that separates them; such as their perspectives on private property.
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Locke, Marx and Property, Labour and Rights, 2002.
This paper discusses how John Locke and Karl Marx argued very different views of property, labor and rights.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 84.95
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Abstract
. Locke believed in private property rights and the state's obligation to protect them. Within this context, he extolled individual rights and the concept of the citizen's sovereignty. In his perspective, the state served the citizens and had to guarantee life, liberty and property. Marx, meanwhile, saw society through the lens of the "class struggle". He believed that the liberation of citizens would only come through the abolition of private property and, eventually, of the state itself.
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Aristotle and John Locke On Property, 1995.
Compares the philosophers' ideas in "Politics" (Aristotle) and "Second Treatise of Government" (Locke).
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 3 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine similarities and differences between Aristotle's discussion of the forms of property in Book One of the Politics and Locke's discussion of Property in the Second Treatise of Government. The plan of the research will be to set forth the principal lines of argument in each work, and then to discuss by means of comparison and contrast the manner and significance of the intersections and diversions of the two arguments.
Aristotle's treatment of the forms of property begins, not with a discussion of real (land) or personal (movable) property but rather with a discussion of slaves as property. What is crucial is that slaves are considered to be a part of the "life of the household and its activity, rather than with production: he [the slave] does not help in the making of things, but in ..."
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The Role of Property in Locke's Theory of Government, 2006.
A discussion regarding John Locke's theory of social contract.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how John Locke made a major contribution to the evolution of thinking about government. Along with two other major thinkers, he was the originator of the theory of social contract, which in turn laid a foundation for modern notions of democracy. This paper shows that the role of property was central in Locke's history of the social contract, and that in turn it was also central in his version of government.
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Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau and the Right to Property, 2002.
This paper discusses Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau and the right to property.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
In his Second Treatise of Government, John Locke provides his theory of private property and how it is connected to the rights of man. In his view, the right to property was one of the natural God-given rights.
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Theories of John Locke, 2002.
A discussion of Locke's theories of property, taxation and the state of nature.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the theories of the 17th century English political and social philosopher, John Locke, and the effects his ideas had on political events. Locke's theories of property, taxation and the state of nature as they pertain to the individual are explored. Two significant events said to have been influenced by Locke's theories, the "Declaration of Independence" and the "Declaration of the Rights of Man" are discussed.
From the Paper
"According to John Locke, the 17th century English political and social philosopher, although the entire earth and all its riches have been gifted by God to all men (and as such are the common property of the entire mankind), every individual has a ?property? in his own ?person.? Thus the origin of all ?property? is in each ?person? himself. This ?property? of the individual is the labor that he puts into his work during his lifetime. It is Locke?s contention that nobody has any right to such labor but himself. He believed that every individual takes some part of the common ?gift? that God has given to all mankind in the form of the earth?s resources, and by adding to that resource by his own labor an individual makes that resource into his own ?property.? And just as no one has any right to take away a man?s labor, no one has any right to take away this ?property? from an individual, either."
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Theory of Property, 2002.
A brief analysis on John Locke's theory of property/
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the theory of property offered by John Locke, the great English philosopher of the seventeenth century. He maintained that man's primary objective of creating a society is to safeguard his right of property and liberty. The protection of private property, he believed, should also be the most important duty of the Government.
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Disproportionate Possession of Property, 2006.
This essay explains the flaws in John Locke's argument that the disproportionate possession of property in society is just.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
John Locke, in his exploration of the basis of human social and political order through the retrogression of society to first principles, attempts to explain why the disproportionate possession of property evident in human society throughout history is a just outcome of human social and political evolution. As this essay argues, however, Locke's argument is flawed in a number of key respects, most notably in regard to the question of inherited property which Locke significantly omits to consider altogether.
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The Origins and Consequences of Private Property, 2001.
This paper is a comparison and contrasting of Locke and Rousseau's ideas on how private property came about.
2,375 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the different philosophies of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke with regards to the origination of the concept of private property. The author discusses how the philosophers differed in terms of defining human nature. The paper explores Locke's "Second Treatise of Government" and Rousseau's "Discourse on the Origin of Inequality".
From the Paper:
"In John Locke's book, "Second Treatise of Government," Locke sketches out a brief history of man in the state of nature and his progression from simple land dweller to land owner. In this description, Locke explains how the concept of property is necessary to human preservation and that property becomes property by having applied work, or effort upon an object. Locke explains that every man has property in his own person, and that nobody has any right to that property but that person."
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Individualism, Property and the Common Good, 2002.
Examines chapter V of John Locke's work "Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government" regarding private property.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This essay examines Chapter V of Locke's Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government in order to explore the development of his argument on private property. In this context, I will establish Locke's argument on private property and, from this, show how Locke's position can have potentially imperialistic consequences on the relationship between the individual and the commonwealth.
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John Locke and Politics, 2004.
A look at the contributions of English philosopher, John Locke, to political philosophy.
1,239 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how John Locke?s theory of politics was greatly influenced by the period dealing with consolidation of power in England, a time when King William was beginning to challenge the domination of Europe by King Louis XIV of France. It discusses John Lock's theory of government and property rights, which were the cornerstone of his book, "Treaties of Government".
Introduction
John Locke?s Philosophy on Government and Property
My Reflections on Locke?s Theory of Government and Property Rights
Locke?s Property Rights Vs. Pursuit of Happiness
From the Paper
"There were also conflicts between Protestants, Anglicans and Catholics. These difficulties eventually led to a civil war in England {1640s}. King Charles I was defeated in the war and there were intellectual debates about what type of government and institutions should be in place. The debates also focused on such other issues as the abolishment of the monarchy, the Anglican Church and the House of Lords. The establishment of Oliver Cromwell?s Protectorate, which ended with Cromwell?s death in 1650, followed this period."
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