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The Lesbian Theory of Literary Critique, 2008.
This paper evaluates the definitional limitations within lesbian theory as a method of literary critique.
4,695 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that lesbian theory has struggled with definition. The author points out that, by its very nature, lesbian theory addresses the notion of the lesbian as 'an other', an entity marginalized beyond the dominant, patriarchal center of society. The paper stresses that, because the lesbian theory asserts its own ability to independently encompass the lesbian experience, this theory fails to acknowledge the complex and fluid nature of this otherness. The author relates that another more fundamental flaw is that, because it tries to empower the lesbian who finds her words relegated to the darker corners of the literary world, too often the theory tends toward a complete avoidance of exclusivity. The paper applies several existing modes of lesbian theory to Alicia Gaspar de Alba's book "Desert Blood" and to the poems of Emily Dickinson to reveal the extent to which these definitional flaws must be addressed.
From the Paper
"In "The Safe Sea of Women", Bonnie Zimmerman discusses the poem "I showed her Heights she never saw" by Emily Dickinson, calling it, "suggestively lesbian". Similarly, in "What is Lesbian Literature?", Lillian Faderman cites the poem "Her sweet Weight on my Heart at Night" as reason to include Dickinson's work in the canon of lesbian fiction even though, "there are no explicit suggestions of lesbian sexual relations in her poems." . Thus, both Zimmerman and Faderman assume the authority to label these poems as lesbian texts based entirely on personal assumptions made about Dickinson."
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The Lesbian and Feminist Theory, 2006.
This paper examines lesbianism and feminism, based on an article by Cheshire Calhoun.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes a report by Cheshire Calhoun entitled "Separating Lesbian Theory from Feminist Theory" on differences between lesbianism and feminism and why these differences matter when discussing their problems. The report discusses the issue of male oppression and the various theoretical constructs used to examine these issues in society today, with reference to certain specific theorists.
From the Paper
"Cheshire Calhoun in her article "Separating Lesbian Theory from Feminist Theory" begins by citing Heidi Hartmann to the effect that Marxism and feminism had become conjoined, leading to a consideration of the nature of lesbian feminism and its relationship to Marxism and to other theoretical constructs. Many Marxist theorists have seen lesbianism as a feminist resistance to male dominance, while few lesbian theorists now see the issue in that light. Instead, they see the issue more and more in terms of women's relation to women and to a number of oppositions among lesbians as among others in society, addressing issues of ageism, racism, anti-Semitism and so on."
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Queer Legal Theory, 2002.
A discussion of The 21st Century?s New Liberationist Theory and how it affects the gay community.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
An examination of the development of Queer Legal Theory in the 21st Century. This paper considers the benefit of forming alliances with previously well established theories such as: Critical Race Theory and Feminist Legal Theory. The recent development of gay and lesbian communities within mainstream society has contributed to the dismantling of invisibility and isolation. Within these communities, gays and lesbians have begun to seek legal reform in attempts to end the discrimination and oppression aimed at their communities. While QLT provides great promise independently, the potential exists for even greater reform through the joint efforts of Feminist, Critical Race and Queer Legal Theories working together to acknowledge their common oppressors and achieve their common goals.
From the Paper
"Within the realm of social sciences there exists a multitude of theories concerning nearly every aspect of human life and interaction. The purpose of these often conflicting or overlapping theories is to provide guidelines for critically examining specific issues of interest. Theories serve to organize and simply information and to guide our perceptions through the process of investigation. Within the domain of law and society, theories help to identify the roots of social conditions, define common goals, and to aid in the understanding of how the law impacts specific social groups and vice versa. Often minority groups develop theories that aim to explain their social condition and which propose methods of law reform targeted at improving their condition. Historically these groups have been isolated, oppressed and discriminated against in both the social and legal spheres. Over time the walls of isolation break down allowing individuals to join others and form sub-cultures and communities. It is with the development of such communities that minority groups begin their uphill battles against oppression and discrimination. The most well known theories originating in this manner are Feminist Theory and Critical Race Theory."
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Marxist Literary Theories, 2002.
A look at "Marxist Literary Theories" by David Forgacs.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes an article entitled "Marxist Literary Theories" by David Forgacs, from a book entitled "Modern Literary Theory, A Comparative Introduction", edited by Ann Jefferson and David Robley. The article, and this paper, provide an explanation of the basic modes and underlying assumptions of Marxist literary theories.
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Literary Theory, 2002.
An overview of the different forms of literary theory
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is about literary theory. Literary theory in its varied forms from structuralism to post-structuralism, from feminism to post-modernism, and from psychoanalytic to liberalism, have made an array of critical evaluations about the links between language, the writer, the text and the reader.
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Literary Response to Computer Age, 2002.
A paper that examines the literary response to early technology and the computer age.
1,987 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the literary response during the early days of technology and the computer was mixed. Many sources feared that communication skills and literary skills would be lost as a result of technology. The paper looks at several articles and points of view in which the writers predicted opinions which ranged from unforeseen disasters, to great successes, as a result of the technology revolution.
From the Paper
"Communication is a key element of our society and the ways that we communicate in the information age has become a challenge in the 21st century. During the early days of technology and the computer most people wondered what would encompass being ?literary ? in the information age. How would we take the old ritual of literary culture and transform that skill into the bits of data and information that characterize the information age. Tracy Kidder?s book, The Soul of a New Machine provides a glimpse into the world of early technology. Kidder provides an account of the work done by a group of Data General engineers who are creating a new innovative computer. The book chronicles the project throughout the course of a year and examines the changes that take place in the lives of the team during various phases of the project."
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Literary Movements, 2004.
An analysis of three 19th century American literary movements.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes three literary movements that emerged in the U.S. during the latter part of the 19th century: naturalism, realism, and local color/regionalism. It cites the work of several authors as examples of the literary movements.
From the Paper
"The latter half of the the century was a time of enormous change in American society. Such changes include the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War, the adjustment to the end of slavery, the increasing growth of urbanism .."
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Literary Nationalism, 2002.
An examination of the debate over American literary nationalism which began in the early nineteenth century.
705 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the main issues that were involved in the contentious debate over American literary nationalism at the beginning of the 19th century in the United States. The English critic Sidney Smith?s biting comment ?Who reads an American book?? is discussed, in terms of how it continued, and helped perpetuate, the debate about American literary nationalism. Further, this essay outlines how Washington Irving?s tales in "The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon" helped to fulfill the need for a unique, American literature that was noted by the Englishman Sidney Smith.
From the Paper
"There were several main issues that fired the contentious debate over American literary nationalism at the beginning of the 19th century, in the United States. The debate surrounded the apparent inability of American authors to produce quality literature. Certainly, America had received its political independence from Britain long before the 19th century, but in terms of art and literature, America had failed to produce works that were equal (of better) in quality to those produced in Great Britain. Certainly, and most importantly, the major point of this debate was that there was no clearly unique style of American literature. Equally important was the perception that the American literature produced was inferior in quality to that produced by British authors (Early). Interestingly, this inability to produce quality literature was reflected in the lacklustre sense of American cultural identity. In Adventures in American Literature: Classic Edition, James Early suggests that a strong sense of American cultural identity needed to be rooted in a ?significant national literature?."
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Ethnic Literary Analysis, 2007.
This paper provides an African-American and ethnic literary analysis of the Novel 'Oroonoko: or The Royal Slave' by Aphra Behn and the Essay "How it Feels to be Colored Me" by Zora Neale Hurston.
2,048 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This article discusses two works containing either African or African-American themes, Aphra Behn's novel 'Oroonoko: or The Royal Slave' (1633) and Zora Neale Hurston's essay "How It Feels to be Colored Me" (1928). The writer notes that when compared against one another, they reveal considerable differences in the perspectives of their authors: In the first case, a 17th century white Englishwoman; and in the second, a late 19th and early 20th century African-American woman folklorist descended from slaves. In this essay, using African American and ethnic literary analysis of both works, the writer explores and analyzes similarities and distinctions in the ways that both authors deal with the subjects of American or African-American identity and black-white relationships, within their respective literary works.
From the Paper
"Other key characters in the novel, again drawn from an obviously white European narrative perspective, include Oroonoko's treacherous grandfather the King of the tribe, who also lusts after his grandson's love interest Imoinda, thereby reinforcing two familiar African stereotypes: overweening lust and inter-tribal rivalry and treachery, even against one's own flesh and blood. Within Aphra Behn's portrait of the African environment inhabited at first by Oroonoko and Imoinda, then, family ties are brittle, and being sold into slavery is, by implication, less heart-rending than it might be for those with stronger family ties."
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Literary Relations, 2002.
An introduction to literary interpretation.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
A paper that presents the various literary relations that create the basis for literary interpretation.
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Puritan and Romantic Literary Consciousness, 2004.
An analysis of Puritan and Romantic literary consciousness.
707 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Puritan and Romantic literary consciousness and explores various literary works. The paper contends that the Romantic and American Transcendentalist ideal is clearly embodied, not only in this excerpt from Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay, "Nature," but also by the life and teaching of the instructor portrayed by Robin Williams in the film, "Dead Poet's Society."
From the Paper
"The ideals of Romanticism suggested that the human animal must mature emotionally as well as intellectually, to reach his or her own artistic potential, and the best way to do this was to do so in nature. In nature, Emerson wrote, one is filled with the innocent love of spontaneous experience, much like a child. But this childlike innocence can also catch the eye of the 'powers that be' or the orthodox leadership of opinion in a very negative, as opposed to a positive way. Because the Romantic teacher does not teach the curriculum as required, and because he integrates immediate, bodily, and visceral experience into the teaching of poetry and literature, the guru figure portrayed by Williams is symbolically cast out of the fold of the scholarly halls and into the harsh, cruel world where he is not allowed to practice his pedagogical vocation."
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Dickinson's Place in New England Literary Tradition, 2005.
A discussion on Emily Dickinson's place in the literary tradition of the New England region.
2,479 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at why it is difficult to place the writings of Emily Dickinson in a specific literary tradition and what factors make this placement difficult. The paper considers why Dickinson was so introverted, what in her life and writing should be used to connect her to a literary tradition, and to whom should the connection be drawn.
From the Paper
"Dickinson's outright rejection of everything conventional rang with the same notes as the crescendo of feminism that was building among middle class women in the 1850s. She refused to subjugate herself to the institution of marriage, she battled pressure to join the church, and she corresponded openly with notable figures of academia. It is certain that the feminist movement would have greatly appreciated, and benefited from Dickinson's voice. Her education and natural boldness made her prime feminist material. The match, however, never grew any more potent than those conveniences. Thought she sought to achieve greatness, Dickinson's reclusive nature would have prevented her from being interested in participating in movements of that nature. In fact, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that Dickinson had no particular loyalty to her sex."
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Literary Realism and Poverty, 2008.
An analysis of the literary realism in Hamlin Garland's short story 'Under the Lion's Paw" from his book, "Main Travelled Roads" and Theodore Dreiser's work, "Sister Carrie".
733 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Chapter XLV of Theodore Dreiser's "Sister Carrie" and describes the literary realism that depicts how the character of Hurstwood must survive the grim reality of poverty in the city. The paper also looks at Hamlin Garland's short story "Under The Lion's Paw" from his work "Main Travelled Roads", which uses literary realism to reveal the grim reality of farm life.
From the Paper
"The first reason why literary realism exists in the work of garland's "Under the Lion's Paw" is the way that he defines the life of farmer's, and the often brutal conditions that they must work within as poor workers of the land. The reality of the farmer's life is apparent in Mrs. Council's narrative:
""Yes, I do my own work," Mrs. Council was heard to say in the pause which followed. "I'm getting purty heavy t' be on m'laigs all day, but we can't afford t'hire (Garland, p.491)."
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Literary Analysis of ?Entropy? and ?Cathedral?, 2006.
The writer of this paper presents a literary analysis, from a personal point a view, of both Thomas Pynchon's "Entropy" and Raymond Carver's "Cathedral."
983 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper discusses the valuable experiences that were obtained by finding the deep literary meanings in both "Entropy" and "Cathedral," that the authors were striving to reveal. The writer explains why the plot of both these short stories are secondary in importance to the subtext. The writer also details the personal significances of each work of writing, such as the scientific theory of entropy, which is clearly illustrated by the author, Thomas Pynchon.
From the Paper
"The things I learned in each story were personally significant to me, as well. I was not aware of the scientific theory of entropy before I read Pynchon's story, which illustrated the concept perfectly. And, in "Cathedral," the thought of what it would be like to describe something I take for granted to a person whom has never seen anything also affected me, and led me to new levels of thinking. Gaining these levels of thinking can only be considered valuable. Finally, the whole experience of responding to "Entropy" and "Cathedral" was valuable because it will better prepare me for future literary readings. Looking back at the questions asked, I can direct those questions toward future readings and hopefully get similar results. The responses taught me new ways of thinking about stories, which will carry over to all future readings."
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Literary and Dramatic Studies, 2005.
A character analysis of sixteen fictional literary characters and dramatic figures.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the character analysis of these sixteen dramatic and literary figures present a fictional account of how they would be seated and how they would interact at a dinner party. It looks at how the dinner is presented and how these fictional characters would most likely behave under the circumstances.
From the Paper
"The aim of this literary study will be examine a fictional account of a formal dinner party with sixteen famous literary and dramatic figures. By examining these characters within the dinner party environment, one can realize how they compare and contrast each other in their dialogue and behaviors. In essence, the hero of the party would be Holden from the novel Catcher in the Rye, since he has such an in depth perspective on life and how people interact with one another during the night's festivities. The formal dinner will have a sixteen person seating arrangement that will suit the similar behaviors and mannerisms associated with each character."
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