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Literature Review: Five Articles on the Topic of the Determinants of Academic Success in Asian and other Visible Minority Children, 2002.
This literature review will examine five scholarly articles focusing on the topic of the determinants of academic success in Asian and other visible minority children.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This literature review will examine five scholarly articles focusing on the topic of the determinants of academic success in Asian and other visible minority children. The primary subjects in each studies are children of Asian ethnicity, with children of other ethnic backgrounds selected as controls or comparisons. The five articles were chosen from the existing body of literature on the basis of a brief review which noted points of similarity and contrast in each.
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Literature Reviews, 2005.
A collection of short essays analyzing a variety of short stories.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper consists of five separate, two page, mini-assignments. Each paper deals with short stories and ranges across at least twenty different authors. The topics of the essays range but generally have to do with topics such as tone, plot structure, language and dialect, narrative form, and convention. The papers provide textual examples from many of the short stories.
From the Paper
"Five Literature Assignments Study Guide 6: Conventional Versus Experimental Of the following five stories, two can be classified as realistic and conventional, while the three others should be considered experimental or surrealist. This study will examine some of the textual evidence from these stories to demonstrate why I have decided to classify each one as I did. The five stories in question include: "Girl" by Jamaica Kincaid, "Women from America" by Bessie Head, "Civil Peace" by Chinua Achebe, "Night Woman" by Edwidge Danticat, and "The End of the Duel" by Borges. Four of the classifications will seem relatively self-evident, while my decision to call "Night Woman" experimental might seem a bit more questionable. To begin, consider the two stories that I feel are more traditional and realistic than the others. These are "Woman from America" by Head and "Civil Peace" by Achebe."
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?Literature; Ancient Greek Literature?, 2002.
A discussion of the relationship between ancient Greek burial and death rites and ancient Greek literature.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses upon illustrating the relevance of the obvious emphasis and taboo regarding Greek burial or death rites as it is portrayed in a significant amount of ancient Greek literature. It examines how literature has long been a relevant source that historians as well as other scholars can turn to so as to glean at least a marginal understanding regarding the societal norms of the era or culture in particular.
Outline
Introduction
Generalities Regarding Ancient Greek Burial Rites
Relevance of Literary Illustrations Regarding Ancient Greek Perspectives on Death
Burial Rites Within Ancient Greek literature
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the first things that essentially needs to be taken into consideration is that, as a result of their significantly un-advanced and superstitiously primitive preconceptions and beliefs, that nearly all kinds of ancient literature is tinged, to some degree or another, with elements of the super natural or paranormal. The occult, witches, curses and ghosts, all are things that are mentioned, with varying degree of figurativeness and realism, within ancient British as well as Greek literature. Moreover, there appears to be a particular degree of emphasis upon the relevance and effectuality of such things as oaths and curses, especially in regard to the likes of such being implemented in concern to a particular person?s death or burial. This something that is quite strongly portrayed when Euripides? Hippolytus, the protagonist within the play, reasserts his confidence to his father in so much as taking an oath that in death may neither sea nor earth receive my flesh, if I have proved false (Lawson, 1964)."
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Gender Determinant Power in Chinese Literature, 2004.
An analysis of the representation of females in Chinese literature.
1,243 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Mu-lan, Jaia Sun Childers, Zhang Xinxin, and other contemporary Chinese female writers, persist with the idea that women cannot achieve a wholeness in the assumption of a role, whether it be that of Chinese soldier, revolutionary warrior, or scorned lover. It looks at how gender roles appear only to limit a woman; only once she has achieved wholeness with her femininity and her strength as a woman, outside of traditional bonds or in a cultural gender-neutral framework, can the Chinese woman truly aspire to autonomy, intellectualism, and love.
From the Paper
"Chinese women writers have found it necessary even in modern times, to reject the social roles that men have imposed upon them. These social roles represent one that is quite different from that which faced Mu-lan. For Chinese women writers of the 20th and 21st centuries, it has become more crucial for them to bring the idea of femininity into focus, as opposed to Mu-lan who had to hide her femininity entirely. Much of this stems from the Chinese Cultural Revolution. At this time, many of the traditional social and moral values changed, and lost their validity. At this time, women writers who produced works which embraced and celebrated femininity were widely criticized for having thought and ideas that ran counter to the revolution."
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Five Months, Five Questions, No Answers, 2002.
This paper reviews an article from the February 7, 2002 issue of "Business Week," about September 11.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the article, "Five Critical Questions," that appeared in the February 7 issue of "Business Week." The first question, asked and addressed by Stan Crock is, ?What Kind of Superpower? will America be in its future? The second question asked by Pete Engardio, deals with ?What?s Next for the Global Economy?? The third question, asked by Paul Starobin, is ?What is Moscow?s New Role?? The fourth question, asked by Dexter Roberts, is ?How does China Play its Hand?? The fifth and final question as asked by Stanley Reed is: ?Will the Arab Nation ever Change?? These questions and their answers are an attempt at understanding the tragedy of September 11.
From the Paper
"The first question, asked and addressed by Stan Crock is, ?What Kind of Superpower? will America be in its future? In the past, America has often claimed not to be a hegemonic or imperialistic nation, and Republicans such as Bush have generally refrained (at least in theory) from global government, internationalism, or ?nation-building? and tended towards isolationism. However, in the wake of a perceived active and growing terrorist threat, Bush is pushing America towards sweeping international power. He suggests that terrorist activity would be cut by aiding foreign governments in improving border controls and intelligence, overhauling their judicial system, and helping them to track the financial activities of citizens suspected of crime or terrorism, and providing military support for anti-terrorist or counter-revolutionary measures. Much of this would be done in cooperation with the World Bank. It?s unclear how far he will take this, as both many American citizens and foreign powers have deep reservations about such global controls."
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Quality of Life Nursing Care, 2008.
This paper discusses quality of life issues that support Canadian patients with terminal disease through a review of five articles on the topic.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, even with intervention and assessment, and to some degree intra-observer variation, quality of life may not be enough to define a patient's contentment with life when faced with end of life issues. The author points out that life-changing events and end of life issues can be so sudden that a patient and her family may find control over their lives involuntarily wrenched from them. The paper cites that the transcendence theory can be a powerful motivator to achieve health care objectives for helping bereaved patients, their families and their nurses "move on" to understanding how suffering and changes can affect new individual insights. The author relates that, in caring for the older adult, it is sometimes more understood than appreciated that they may have more complaints to attend to, more symptoms that they complain of and may even be difficult to approach. The paper then independently reviews five different articles on this topic.
From the Paper
"The second article tells of the triumph of the human spirit over seemingly impossible odds (McLean, 2006). In spite of his diagnosis of terminal colon cancer, firefighter lieutenant Mark Johnston underwent surgery in spite of the bleakness of his condition. What was remarkable was the camaraderie of his fellow firefighters, who would do what seemingly meant little more than keeping vigils with him. When Mark went into relapse after rejoining his team a year after, a testament to his spirit, he dispelled the prevailing myth of the palliative care unit's reputation for admitting patients that do not get discharged. In spite of this, Mark sought admission hesitantly at first, but with the constant show of support by family and friends during his times of greatest need and pain, he was able to eventually - and dramatically - return home."
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Ancient Roman Literature, 2008.
A discussion of the worth of Roman literature and a comparison of the meter and themes of Roman literature to Greek literature.
851 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the value of the works of the great Roman poets and prose authors. The paper specifically discusses how Roman literature and poetry is criticized because it lacks originality, being greatly indebted to the Greek texts. It describes the meter and themes of Roman literature and discusses how these, and even the mere details, are most of the times only imitations of the Greek writings.
From the Paper
"Thus, Roman art can be characterized by the lack of spontaneity and speculative power. The Romans were a logical and practical people, usually engaged in political affairs or warfare. The greatest conquerors of the antiquity, the Romans were also the greatest civilizing power. Their systematic and disciplined spirit laid the foundations of the Western civilization. As it is obvious from the lyric, dramatic and epical works of the Roman writers, they Roman people was certainly not inclined to philosophy as the Greeks had been. Indeed, the only writer who can be said to have contributed meaningfully to the realm of antique philosophy is the multidimensional Cicero, who is the only Roman methodological philosopher: "Philosophy was not a natural growth at Rome: indeed, it was regarded by the average Roman with definite mistrust, and we hear that philosophers were banished from the city in 161 B. C....The Roman, essentially a man of action engaged in the practical business of war or politics, was not given to pausing on his way to reflect deeply on the nature of the world or the ultimate meaning of human life."(Bailey, 183) The Romans were thus less preoccupied with the ultimate meaning of the universe and of life, as the Greeks were, but rather with the world of action and human behavior. Usually associated with imitation rather than creation, Roman art had nevertheless its own force precisely through its absolute conformity to classicism."
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Classical Marxist Theory and Literature, 2005.
This paper discusses the classical Marxist approach to literature, which views literature as essentially a social and cultural production.
8,870 words (approx. 35.5 pages), 85 sources, MLA, $ 185.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that in its classical sense, Marxist theory does not deal explicitly with literature and art and does not develop an aesthetic of culture or literature. However, the theoretical trajectory of Marxist thought has impacted radically on art and literature as aspects of societal and cultural discourse. The author points out that the concept of dialectic refers specifically to the methodology or method of analysis, which is peculiar to Marxist theory;. In this sense, literature and art, as cultural products, are analyzed in relation to their social and historical context. The paper analyzes specifically " Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad, "A Passage to India" by E. M. Forster's and the writings of Charles Dickens and William Shakespeare.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview
Foundation of Marxist Theory and Literary Criticism
Marxism - Extrinsic and Intrinsic Approaches to Literature
The Premises of Marxist Criticism
Base and Superstructure
The Dialectic
Ideology and Alienation
Semiology and Psychoanalytic Theory.
Reader - Response Theories
A Marxist Critique of Literature
Analysis of the Echo in "A Passage to India": A dialectical reading
" Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad
Dickens
Shakespeare
Conclusion
From the Paper
"From this perspective, literary works are essential structures of ideological formations. In other words, literature expresses and represents the ideals and aims of class formation that persist and maintain the society. "Literature is for Marxism a particular kind of signifying practice which tends to make up what can be termed an ideological formation". Therefore, Marxist critical perspectives will attempt to explain literature from within its social context and in relation to that particular historical time period. This in turn relates to basic strategies, such as the identification of class structures and class struggle within the literature of a certain historical period."
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International Business, 2004.
A detailed discussion, based on the review of five different articles, of five topics pertinent to international business.
5,196 words (approx. 20.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at five articles covering major areas of concern to international business. The first article, "Cross-cultural Challenges When Doing Business in China" by Pan Fan and Zhang Zigang, looks at the cultural differences between China and the West. The second article, "Why China is Making the Valley Fret" by Cliff Edwards, Jim Kerstetter and Bruce Einhorn, talks about the political aspects of international business. The third article examined, "North America?s Second Decade" by Robert A. Pastor, is on the topic of regional economic integration and looks at NAFTA. Fourth, an article on outsourcing of legal services to India, "Corporate America Sending More Legal Work to Bombay" by Ellen Rosen, illustrates the issue of dealing with exchange rates. The last article, "Macquarie Makes Its Move on Asia" by Donald Greenlees and Jan McCallum, looks at corporate strategy in international business through the experiences of Macquarie Bank, Australia's sixth-largest finance house. The articles reviewed are appended to the paper.
The Cultural Effect on International Business
Political Issues Affecting International Business
Regional Economic Integration and International Business
Impact of Exchange Rates on International Business
Corporate Strategy in International Business
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"No one can dispute the fact that the world economy is increasingly globalizing as we move into the 21st century. As this internationalization of business grows, there is an increasing challenge being faced to deal with cultural differences. In one survey, cultural differences ranked first among all eight issues listed as potential barriers, including law, price competition, information, language, delivery, foreign currency, time differences, and cultural differences. Great opportunities have been created for global collaboration but these opportunities are accompanied by a unique set of problems and issues relating to effective management in the international environment. The social and cultural nuances that enter the picture when dealing with foreign business partners may make for entertaining conversation in subsequent years, but the daily effort that is required for operations can sometimes be hard on business relationships, especially in the early stages."
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American Literature, 2005.
This paper answers three specific questions on the topic of American Literature.
2,260 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper answers three specific questions dealing with American Literature. Specifically, it concerns Walt Whitman and his significance as a poet, Hawthorne's view of the artist compared to the scientist and the development of Frederick Douglass' character.
From the Paper
"Question: Walt Whitman is arguably one of the best known poets in American Literature. In a certain sense, Whitman's poetry offered a true definition of the American spirit and his masterpiece "Leaves of Grass" may be considered a tribute to the American people and their way of life."
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Finding the Personal Voice in Literature, 2003.
A review of five pieces of literature where the main character has to overcome being denied his own personal voice and then gaining it again.
3,884 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how people for all time have struggled to find their voice and their own individuality and how this is a theme prevalent in antebellum American literature. Through a review of different works, it shows how many times people cannot speak out because they are being denied the opportunity by superior powers, which is the case in "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" by Frederick Douglass and "Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl" by Harriet Jacobs and ?Rip van Winkle? by Washington Irving. Other times it is the person?s own views of the world that prevent them from finding their own individual voice, as is the case in ?My Kinsman, Major Molineux? by Nathaniel Hawthorne and ?Bartleby, the Scrivener? by Herman Melville. It analyzes how these works prove to show that once boundaries have been overcome and the struggle of perfecting the use of one?s voice is complete, a person is much better off and a more whole human, if they speak out with their own opinions and accept the consequences, be they good or bad.
From the Paper
"Much like Douglass, Harriet Jacobs wrote as the voice of the slaves in her work, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, but she speaks mainly for the female slave?s plight by directing her work at a Northern female reader, who is most likely to sympathize. She uses another female in her story, Linda Brent, as herself which says something even more about how her voice had been denied to her for very long. Men had traditionally been in power over women and as a result when speaking were more free to express themselves fully, but women were more protective of their own experiences after having long been denied the ability to speak their mind."
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Theory of Literature, 2002.
Discusses the role of literature to the reader and the reader to literature.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
What kind of work does literature do in the world? What does a text do that a song does not? What difference does it make that we can read? And, indeed, why should we read at all? Does the written text have any redeeming value in our own age, or are we in a post-textual (as well as a postmodern and post-structuralist) age? What can the purpose of literature be when anything that is actually produced through the technology of the printing press (which once changed the world) now seems rather horribly quaint? What kind of work does literature do in the world, and what kind of work is it that we do as readers? These last two questions lie at the heart of this paper. They are not in fact the same question merely differently phrased. The paper argues that literature ? the text qua text ? and reading (the subject as agent consuming the text) can be quite different from each other. Before the writer sets forth his own ideas on the function and purpose of literature, he explores the ideas of others on the subject who have tried to define for their own times and places (and for their own writers and readers) what it is that literature does in the world.
From the Paper
"But, while the impassioned literary warriors on either side might not want to admit to this fact, it might well be that there is no single correct way to analyze a text. Or rather there may well be no single correct way to analyze every text. There may be one best way for each text, requiring us to consider local definitions of analysis rather than universal ones. However, this moderate position is one rarely admitted to by either those who support or those who oppose reader-response models and it is in fact easy to understand why this should be the case: The two embody fundamentally opposing world views. Is the purpose of literature one that is determined by the creator or by the consumer?"
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Comparative Literature, 2006.
A review of Susan Bassnett's book "Comparative Literature: A Critical Introduction".
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and critiques the book "Comparative Literature: A Critical Introduction" by Susan Bassnett. The paper divides the book into two distinct, yet interrelated, parts: A general history of comparative literature and an examination of various topics in comparative literature. The paper parallels the book, recounting the historical roots of comparative literature in Europe (chapter 1) and outside of Europe (chapter 2). Then the paper turns to the special topics and details Bassnett's assertions in each. The paper covers the literature of the British Isles, post-modern literature, travel narratives and translations. The paper then critiques the book. While the author calls the book laudable provocative, she does point out some short-comings, namely poor copy editing and an inappropriate attention to writings in translation as a comparative study.
From the Paper
"Comparative Literature: A Critical Introduction is a provocative book. There are certainly praiseworthy sections of it. The portrayal of the history of comparative literature as it developed in Europe and America is well-done and the differences between the two models are made very clear. Bassnett's depiction of the state of comparative literature in non-Western countries is important, for these countries are often overlooked, just as the various literatures of the British Isles are often overlooked and lumped together as "British." Bassnett is especially convincing when writing on travel narratives. Her discussion of how the non-Western world has been perceived and mythologized is insightful and it is important that she recognizes that exchange between the colonizer and the colonized takes place in both directions. Her analysis of the stereotypes attached to the north and the south is excellent, and her choice of Iceland as the subject for the lure of the north is a propitious one. Furthermore, the recognition of the sexualization of foreign lands is perceptive, and is a good example of how texts not traditionally thought of as worthy of literary study can indeed yield insights which pertain to more traditional literature, as well. The chapter on Guinevere provides a concise overview of a character as it develops in literature over the course of centuries and how the popularity of that character changes with the times. It is clear that Bassnett is passionate about translation studies, and she summarizes the field succinctly and understandably, which is of importance, since many readers will probably not be as familiar with translation studies as with, say, post-colonial literature. Stylistically, the book is constructed well. As I noted earlier, Comparative Literature begins with the history of the field and then proceeds into a series of case studies, one of which is translation. But by subsuming comparative literature under the rubric of translation studies, Bassnett makes translation studies part of the history, or, better, the future, of comparative literature. The final chapter is, then, a continuation of the history of comparative literature begun in the first two chapters."
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The History of English Literature, 2003.
A study of the history of English Literature, using the book "An Introduction to English Literature" by Jorge Luis Barges.
2,540 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
A book review of Barges' "An Introduction to English Literature" designed to educate the reader about the rich history of English Literature. Further, the book itself is written by renown author Jorge Luis Barges. His analysis concerning English Literature is focused in: The Anglo Saxon Period; The Fourteenth Century; The Seventeenth Century; The Eighteenth Century; Nineteenth Century Prose; Nineteenth Century Poetry and the end of the Nineteenth Century. Such topics are useful when presenting the reader with a thorough understanding of the history of English literature and writers.
From the Paper
"The author?s preface begins with a general introduction on how essential English Literature is to our society as a whole. Borges also offers the reader a glimpse, of how he strategically compiled essential information concerning the history of English Literature, and writers in sixty-eight pages of text. Evidently, English Literature imparts a wealth of critical information. Further, Borges goes on to explain the significance of English literature: Of all the vernacular literatures which developed during the Middle Ages on the fringe of literature in Lain, that of England is one of the oldest. To put it another way, there are few other texts that can be attributed to the end of the seventh or the beginning of the eight centuries of our era."
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Teaching Children Literature, 2002.
Conceptual analysis of the literature on storytelling and child development in relation to reader response and and structural models of instruction in literature appreciation. Includes the development of an integrated model.
4,467 words (approx. 17.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper develops a perspective on the structural and reader response approaches to literature appreciation that is based upon empirical findings observed in research into the influence of storytelling on child development. To this end, this report first reviews the literature on how storytelling can influence the social, cognitive, and psycho-emotional development of children as well as its basic influence on learning. This examination of the effects of storytelling on child development is followed by an explication of both the structural and the reader response approaches to teaching literature appreciation. Based on the review of all of this material, the report discusses each theory in terms of the support or lack of support offered for it by the storytelling-child development literature. Where relevant, this discussion is used to modify, hone and refine theory into a new model of instruction (The Integrated Model) in literature appreciation, a model that focuses on storytelling as a mode of instruction and that incorporates elements and postulates of both the reader response model and the structural model.
From the Paper
"Effects of Storytelling on Social Development. There is a good bit of literature that supports the notion that storytelling can strongly contribute to both very young and older children's social and psychosocial development. For example, Pellowski (1990) reports that research has shown that stories inform children about the lives, the dreams, the hopes, the problems, the tensions and the conflicts of diverse social and ethnic groups. In this way, storytelling helps familiarize children with how groups of people, some of them which may be very different than the group children were raised in, perceive life and its events.
Simultaneously, while informing of group differences, storytelling serves the function of maintaining a sense of the human community by telling the story using universal themes common to all. In other words, storytelling operates to broaden children's view of the world and the diverse societies it while also emphasizing the social ties that bind communities and groups of people together."
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